The invention discloses a time-sensitive network data transmission system and transmission method. The system comprises end equipment serving as a data transceiving point, a clock synchronization module for providing an accurate synchronous clock for a network, and bridge equipment playing a switching role, in the bridge equipment, a port flow monitoring and filtering module provides a supervisionmechanism for port data entry management and control, priority queues provide at most eight priority queues, a transmission scheduling module provides a transmission mechanism for time-sensitive datatransmission, and the scheduling module is preempted to optimize time-sensitive data transmission delay. The internal memory unit performs centralized management on the to-be-converted data frames. The system adopts a perfect data shaping scheduling mechanism, so that strong real-time data can preempt weak real-time data, the preempted data can continuously occupy a channel to be transmitted after the strong real-time data is transmitted, a set of rapid transmission solution is provided for future deterministic data, the transmission delay of the data is greatly reduced. The reliability and stability of data transmission are improved.