The invention relates to the technical field of motor tests and discloses a testing system of a hydraulic motor. The testing system of the hydraulic motor comprises a motor, a speed changing box, a tested motor, a loading motor, a first oil way, a second oil way, a feedback oil way and a compensation oil way. The speed changing box is provided with an acceleration gear and a deceleration gear, the input end of the speed changing box is in driving connection with the output end of the motor, the loading motor is butted with the tested motor through a power shaft, the output end of the speed changing box is in driving connection with the power shaft, the first oil way serves as an oil inlet channel of the tested motor, the second oil way serves as an oil return channel of the tested motor, the oil outlet end of the feedback oil way is communicated with the first oil way, and the oil outlet end of the feedback oil way selectively supplies oil for the oil inlet end of the feedback oil way or supplies oil for the oil inlet end of the feedback oil way through the loading motor. By means of the testing system, mechanical and hydraulic compensation power recovery modes or the hydraulic compensation power recovery mode can be selected according to needs, and testing requirements for power tests, service life tests, batch tests and the like on most majority of hydraulic motors can be met.