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719 results about "Packet transmission" patented technology

Packet transmission. [′pak·ət tranz‚mish·ən] (communications) Transmission of standardized packets of data over transmission lines rapidly by networks of high-speed switching computers that have the message packets stored in fast-access core memory.

Adaptive adjustment method of packet-level transmission priority for delay guarantee in programmable networks

An adaptive adjustment method of packet-level transmission priority for delay guarantee in programmable networks. The method realizes the adaptive adjustment of packet-level transmission priority in programmable networks from three aspects to satisfy the preset transmission delay requirements, namely: adaptive adjustment of priority in programmable switches based on processing delay state and switch queuing state, adaptive adjustment of priority among programmable switches based on transmission delay in upstream switches, and adaptive adjustment of global parameters based on packet transmission delay satisfaction, so as to realize the packet-level transmission delay guarantee in different positions with different time scales. In addition, for a scene with a large number of time-sensitive flows, based on the optimization model and heuristic algorithm, the optimization deployment of time-sensitive flows can be realized in polynomial time under the condition of limited network resources to improve the overall extent of delay satisfaction.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV +1

Data packet transmission link selection method and device, electronic equipment and medium

The invention provides a data packet transmission link selection method and device, electronic equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of network security, and the method comprises the steps: determining a target data packet needing to be sent to a receiving end; determining a network environment parameter corresponding to each transmission link according to a plurality of indexes representing the network environment of a plurality of transmission links between the transmission links and the receiving end; sorting the plurality of transmission links according to the network environment parameter corresponding to each transmission link to obtain a transmission queue; and selecting a transmission link from the plurality of transmission links according to the transmission queue, and transmitting the target data packet to the receiving end by using the selected transmission link. According to the embodiment of the invention, the network environment of a plurality of transmission links can be considered, and the transmission link is selected from the plurality of transmission links for data packet transmission, so that the problem of high packet loss caused by single-path transmission or multi-path polling transmission is relieved, and the data transmission effect is improved.
Owner:CHINA TELECOM CORP LTD TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION CENTER +1

Data communication scheduling system based on virtual scheduling actuator

The invention provides a data communication scheduling system based on a virtual scheduling executor, and relates to the technical field of data communication scheduling, the virtual scheduling executor is introduced into a traditional network-based data transmission architecture, and the virtual scheduling executor comprises a plurality of function modules. According to the method and the system, a plurality of link scheduling modules such as a strategy scheduling module, a scheduling execution module, a link state sampling and analysis module and a first data transmission server are arranged, so that data packet transmission link selection and link scheduling strategy decoupling control are realized, and the communication flexibility, scheduling intelligence and control configurability of the system in a multi-link environment are improved; the method is suitable for a multi-link concurrent and high-reliability data transmission scene.
Owner:钟国峰

USB data packet transmission method and USB transmission system

The present invention discloses a USB data packet transmission method and a USB transmission system. The method defines N interrupt upload endpoints for transmitting a target data stream, where N is a positive integer ≥ 2, and at least N-1 of the interrupt upload endpoints are configured as notification-type interrupt upload endpoints. Each notification-type interrupt upload endpoint waits for a valid event to be activated, wherein the valid event includes the endpoint data of the notification-type interrupt upload endpoint being ready, and the endpoint data comes from the target data stream. When the valid event corresponding to a notification-type interrupt upload endpoint is activated, the notification-type interrupt upload endpoint sequentially executes the following: sending an ERDY transaction packet to a host, receiving an ACK transaction packet for an upload request initiated by the host, returning a data packet to the host, and receiving an ACK transaction packet for the data packet from the host. The host-side module sequentially reorganizes the data packets received by all pipelines into the target data stream. The present invention can improve the real-time performance of USB data packet transmission and increase the refresh rate.
Owner:NANJING QINHENG MICROELECTRONICS CO LTD

Data packet transmission method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Embodiments of the invention provide a data packet transmission method and apparatus, an electronic device and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a target data packet; extracting a target field from the target data packet; acquiring historical communication data of the network equipment, and extracting a field in the protocol frame from the historical communication data to determine information redundancy of the field; according to the importance degree corresponding to the information redundancy evaluation field, determining the importance degree corresponding to the field matched with the target field as the importance degree corresponding to the target field; splitting the target data packet into sub-data packets according to the importance degree corresponding to the target field and the network state of the network equipment, and determining a transmission strategy of the sub-data packets; the transmission strategy at least comprises a window size and / or a bandwidth proportion when the sub-data packets are transmitted; and transmitting the sub-data packets according to the transmission strategy. According to the embodiment of the invention, the target data packet is transmitted according to the importance degree of the field in the target data packet and the network state, so that the transmission efficiency and reliability are ensured.
Owner:GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCE INC OF ZHUHAI +1

Adaptive adjustment method and apparatus for congestion window, device and medium

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adaptive adjustment method and apparatus for a congestion window, a device and a medium. The adaptive adjustment method for a congestion window comprises: when the current acknowledgement frame is received, determining data packet transmission information corresponding to the current acknowledgement frame; determining target adjustment information of the current congestion window on the basis of the data packet transmission information and at least one preset congestion window adjustment strategy; and adjusting window information of the current congestion window on the basis of the target adjustment information so as to control, on the basis of the adjusted window information, the number of data packets in the current congestion window or the number of bytes in a data packet to be transmitted. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure, congestion windows are adaptively and dynamically adjusted, improving the stability and real-time performance of the throughput of the congestion windows, thus achieving the effects of ensuring both the live streaming image quality and the live streaming real-time performance in live streaming scenarios.
Owner:BEIJING ZITIAO NETWORK TECH CO LTD +1

Supplemental UWB transmissions

A method of supplemental UWB ranging packet transmission includes: obtaining a UWB transmission schedule including at least two scheduled transmission durations and at least one available transmission duration; transmitting, from a first UWB device, at least one first UWB ranging packet during one of the at least two scheduled transmission durations; receiving, at the first UWB device from a second UWB device, a request for supplemental UWB ranging packet transmission by the first UWB device; and transmitting, from the first UWB device and in response to receiving the request for supplemental UWB ranging packet transmission by the first UWB device, at least one second UWB ranging packet in one of the at least one available transmission duration.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC

Anti-packet loss processing method and system for audio and video data

The invention discloses an anti-packet loss processing method and system for audio and video data. The method is applied to an articulated naturality web, the articulated naturality web comprises two groups of devices, and the two groups of devices are respectively a receiving end device and a transmitting end device. According to the anti-packet-loss processing method and system for the audio and video data, provided by the invention, through a series of steps of packet loss detection, recovery, error concealment and the like, the audio and video data can be recovered to the greatest extent under the condition of data packet loss, the problems of jamming, fuzzy pictures, discontinuous sound and the like are reduced, and the quality of the audio and video is remarkably improved; forward error correction, interpolation compensation and various error hiding methods are carried out by using redundant data, and lost data packets are processed from different angles, so that the definition and fluency of audios and videos and the fidelity of the audios are ensured; meanwhile, through secondary packet loss detection, the situation that the transmission integrity of the audio and video data packets is affected due to the fact that the packet loss phenomenon is not found in time can be effectively avoided.
Owner:杭州智元研究院有限公司

Low-delay high-reliability wireless communication method and system, medium and product

The invention discloses a low-delay and high-reliability wireless communication method and system, a medium and a product, and relates to the field of industrial information and data processing.The method comprises the steps that when an industrial control data packet with a priority processing identifier is received, MAC address table look-up operation is executed on the industrial control data packet, and a priority data packet containing a target address identifier is generated; constructing a data transmission path forwarding by bypassing the network bridge according to the target address identifier of the priority data packet; transmitting the priority data packet to a Wi-Fi driving layer through the data transmission path, so as to write the priority data packet to a hardware sending queue, and generating a sending data packet containing a time sequence identifier; determining a periodic transmission time window synchronized with the industrial control period according to the time sequence identifier of the sent data packet; and detecting a channel state index in the transmission time window, generating a retransmission control parameter according to the channel state index, and executing a data packet transmission operation according to the retransmission control parameter. According to the invention, the processing time delay of wireless communication can be reduced.
Owner:NANJING MAXON OE TECH CO LTD

Reinforcement learning routing optimization method considering dynamic underwater acoustic environment and node mobility

The invention discloses a reinforcement learning routing optimization method considering a dynamic underwater sound environment and node mobility. The method comprises the following steps: performing parameter initialization on an underwater sensor network; monitoring and updating underwater environment parameters and node positions in real time, and dynamically updating a network topology connection state; during data transmission, constructing a multi-dimensional state vector, selecting a routing action by adopting an epsilon-greedy strategy, and generating a routing decision; if the data packet transmission fails when the routing action is executed, ending the iteration, otherwise, calculating a multi-target reward value; updating the Q value table to optimize the routing decision; and monitoring network performance indexes in real time, adaptively adjusting reinforcement learning parameters of the intelligent agent for next iteration, and outputting an adaptive routing selection model until an iteration termination condition is met. According to the method, time-varying channel and node mobility challenges can be intelligently dealt with, and multi-objective optimization balance of energy consumption, delay and stability is realized while the data delivery rate is remarkably improved.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV

Decentralized high-performance multicast method and system based on Gossip and RDMA

The invention discloses a decentralized high-performance multicast method and system based on Gossip and RDMA, and relates to the field of computer network communication. The method has better reliability, realizes zero-loss transmission of data packets through message de-duplication, timeout retransmission, ACK / NACK convergence and a dynamic topology adaptation mechanism, ensures data consistency, and solves the problem of insufficient reliability of traditional UDP multicast; the method has the advantages that the real-time performance is high, the delay is low, the throughput is high, the zero copy and kernel bypass characteristics of the RDMA and the batch processing mechanism of the MPMC are combined, the average delay is lower than 10 microseconds, the throughput in a large data packet scene reaches 374GB / s, and the low-delay requirements of high-frequency transaction, high-performance calculation and the like are met; the method has high expansibility, is based on a decentralized architecture of an improved Gossip protocol, does not need core node maintenance topology, supports dynamic joining or quitting of nodes, can adapt to large-scale cluster expansion, and solves the expansibility bottleneck of centralized multicast.
Owner:CHONGQING UNIV OF TECH

System and Method for Packet Transmission Recovery Using Packet Loss Patterns

A method, computer program product, and computing system for processing a plurality of packets transmitted from a first computing device to a second computing device. A packet sequence number associated with each packet is identified. An error-detecting code representation is generated using the packet sequence number of each packet. A packet that is missing from the plurality of packets is identified. A packet loss pattern associated with the plurality of packets is identified by comparing the error-detecting code representation with a plurality of entries of a high probability loss pattern memory table.
Owner:MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC

5G network downlink high reliability retransmission method for industrial URLLC

The present invention relates to industrial wireless network technology, specifically to a 5G network downlink high-reliability retransmission method for industrial URLLC. This method is applicable to a downlink transmission network composed of a single base station and multiple user devices. The present invention constructs a new frame structure for resource allocation, supports an on-demand retransmission strategy based on hybrid data coordinated scheduling and a dynamic switching strategy based on on-demand / cyclic retransmission reliability analysis; by jointly considering the data packets and retransmission packets in the downlink data queue, and allocating communication resources on demand for data that failed to be transmitted according to the data packet transmission results of each round and the available communication resources, the resource utilization rate is significantly improved, thereby improving the reliability of downlink data transmission; then, combined with the low communication overhead characteristics of the cyclic retransmission strategy, the most reliable retransmission strategy is selected online according to the data queue and the available communication resources, thereby further improving the reliability of downlink data transmission.
Owner:SHENYANG INST OF AUTOMATION - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Techniques for coordinated beamforming

This disclosure provides methods, components, devices and systems for techniques for coordinated beamforming (C-BF). Some aspects more specifically relate to C-BF sounding. In some examples, a sharing AP may transmit a null data packet announcement. The null data packet announcement may indicate a sounding occasion and one or more common parameters for a first null data packet transmission for a sounding. The sharing AP may monitor for the sounding feedback associated with the first null data packet transmission during the sounding occasion. The null data packet announcement may include a null data packet announcement variant subfield, a sounding dialog token number subfield and at least a first station information field and a second station information field.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC

Packet loss compensation optimization method and system for data transmission of communication equipment of Internet of Things

The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things communication, and particularly discloses an Internet of Things communication equipment data transmission packet loss compensation optimization method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a data packet transmission sequence, and obtaining the receiving state identifiers and transmission timestamps of a plurality of data packets according to the data packet transmission sequence; and acquiring network transmission quality parameters, and acquiring a received signal strength value sequence, a network jitter value sequence and a data packet delay fluctuation value sequence in a continuous time window according to the network transmission quality parameters. According to the method, by dynamically obtaining the multi-dimensional network transmission quality parameters in the continuous time window and calculating the actual loss probability value, misjudgment caused by a fixed threshold value is avoided, reliable recovery of the data flow is achieved in combination with a prediction compensation mechanism and consistency verification, and the problem of packet loss caused by network fluctuation in the environment of the Internet of Things is effectively solved.
Owner:SCANFIL (HANGZHOU) CO LTD

Sidelink resource pool selection for urgent packet transmission

A wireless device receives one or more messages indicating transmission resource pools of a sidelink, where the transmission resource pools comprise a first transmission resource pool and a second transmission resource pool. In some cases, the wireless device is allowed to use the second transmission resource pool based on one or more thresholds associated with sidelink transport blocks. Based on a transport block meeting the one or more thresholds, the wireless device selects one or more sidelink resources from the second transmission resource pool. The wireless device transmits the transport block via the one or more sidelink resources.
Owner:OFINNO LLC

Packet transmission method and apparatus

The present application provides a packet transmission method. A terminal device or a network device can determine a service type of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) packet, and, on the basis of the service type of said first packet, map the first packet to a first radio bearer. The radio bearer to which the first packet is correspondingly mapped is determined on the basis of the service type of the first packet, so that the service type of the first packet matches the mode of the radio bearer, thereby avoiding issues in packet transmission performance caused by mapping deviations, such as reduced reliability and increased latency. Therefore, the transmission performance of RDMA packets is ensured.
Owner:HUAWEI TECH CO LTD

Communication method and electronic equipment

The invention discloses a communication method and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication, and the method adopts a two-stage QoS control strategy, and combines a bottom layer hierarchical token bucket algorithm with a top layer deficit polling algorithm. And the bottom layer QoS adopts a hierarchical token bucket to realize bandwidth allocation and traffic shaping based on traffic categories. The top layer distributes bandwidth resources by adopting deficit polling on the basis of functions, so that the problem that the waiting time of data packets in transmission queues of other functions is too long due to the fact that large data packet transmission of a certain function occupies more bandwidth in function scheduling can be solved. According to the method, end-to-end QoS guarantee can be realized, and bandwidth requirements of different traffic categories and functions are considered, so that under the scene of cross-domain sharing of PCIe equipment, the hardware resource utilization rate is maximized, fine bandwidth allocation and traffic control are performed, efficient transmission and scheduling are ensured, and bandwidth fluctuation caused by burst cross-domain access is smoothly processed.
Owner:SHANDONG YUNHAI GUOCHUANG CLOUD COMPUTING EQUIP IND INNOVATION CENT CO LTD

Data transmission and reception techniques for handover scenarios

Provided are a data packet transmission method and apparatus, communication node and medium. The method includes transmitting a handover request message that includes information for a target donor node to forward data; and receiving retransmission data packets forwarded by the target donor node.
Owner:ZTE CORP

Fine-grained and coarse-grained congestion window synchronization for TCP

Systems and methods are provided for improved TCP congestion control designed to address “mixed coarse-grained-fine-grained signal” scenarios. A TCP sender of the present technology achieves this improvement by leveraging two TCP congestion windows for a TCP connection: (1) a “fine-grained TCP signal-dependent congestion window” which is adjusted in response to “fine-grained” TCP congestion signals (as intelligently classified / defined by the present technology); and (2) a “coarse-grained TCP signal-dependent congestion window” which is adjusted in response to “coarse-grained” TCP congestion signals (as intelligently classified / defined by the present technology). With these two novel / unique congestion windows at disposal, the TCP sender can then dynamically (and intelligently) select an appropriate congestion window for dictating packet transmission for a TCP connection (e.g., the contemporaneously smaller congestion window). The TCP sender can also dynamically (and intelligently) synchronize the two congestion windows in order to ensure smoother transitions between utilized congestion windows.
Owner:HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE DEV LP

Q-Learning network path planning method based on multi-dimensional reward and adaptive exploration

The invention belongs to the technical field of computer network, artificial intelligence and network flow optimization, and discloses a Q-Learning network path planning method based on multi-dimensional reward and adaptive exploration, which comprises the steps of 1, network environment modeling and parameter initialization, 2, multi-strategy action selection, and 3, multi-strategy action selection. Step 3, calculating a multi-dimensional reward according to a multi-dimensional reward rule in a data packet transmission process; step 4, performing adaptive exploration adjustment, monitoring the search success rate in a predetermined period in real time, and dynamically adjusting the exploration intensity epsilon according to the search success rate; step 5, performing adaptive pruning optimization to finally obtain a candidate action set; and step 6, iteratively updating and finally outputting an optimal routing path and a Q value table. According to the invention, the routing exploration efficiency can be improved, dense learning signals are provided, and the calculation overhead is reduced.
Owner:NANJING UNIV OF POSTS & TELECOMM

Wire-speed routing and policy enforcement without DPI or decryption

A system and computer-implemented method for routing an encrypted packet through a cloud enforcement network based on a metadata tag. The cloud enforcement network applies policy and routing attributions or tags outside of the encrypted packet payload in such a way as to not require an inner packet to first be decrypted. Traffic prioritization, data protection, and per application policies are achieved by using such metadata tags for internode routing without the need for DPI or decryption. Furthermore, the metadata itself can also be signed or encrypted depending on the provenance of the data. As such, applying meta-tagging external to an encrypted packet, the payload would not be needed to be decrypted during transit of the packet to express end-to-end policy and routing decisions.
Owner:CISCO TECHNOLOGY INC

Incast congestion management

Devices, systems, methods, and processes for incast congestion management are described herein. Typically, in a Packet Sequence Number (PSN) based Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) network, Priority Flow Control (PFC) is asserted upstream when an incast congestion event occurs, which can victimize unrelated flows. Thus, instead of asserting PFC, a switch in the PSN based RDMA network detects an incast congestion event and directly notifies one or more Reliable Connection (RC) Queue Pairs (QPs) of various sending devices, associated with the incast congestion event using Receiver Not Ready (RNR) negative acknowledgements (NACKs). These RNR NACKs are associated with unique pause time-periods. The associated RC QPs receive the RNR NACKs and pause packet transmission. The associated RC QPs resume packet transmission upon expiration of corresponding pause time-periods. Thus, the packet transmission from the contributing RC QPs is spaced out, avoiding all packets reaching a switch output port at the same time.
Owner:CISCO TECHNOLOGY INC

Satellite-ground convergence network MPQUIC data packet transmission scheduling method, scheduler, program product and communication system

The invention discloses a satellite-ground fusion network MPQUIC data packet transmission scheduling method, which comprises the following steps: adopting a real-time path index cache and sliding time window mechanism to measure the round-trip time and packet loss rate of a satellite and a ground path in real time so as to obtain the instantaneous quality state of the path; a comprehensive path scoring model combining the bandwidth, the buffer area utilization rate, the round-trip delay and the packet loss rate is constructed, an award factor and a penalty factor are dynamically adjusted, and a current optimal transmission path is adaptively selected; a switching event of a satellite link is predicted based on satellite orbit data, and data packet transmission of the path is skipped in advance. According to the method, the problems caused by path isomerism and high dynamics in the satellite-ground convergence network are solved; according to the invention, higher throughput and lower flow completion time can be realized, and the transmission stability is greatly improved.
Owner:FUDAN UNIVERSITY

RTS-CTS procedure for extended range packet transmission

PendingUS20250274979A1Network traffic/resource managementNetwork topologiesClear to sendExtended coverage
Methods and apparatus for wireless channel reservation using extended range Request to Send (RTS) / Clear to Send (CTS) procedures to minimize collisions with OBSS devices. In a method, a first wireless device transmits an extended range RTS frame and receives, in response, a non-extended range CTS frame from a second wireless device. The first wireless device then transmits an extended range physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) for reception by the second wireless device. This method may further include fragmenting the extended range PPDU into a plurality of extended range fragments, transmitting a first extended range fragment, receiving a non-extended range acknowledgement (ACK) from the second wireless device, and transmitting a second extended range fragment.
Owner:NXP USA INC

Time synchronization method and equipment

The invention provides a time synchronization method executed by slave equipment, and the method comprises the steps: receiving a time synchronization packet from master equipment, and obtaining the packet transmitting time of the master equipment and the packet receiving time of the slave equipment; calculating a clock offset value between the slave device and the master device based on the packet transmitting time of the master device, the packet receiving time of the slave device and the path delay calibration value, and correcting a local clock of the slave device; wherein the path time delay calibration value is related to the distance between the master device and the slave device. The method can correct the clock skew between the master device and the slave device in real time, and improves the time synchronization precision.
Owner:ESPRESSIF SYST SHANGHAI

In-band data packet transmission

Techniques are described for updating message definitions used by PCIe components such as retimers. Such message definitions are provided within a firmware image, which is subjected to validity and genuine verification during firmware update. Thus, on-site updating of the message definition can be implemented in a secure manner, thereby implementing secure expansion or adjustment of functions provided by on-site deployment components. When the component is a retimer, its functionality may include reducing inter-channel time bias by delay buffer and / or channel routing settings. Techniques for in-band transmission of data packets such as firmware update data packets are also described.
Owner:KANDOU LABS SA

Terminal device and network device

Network devices and a terminal device are provided in implementations of the disclosure. The network device includes a transceiver, a processor, and a memory configured to storing a computer program, where the computer program is executable by the processor to cause the network device to receive, from a second network function (NF) element, a packet filter and a quality of service (QoS) flow identifier (QFI) of at least one packet, where the packet filter comprises information related to at least one QoS type of the at least one packet; and distinguish different types of packets according to the packet filter, and transmit the different types of packets through corresponding QoS flows to a second network device.
Owner:GUANGDONG OPPO MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP LTD

Data packet transmission method and device

The invention relates to a data packet transmission method and device, and the method comprises the steps: receiving a first data packet transmitted by a previous node of a current node through a storage space, transmitting the first data packet in the storage space to a next node, and transmitting the first data packet to the next node when a transmission cancelling instruction transmitted by the next node is not received, the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that at least one data packet exists in a storage space and a free space corresponding to at least one data packet exists in the storage space, sending a first confirmation response to a previous node, receiving a current second data packet through the storage space, sending the current second data packet in the storage space to a next node, and returning a transmission cancelling instruction sent by the next node when the transmission cancelling instruction sent by the next node is not received, and a step of sending a first acknowledgement response to the previous node under the condition that the data packet is stored in the storage space and the free space corresponding to the at least one data packet exists in the storage space until a transmission ending instruction sent by the previous node is received. By adopting the method, the transmission time can be saved.
Owner:SHENZHEN POWEROAK NEWENER CO LTD

Multipath TCP Over Multi-Hop Heterogeneous Wireless IoT Networks

A node device for forming a multi-hop network is provided. The node device is configured to support one communication interface or two communication interfaces, a low speed communication interface and a high speed communication interface. The node device participates in a heterogeneous multi-hop wireless network to simultaneously deliver data packets over multipath TCP (MPTCP) paths. A MPTCP path establishment method is provided for node device to build multiple paths to a data center. An adaptive congestion control algorithm is developed for node device to control congestion on a MPTCP path based on path properties such as path length, path bandwidth and path loss. A Markov chain model is provided for IEEE 802.15.4 Non-Slotted CSMA algorithm to compute round trip time on a MPTCP path, wherein a M / M / 1 / K model is applied to compute the queuing time. Based on round trip time computed and adaptive congestion control window computed, a novel path scheduling method is provided for node device to deliver data to data center. The node device includes a transceiver configured to receive and transmit regular data and other packets in a heterogeneous wireless network, a memory configured to store computer executable programs including paths of node device, round trip times for the paths and path information for downstream nodes, and a processor configured to perform steps of the computer executable programs. The steps include building paths and controlling congestion and computing round trip time and scheduling packet transmission.
Owner:MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES INC +1