1021results about "Antenna radiation diagrams" patented technology

An inherently tuned antenna has a circuit for harvesting energy transmitted in space and includes portions that are structured to provide regenerative feedback into the antenna to produce an inherently tuned antenna which has an effective area substantially greater than its physical area. The inherently tuned antenna includes inherent distributive inductive, inherent distributive capacitive and inherent distributive resistive elements which cause the antenna to resonate responsive to receipt of energy at a particular frequency and to provide feedback to regenerate the antenna. The circuit may be provided on an integrated circuit chip. An associated method is provided.

The unmanned aerial vehicle for antenna radiation characterization is an unmanned aerial vehicle having a propulsion system and a transceiver. Control signals are transmitted from a base station to position the unmanned aerial vehicle adjacent an antenna of interest. The unmanned aerial vehicle for antenna radiation characterization further includes a signal strength antenna for receiving an antenna signal generated by the antenna of interest for calculating or determining the received signal strength of the antenna signal. A received signal strength signal is then transmitted back to the base station, in real time. The received signal strength signal is representative of a set of received signal strengths of the antenna signal corresponding to a set of three-dimensional measurement coordinates such that the received signal strength signal represents a three-dimensional radiation pattern associated with the antenna of interest.

A method for determining at least one characteristic of an antenna requiring: a) positioning an antenna in a space surrounded by a waveguide; b) feeding an electric excitation signal (u_tx(t)) into a feed connection of the waveguide; c) receiving the electric response signal (u_rx(t)) emitted by the antenna resulting from the excitation signal (u_tx(t)); d) determining at least one characteristic of the antenna from a portion of the response signal (u_rx(t)) and a corresponding portion of the excitation signal (u_tx(t)), where the portion of the response signal (u_rx(t)) is evaluated in the time domain and satisfies the following conditions: (i) only one or more waves of the electromagnetic field caused by the excitation signal (u_tx(t)) and running from the feed connection towards the antenna exist at the location of the antenna; and (ii) the electromagnetic field at the location of the antenna is a TEM field.

The invention relates to: A chamber (101, 201, 301, 401) for processing electronic devices (414), the use of such a chamber and a method. The object of the present invention is to provide a flexible system for and method of decreasing the processing time per unit of electronic devices during production and test, thus reducing costs. The problem is solved in that the chamber (101, 201, 301, 401) is adapted for handling several devices (414) simultaneously and said processing comprises a transfer of airborne signals (429, 430, 431). This has the advantage of allowing a simultaneous test under controlled and homogeneous conditions. The invention may be used in the production and test of electronic devices such as mobile communications devices.

A technique is disclosed for calculating the phase and amplitude weighting factors for use with a specific compact antenna range that synthesize an in phase, constant amplitude planar wave front that appears to have been transmitted from the far field. The weighting factors are used to weight RF signals after they are received by a full size or scaled radio direction finding array mounted on a platform during testing of the antenna array on the compact antenna range. The weighted received signals accurately replicate the antenna array response in the far field, including electromagnetic glint caused by the platform on which the antennas are mounted, and are stored in complex voltage form as a calibration table for the array.

Printed antenna devices are provided, which can operate at RF and microwave frequencies, for example, while simultaneously providing antenna performance characteristics such as high gain/directivity/radiation efficiency, high bandwidth, hemispherical radiation patterns, impedance, etc., that render the antennas suitable for voice communication, data communication or radar applications, for example. Further, apparatus are provided for integrally packaging such printed antenna devices with IC (integrated circuit) chips (e.g., transceiver) to construct IC packages for, e.g., wireless communications applications.

A circuit to test the working of antennas for a radio telephone. The antennas each have a radiator with one end that open rises up into the space. The test currents flow through antenna wires to the antennas independent of a signal current (IRF). A secondary path with an impedance that is parallel to the RF path is connected to each radiator to return the separate test currents. A voltage evaluator monitors the operating state of the antennas by comparing the test voltages induced by the test currents at the antenna connections with a reference value and generates corresponding indication signals that provide information on the operating state of the antennas.

The present invention relates to the problem of calibrating an antenna system (23) comprising an electrically controlled antenna (25) using a test antenna (45) arranged near the electrically controlled antenna, with the possibility of calibrating during operation, when disturbing reflections or other unknown signal influences are present when signals are transmitted between the test antenna and the electrically controlled antenna or between the electrically controlled antenna and the test antenna. The electrically controlled antenna comprises a number of modules (27-(1-N)) having means (91-(1-N)) for controlling the complex amplification of the modules. Each module is arranged with a commandable reference mode at reception and/or transmission. The antenna system is calibrated for reception and transmission, respectively, by transmitting test signals between the test antenna and the electrically controlled antenna and/or by transmitting test signals between the electrically controlled antenna and the test antenna, the effect of the unknown signal influence being eliminated by utilization of the reference modes at reception and/or transmission.

A control device for an antenna matching circuit is configured to output an adjusting signal for changing impedance of an element in the antenna matching circuit based on change over time in signal power ratio of a reflected signal from the antenna matching circuit to an incident signal to the antenna matching circuit.

A testing chamber is configured to evaluate the accuracy of a wireless communication device under test in a production environment. The configuration of the testing chamber may resemble an enclosed structure having a wall that includes multiple layers. An array of antennas, which serves as a layer of the wall, is strategically positioned within the testing chamber to receive and transmit signals emitted to/from the wireless communication device. Located within the testing chamber is either a stationary or moveable holder to support the wireless communication device. Furthermore, during testing, the forward link and the reverse communication links are monitored by selectively or alternatively adjusting and shifting the phase/amplitude of the antenna of the wireless communication device to mitigate the effects of multi-path fading.

The invention provides an all airspace active multi beam spherical phased array antenna direction diagram measurement system. The provided measurement system has the advantages of flexible control, high directional accuracy and low cost, and uses electric scanning to replace mechanical scanning. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when a direction diagram test link is received, a signal transmitting and receiving device transmits a test frequency point signal to an auxiliary antenna of a calibration tower; a spherical phased array antenna receives a signal transmitted by the auxiliary antenna; a receiving beam is formed through an active digital multi-beam forming device; the signal transmitting and receiving device receives and records the signal level, and reports the signal level to automation test software of an automation test device; the automation test software of the automation test device controls the active digital multi-beam forming device to form a transmitting and receiving beam in a certain direction and acquire the signal level of the transmitting and receiving beam; two-dimensional electric scanning is carried out on the whole airspace; and three-dimensional images are respectively drawn for the directional azimuth and the elevation angle of the transmitting and receiving beam, and the signal level corresponding to the direction, so as to acquire a transmitting and receiving three-dimensional direction diagram of the antenna.

A method and apparatus for calculating the radiated sensitivity of a mobile terminal positioned in multiple test orientations for multiple combinations of frequency channel and mobile terminal configuration is described herein. Test equipment measures a reference sensitivity of the mobile terminal when the mobile terminal is positioned in a reference orientation. Further, the test equipment estimates an antenna gain associated with a mobile terminal antenna when the mobile terminal is positioned in a test orientation. The test equipment then adjusts the reference sensitivity, based on the estimated antenna gain, to calculate the sensitivity of the mobile terminal positioned in the test orientation.

The invention provides a multi-probe spherical near field channel calibration device and method. The device comprises a tool, a rotary shaft, a telescopic arm, an orienting antenna, a laser range finder, a first rotary table control system and a second rotary table control system; the tool is arranged on a rotary table and is provided with the rotary shaft; the telescopic arm is arranged on the rotary shaft and is provided with the orienting antenna; the orienting antenna is provided with the laser ranger finder; the first rotary control system is arranged to be connected with the tool and is used for controlling the tool to move left and right or up and down; the second rotary table control system is connected with the rotary table and is used for controlling the rotary table. By adopting the scheme, the orienting horn antenna is adopted as the calibration antenna to precisely calibrate the multi-probe spherical near field measuring data of the antenna, and the influence to the antenna performance caused by a backward ground when an omnidirectional antenna is used is avoided.

A technique for boresighting an antenna mounted on a moving platform is described. The technique uses a concurrently moving calibration target. Target navigation data and platform navigation data are used to compensate for movement of the target and the platform. The antenna pointing direction is biased in a direction which provides a best signal quality, and the bias used to determine antenna boresight calibration factors. The boresight correction factors can be used for open loop pointing.

A quadrifilar antenna having helical windings is fed by a phase shift feed network, each winding having an open circuit termination element, the phase shift feeding network having forward directional phase shift paths from a feed input to phase shift feed output ports, and having a first reverse directional transmission path from one or more of the phase shift feed output ports back to a first isolation port, and a second reverse directional transmission path from another one or more of the phase shift feed output ports back to a second isolation port, the first and second isolation ports isolated from the forward directional phase shift paths, and a differential termination impedance, floating from ground, connected the first and second isolation ports. Optionally, the differential termination impedance is frequency selective.

The invention provides a phased array antenna unit characteristic near-field measurement method. The near-field measurement method can measure directional diagrams and opening surface near fields of independent units when all the units work at the same time. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps of selecting a measured phased array antenna AUT, and using a vector network analysis meter PNA connected with a PC and a controller and a near-field scanning frame probe respectively connected with the PNA and the controller to form a near-field measuring system for detecting the antenna unit amplitude phase characteristics. The AUT is used as a transmitting antenna, the probe is used as a receiving antenna, and the scanning frame probe is arranged in front of the opening face of a measuring antenna. Devices are connected according to a near-field measuring method, when the magnitude-phase characteristic am of the mth unit of the phased-array antenna is measured, a vector average method is adopted by each measuring point in a near-field scanning plane, a T/R component, an array element and the magnitude-phase characteristic H m<n>=a<m> S m<n>, n=1,...N from the array element to a measuring point space link assembly of the mth unit are measured and calculated, and the magnitude-phase characteristic am of the phased-array measuring unit is calculated.

A radiation detector is disclosed. The radiation detector is disposed on a microwave antenna assembly. The radiation detector includes a receiving antenna adapted to receive microwave energy. The receiving antenna includes a first tubular antenna member and a second tubular antenna member disposed concentrically about a longitudinal axis defined by the microwave antenna assembly. The detector also includes at least one rectifier coupled to the receiving antenna adapted to rectify at least a portion of the microwave energy and a filter coupled to the at least one rectifier and adapted to convert the rectified microwave energy into a detection signal.

A radiation detector disposed on a microwave antenna assembly is disclosed. The radiation detector includes a receiving antenna adapted to receive errant microwave energy and a rectifier coupled to the receiving antenna that is adapted to rectify at least a portion of the errant microwave energy. A filter is coupled to the rectifier and is adapted to convert the rectified microwave energy into a detection signal.

The invention discloses an automatic measuring system in the center of an antenna phase, which comprises an antenna receiving rotary table subsystem, an emission polarizer subsystem, an emission and reception subsystem, a servo drive digital display subsystem and a computer subsystem. The antenna receiving rotary table subsystem and the emission polarizer subsystem are both connected with the emission and reception subsystem, the servo drive digital display subsystem and the computer subsystem; wherein, the antenna receiving rotary table subsystem consists of a direction rotary table (1), a two-dimensional translation device (2), a bracket (3) and an antenna polarizer (4). The two-dimensional translation device (2) is positioned between the direction rotary table (1) and the antenna polarizer (4) and used for automatically adjusting the positions of an antenna and the rotating axis of the direction rotary table, thereby making the phase center of the antenna near the axle center of the rotary table and ensuring the stable positions of the rotating axis of the direction rotary table and the rotating axis of the antenna polarizer when the direction rotary table is rotating. The automatic measuring system provided by the invention has the advantage of high measuring automation and can be used to accurately mark the phase centers of antennas.

This invention relates to a method for testing intelligent antenna faults including: setting the TR switches of all antenna channels a receiving mode and that of the correcting channel a transmission mode, in which, the correcting antenna sends down-line signals to judge if the coupled network and feed lines connecting the array elements are normal by the tested emission signal power of the correcting antenna and the receiving signal power of the array element of the antennas, then to detect if the antenna element of the normal test state is disabled, which judges if the power defference of the measured receiving signal and emission signal is less than a throshld value designed by a fixed coupled relation to get the test result of the fault of intelligent antennas.

A method and apparatus for measuring a change in the insertion loss of a transmission line in a communication system is disclosed. The method provides feeder cable insertion loss detection in a transmission system without interfering with normal operation. The method includes injecting a non-interfering signal at a predetermined frequency onto a cable providing normal operating signals to a narrowband device at a predetermined frequency, measuring the amplitude of the injected signal, measuring the amplitude of a reflected signal, the injected signal being reflected by the narrowband device and processing the amplitude of the injected signal and the amplitude of the reflected signal to derive a current insertion loss for the cable. In addition, the method further includes comparing the current insertion loss to a prior insertion loss and determining the cable to be defective when the current insertion loss differs from the prior insertion loss by a predetermined amount and replacing the cable when the current insertion loss differs from the prior insertion loss by the predetermined amount. The injecting further includes selecting a signal for injection having a frequency and power that does not interfere with the normal operating signals and which causes the signal to reflect back from the narrowband device. The frequency of the selected signal for injection causes the narrowband device to appear to the selected signal for injection as a short or an open. The narrowband device is an antenna, a low noise amplifier, a power amplifier, a filter or a RF-to-light converter for a fiber optic distribution network.

A method of employing multipath propagation in wireless radio communications uses an omnidirectional transmitting/receiving antenna at one end of a transmission link to send an interrogating signal across an environment subject to multipath disturbances to a phase-conjugating retrodirective antenna, and the retrodirective antenna returns a communication signal along the multiple pathways taken by the interrogating signal to the omnidirectional antenna despite the multipath disturbances. In a simplex communication mode, the retrodirective antenna sends a return signal mixed with a communication signal to the omnidirectional antenna. In a duplex communication mode, both an omnidirectional antenna and a phase-conjugating retrodirective antenna are operated in tandem at each end of the transmission link to provide effective two-way wireless radio transmissions.

Described herein are methods, devices and systems for characterizing an attached antenna to an electronic device, such as a radio frequency identification (“RFID”) reader. One exemplary embodiment is related to a method comprising outputting a low amplitude modulation (“AM”) index radio frequency (“RF”) waveform, the waveform simulating tag data timing and bandwidth, removing a direct current (“DC”) component from the waveform to create a chopped portion of the waveform, applying at least one vector analyzer technique on the chopped portion of the waveform, characterizing at least one antenna impedance vector of the waveform.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the phase center of an antenna, which is based on moving reference points. The method provided by the invention mainly solves the measuring problems of manual operation and artificial judgment. The method includes the following steps: in the measuring system, a measured antenna is adjusted to face an original antenna and is taken as the zero point of a measuring angle; the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of a two-dimensional translation device are controlled to reset and taken as the datum reference point of the phase center test; related parameter information is input and all moving shafts are controlled automatically, thereby collecting the amplitude and phase data of the measured antenna; the horizontal deviation and the longitudinal deviation of the phase center can be worked out by using the least square method and then can be determined whether the deviation of the phase center meets the deviation requirements of the designed phase center of the antenna; if not, the reference point of the antenna can be changed by automatically adjusting the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the two-dimensional translation device according to the deviation value; the test can be repeated again and again until the horizontal deviation and the longitudinal deviation meet the requirements; and the final changed reference point can be taken as the phase center of the measured antenna. The method provided by the invention can automatically and accurately measure the phase center of an antenna.

Systems, methods, apparatus, processors and computer-readable media include a radiated testing module that executes a predetermined radiated performance test on a wireless device. The test dictates various performance-related parameters to measure and log at each of a plurality of predetermined positions. Further, the wireless device receives synchronization information operable to enable synchronization between the logged measurements and each of the positions. The synchronized log allows the wireless device, or another apparatus, to determine a radiated performance characteristic based on apredetermined analysis protocol. Further, the described embodiments allow for the determination of several radiated performance characteristics in a single test, using a single, unaltered wireless device.

A distributed test system for implementing enhanced BIT (Built-In-Test) within an ESM (Electronic Surveillance Monitoring) or RF receiver system. The distributed test system includes a system processor, a programmable RF source element or other comparable test signal generating arrangement, and switched path coupled elements and various measurement elements, each embedded at strategic locations within the ESM system so as to effect maximum path coverage and test benefit.

A radio-frequency (RF) apparatus includes front-end circuitry. The front-end circuitry includes a filter circuitry and an impedance matching circuitry. The filter circuitry has a differential output that has an output impedance. The filter circuitry filters signals outside a signal band of interest. The impedance matching network has a differential input coupled to the output of the filter circuitry. The impedance matching network also has a differential output coupled to a signal processing circuitry. The signal processing circuitry has an input impedance. The impedance matching network matches the input impedance of the signal processing circuitry to the output impedance of the filter circuitry.

A test method for determining total isotropic sensitivity (TIS) of a mobile wireless communications device including a radio frequency (RF) receiver and an antenna coupled thereto may include measuring a sensitivity of the RF receiver, and measuring a three-dimensional (3D) gain pattern of the antenna independent of measuring the sensitivity of the RF receiver. The method may further include determining the TIS of the mobile wireless communications device based upon the sensitivity of the RF receiver and the 3D gain pattern of the antenna.

In an apparatus for measuring a specific absorption rate (SAR) for use in a radio apparatus, a first near magnetic field of a radio wave radiated from a reference radio apparatus is measured in free space, and an SAR of the radio wave radiated from the reference radio apparatus by using a predetermined phantom according to a predetermined measurement method. A transformation factor α is calculated by dividing the measured SAR by a square value of the measured first near magnetic field, and a second near magnetic field of a radio wave radiated from a radio apparatus to be measured is measured in free space. Then an SAR of the radio wave radiated from the radio apparatus to be measured is estimated and calculated by multiplying a square value of the measured second near magnetic field by the calculated transformation factor α.

An apparatus for measuring a radiation pattern of an active antenna arrangement is provided, where the active antenna arrangement includes one or more radios having dedicated antenna elements in communication with each other. The apparatus has a common module external to the active antenna arrangement and a calibration radio, which is also external to the active antenna arrangement and coupled to the common module. The common module includes a transmit/receive unit and interfacing means for interfacing the common module with the active antenna arrangement, with the calibration radio and with a network node. The common module further includes a measurement device for measuring signals received from the active antenna arrangement.