The invention provides an image coding and decoding method and a
compression method for
machine and human vision, and the method mainly comprises the steps: obtaining a first feature map and a second feature of a to-be-coded image, and obtaining the super-
prior information of the first feature map; obtaining quantization step sizes of the to-be-coded image under different
machine vision tasks, and performing quantization to obtain a corresponding feature map; modeling the feature map into
Gaussian distribution, and predicting a corresponding mean value and variance through an
entropy model; coding layer by layer according to the distribution and probability of each layer of feature map to obtain a feature map binary code
stream; and combining the super-
prior information binary code
stream and the feature map binary code
stream to obtain a compressed image binary
code rate. According to the method, the quantization step size of feature map quantization is adaptively adjusted, transmission
feature code streams for human vision and different
machine vision tasks are formed, information in the feature map can be more efficiently utilized, the transmission
code rate is reduced, meanwhile, the performance of the
machine vision tasks is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the
rate distortion performance oriented to human vision is balanced.