A satellite effective load management system and management method, the system comprises a load distributor, a storage module, a signal transformation processing module, a data multiple connection module and a center processor module, the modularization, integration, standardization effective load management system design conception provided by the invention integrates the data transmission, telemetering measurement remote control, power supply management to be centralized, meanwhile the standard, configurable effective load interface can be designed, so that the resource configuration and the interface configuration of the system are fixed and uniformed, the matching performance problem of effective load managing each task can be effectively solved, the good software and hardware platforms can be provided for time sequence, information and safety management of effective load management, thereby improving the effective load management design level and reducing the complicated degree, corresponding weight and power consumption and so on of the effective load management system, certain basis can be established for improving the whole star performance.