The invention discloses a calibration benchmark construction ruler, which comprises a ruler rod, two lock catch removing inserts, a plurality of lock catch pieces and a wrenching lock catch removing external member, wherein the front end surface of the ruler rod is a working surface, the lock catch pieces are arranged at intervals to form a line and are hinged in hinge slots on the two side wallsof the ruler rod, the two lock catch removing inserts are symmetric and are arranged in installing slots on the two side walls of the ruler rod in a sliding way, the top parts of the lock catch removing inserts are extended out of the installing slots, the lock catch removing inserts are positioned between the hinge slots and the working surface of the ruler rod, the top parts of the lock catch removing inserts, which correspond to the lock catch pieces, are provided with recesses, the wall surfaces of the recesses have inclination degree, the front ends of the lock catch pieces pass through the recesses to extend out of the front end surface of the ruler rod, the wrenching lock catch removing external member is arranged on the ruler rod and is connected with the lock catch removing pieces, and the wrenching lock catch removing external member is used for wrenching the lock catch removing inserts to slide in the installing slots. The invention also discloses a method wall plastering construction benchmark calibration by applying the calibration bench mark construction ruler.