1905 results about "Rhizosphere" patented technology

The present invention provides a method for the remediation of harmful organics and / or heavy metal contaminated matrix in order to remediate harmful organics and / or heavy metal contaminated soil, sediment and / or sludge. The method involves the processes of biostimulation, bioaugmentation, rhizoremediation, phytoremediation and a passive biopile. The method comprises steps of: a) designing a microbial agent comprising pollutant degrading bacteria, plant promoting bacteria and / or biosurfactant producing bacteria; b) preprocessing the matrix; c) constructing a passive biopile; and d) capping the biopile with plants for phytoremediation. The method achieves internationally-dominant green and persistent remediation while achieving bioremediation / phytoremediation degrading the organics and removing heavy metal.

Disclosed are a tobacco composite microbial fertilizer and its preparation method. The tobacco composite microbial fertilizer contains an active functional bacteria ingredient, an organic fertilizer ingredient and an inorganic composite fertilizer ingredient, wherein the active functional bacteria ingredient contains phosphate solubilizing bacteria-Bacillus megaterium powder, potassium bacteria-Bacillus mucilaginosus powder, tobacco growth-promoting rhizobacteria-Bacillus amyloliquefaciens powder and tobacco endophytic antagonistic bacteria-Brevibacillus laterosporus powder; and the organic fertilizer ingredient contains decomposed manure, a rapeseed cake fertilizer and straws. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the tobacco composite microbial fertilizer. The fertilizerprovided by the invention has advantages of an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer and a microbial fertilizer. According to the invention, utilization rate of the fertilizer can be raised, soil organic matters can be increased, tobacco plant rhizosphere microbial proliferation can be promoted, soil physical and chemical property and biological activity can be improved, comprehensive and balanced nutrients can be provided for the early growth of tobacco seedling, the occurrence of soil borne disease can be decreased, and flue-cured tobacco output and quality can be substantially improved.

The present invention relates to eco-friendly compositions and methods for providing plant growth enhancing formulations comprising mixtures of microbial isolates. In particular, numerous bacterial and fungal strains were isolated from a variety of soil types, from rhizospheres and from root nodules of leguminous plants, in designed combinations, for providing plant growth and plant productivity enhancing formulations. These specifically designed polymicrobial formulations would further provide protection against plant pathogens lowering the need for nitrogen containing fertilizers, solubilize minerals, protect plants against pathogens, and make available to the plant valuable nutrients, such as phosphate, thus reducing and eliminating the need for using chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides.

The invention relates to plant endogenous bacillus velezensis which is capable of preventing and treating plant diseases and insects and has functions of growth promotion and drought resistance, and application thereof. The preservation number of the Bacillus velezensis E6 provided by the invention in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center is CGMCC No. 9665. The strain is separated from a plant root, is rapid to grow, can be rapidly and greatly colonized at plant roots and has ecological niche advantages; the strain E6 not only has an efficient prevention and treatment function on plant soil-borne fungal diseases and is capable of promoting growth of plant root systems and improving drought resistance of plants, but also is capable of damaging formation of pathogenic bacterium bacterial biofilms, is free of drug resistance of bacteria, has relatively good advantages when being compared with other fungicides, is simple in nutrition requirement and low in productioncost, and has good application prospects.

The invention discloses a charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner. The charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 80-85 parts of charcoal, 10-13 parts of a composite microbial flora and 1-2 parts of an oxidized starch adhesive, and the composite microbial flora comprises photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, lactic acid bacteria, microzyme, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner. The combined effect of charcoal and microbes alleviates soil acidification, reduces the unit weight of soil and increases the permeability and the water content of soil; soil organic matter formation is promoted to improve the validity of mineral elements; and the abundance of microbes at the rhizosphere of crops is cultivated to improve the rhizospheric environment of plants in order to make pathogen microbes difficultly grow and breed, so the insect diseases of crops is reduced, and soil heavy metal pollution is alleviated and restored.

The invention relates to a biological agent against crucifer club root and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of bio-pesticide. The strain for production is Bacillus subtilis XF-1, whose preserving number is CGMCC NO.2357. The stain has the characteristics as follows: (1) the primary colony on the LB culture substrate is white and round having a wet surface; the later colony is light yellow having uneven edge with dry and crimple surface; observed from the microscope, the strain is short-bar shaped and movable with spore, peritricha and dimension of 0.7 - 0.8 * 2.0-2.4 mum; (2) the strain is Gram-positive and aerobic and makes use of glycogen, sugar, citrate, gelatin hydrolysate, starch and casein, but does not make use of cellulose, tyrosine and catalase positive; (3) the stain has the function of sterilization, disease prevention, and yield improvement. The embodiment of the invention is as follows: using the test tube of Bacillus subtilis XF-1 stain, shake cultivation, and culture solution for fermentation to prepare biological agent, then applying the biological agent to the rhizosphere soil of crucifer crops, thereby having good effect in preventing and treating, and simple production.

A biological soil nutrient system that combines beneficial soil fungi and bacteria in a growth promoting nutrient medium, embedded in an inorganic porous ceramic particle for direct delivery during soil aerification to the rhizosphere of adventitious plants, including sports turf, landscape and agricultural applications.

The invention discloses a selenium-enriched rice planting method. The method includes the following steps of land selecting, field finishing, seed treatment, sowing and seedling raising, seedling transplant, fertilizer management in the later period, irrigation treatment and selenium-enriched rice harvesting. Before seedlings are transplanted, selenium-enriched base fertilizer in a complex state is applied in the rice field, and a certain selenium source is provided for rice; at the beginning of panicle emergence and flowering of rice and grouting, the selenium-enriched compound fertilizer is applied in the rice field again, the selenium-enriched fertilizer is evenly distributed around roots of the seedlings in the growth process, the selenium in a complex state from soil is absorbed by the roots of the plants and then enters the inner cycle systems of the plants and participates in synthesis of protein through the path from stems to leaves to flowers and fruits, and finally, the selenium in an ionic condition from soil is stored in the seeds in the form of selenoprotein. The selenium-enriched rice tastes good and is high in nutrient matter content, and the content of the selenium of the rice can reach over 0.2 mg / kg and meets the national selenium-enriched standard.

The present invention discloses a rhizosphere regulating fertilizer, which mainly consists of the components of the following weight portions: 100 to 500 portions of nitrogen fertilizer, 30 to 300 portions of phosphatic fertilizer, 50 to 400 portions of potassium fertilizer, 50 to 200 portions of fertilizer of middle elements, 10 to 100 portions of micronutrient fertilizer, 20 to 100 portions of organic acid, 5 to 50 portions of organic amine, 5 to 30 portions of biological active substance, and 200 to 1,000 portions of water. The rhizosphere regulating fertilizer has excellent effects on the regulation of the rhizosphere and can be widely used for field crops, cash crops, vegetables and fruit trees. And the rhizosphere regulating fertilizer has the advantages of low cost and stable effects, and can be promoted in a large scale.

The invention discloses a kind of plant root box culture equipment used in rhizosphere oil sample which includes a removable block body and in the block body grip lays two pieces of root room separation mesh piece so it slips the block body into one medial cell and two side cells; at the bottom of block body sets up a guide water board with a hole on it and the locelle irrigation bottom cut locates under the guide water board and at one end of the guide water line locates in the locelle irrigation bottom cut and the other end locates in the cavity of block body through the guide water hole; the side cell sets up a inner lining board slipping in the side cell and the plug board may lay between the inner lining board and the block body and the inner lining board parallels with the center line of the plug board. Adopt the invention's equipment can sampling the different distance oil convenience and accurately.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and discloses a watermelon seedling culturing substrate, which comprises the following components: earthworm cast, vermiculite, pearlstone and paclobutrazol, wherein the volume ratio of the earthworm cast to the vermiculite to the pearlstone is (2-3):0.6:0.4; and the dosage of the paclobutrazol is between 10 g / m<3> and 20 g / m<3>. When the substrate is used for culturing watermelon own-rooted seedlings, a nutrient solution does not need to be replenished, the seedlings are in order and strong without growing excessively, and the root systems are developed. After the substrate is planted into soil along with the seedlings, beneficial microorganisms in the substrate can quickly form a dominant microflora around the rooting zone of a crop, so that nutrition elements in the soil can be activated, and the utilization ratio of a fertilizer is increased; the application amount of an inorganic fertilizer can be reduced by 20-30 percent; soil-borne diseases can be resisted effectively, the incidence rate of field blight is low, and the control effect is between 86.74 percent and 89.4 percent, is higher than the control effect of an efficient bactericide for an own-rooted seedling growing from the ordinary substrate, and is basically close to the control effect of a grafted seedling; and the soluble sugar content of watermelon and the yield are increased.

The invention relates to a slow-release pesticide granula, formed by pesticide active compound, modify amidon, powder and assist agents. Wherein, the invention also provides relative application; the granula can control the active component to be released to condition at preset speed; therefore, the invention can function the plant one time to control their growth in whole season.

The invention relates to a method for associating plants and microorganisms to accumulate heavy metal cadmium in soil. The method comprises the following steps: firstly planting cadmium accumulated plants in cadmium polluted soil; then inoculating cadmium-resistant bacteria in rhizosphere soil of the cadmium accumulated plants; conventionally culturing, watering and moisturizing; enriching cadmium in cadmium accumulated soil by utilizing the absorption effect of the cadmium accumulated plants to the cadmium and reinforcing effect of the cadmium-resistant bacteria; repeating the process so that the purpose of repairing the cadmium polluted soil can be achieved. The soil repairing method is good in effect, low in cost, easy to manage and operate, and free of secondary pollution, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a combined restoring method of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil, comprising the following restoring steps of: planting lucerne as perennial leguminous plants in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil; inoculating a mixed bacterial inoculum comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, bacillus and flavobacterium; and meanwhile, adding rhamnolipid as a biosurfactant. By rhizosphere effect generated by plant root exudates, the number and the metabolic activity of soil microorganisms are increased; and by inoculating the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the plant growth is promoted, and the root exudates are increased, thereby increasing the root accumulation of organic pollutants and the number of root soil microorganisms. The inoculated high-efficiency polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria use plant root secretions as a carbon source and an energy source and can quickly grow and propagate. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is stripped from soil grains by the biosurfactant, and the bioavailability and the degradability of the organic pollutants are increased.

The invention discloses a bacterial strain b capable of resisting the growth of heavy metal Cd and reducing sulfate, and a bacterial strain capable of resisting the growth of the heavy metal Cd and solubilizing phosphate. The classification and name of the bacterial strain b and the bacterial strain are respectively enterbacter ludwigii SRB-2-5U-2 and pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticum LB-4-4-1c, which are already preserved in the Common Microbe Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms. The bacterial strains disclosed by the invention can be used for simultaneously remediating the surface soil, deep soil and rhizosphere soil of a plant, reducing the pollution of Cd to surface water and underground water, and also improving the activity and fertility of the soil.

According to the present invention a new isolate of a Pseudomonas spp, DSM 21663, has been shown to possess unique properties. This Pseudomonas is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR). Among its modes of action involved in plant growth-promotion are anti-biotic production (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, (DAPG); pyrrolnitrin, PRN and others), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization, and production of unique volatiles. The strain is fluorescent, oxidase-positive, and has the ability to suppress soil-borne root and foliar pathogens of both fungal and bacterial origin.

The invention relates to a dual regulating agent for preventing succession obstacle in protecting cultivation, with components according to following weight proportions: 1-10% of functional bacterial agent of bacillus, streptomycete or gliotoxin of 107-108 cfu / g counted by live bacterial content, 70-98% of progressional agent for organic functional expression such as fermentation organic fertilizer, grass peat or / and brown coal mixture, 5-20% of progressional agent for inorganic function such as zeolite, medical stone or shale. The invention discloses the agent and ite preparing method, and the action is realized by regulating both the immune and growth of root microecology and host, adsorbing functional bacterial onto prossessional agent, considering plant root system, root microorganism and root soil as a microecological system and regulating the population and quantity of microorganism in root system and physicochemical feature of soil to inhibit the population of pathogenic bacteria.

The invention relates to a remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps that: the heavy metal contaminated soil with lower soil nutrient and organic matter contents is selected to be remedied; the remediation plant sedum plumbizincicola is planted; an organic waste and a bio-surfactant are respectively added at a rhizosphere when the plant height grow to be 5 to 10cm; the bio-surfactant is repeatedly added to the soil every 60d; and after the remediation plant matures, the ground and underground parts are harvested and are centrally treated; and the content of heavy metal in soil is determined. By adding agricultural organic wastes, the soil nutrient and organic matter contents are improved, the increase of plant growth and root exudates is promoted, thus increasing the accumulation of heavy metal in underground roots and ground stems and leaves of the plants, and the quantity of rhizosphere soil microbes. The heavy metals are desorbed from soil particles by the bio-surfactant so as to improve the bioavailability of the heavy metals.

The invention provides a multifunctional active organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, relating to an organic fertilizer containing bacteria, fungi and spores, particularly an active organic fertilizer with functions of soil restoration and disease / pest resistance. The invention aims to provide a multifunctional active organic fertilizer capable of restoring soil pollution and improving product quality and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional active organic fertilizer is composed of three layers from inside to outside, wherein the innermost layer is composed of a component A of which the main effective components are Bacillus subtilis and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the middle layer is composed of a component B and a component C containing multiple rich nutritive elements; and the outermost layer is composed of a component D of which the main effective components are Streptomyces vinaceus-drappus and Gliocladium roseum. The multifunctional active organic fertilizer can passivate heavy metals in soil, activate the soil, improve the microecological environment of the rhizosphere, degrade the chemical pesticides and improve the crop quality. The multifunctional active organic fertilizer is used in the field of agricultural planting.

The invention provides an acidic soil conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof. The acidic soil conditioner comprises the following components in part by weight: 4 to 8 parts of composite bacterial agent, 80 to 90 parts of acid adjusting factor, 3 to 7 parts of chelate and 2 to 6 parts of organic matter. The acidic soil conditioner adjusts the pH value of soil, promotes formation of soil aggregate structures, improves the physical property of the soil, creates a good ecological environment for the growth of plants, increases organic matters, calcium, magnesium and silicon and the activities thereof, promotes healthy growth of crops, enhances stress resistance and prevents diseases and pests. By adoption of the composite bacterial agent, the constitution of a microflora of the soil can be improved, the microbial activity of the rhizosphere of the crops is enhanced, mineralization of organic pollutants is accelerated, growth of the plants is promoted, and absorption of degradation products and bioremediation of the polluted soil are accelerated. The acidic soil conditioner has no toxicity, residues and pollution, accords with the development tendency of organic pollution-free agriculture and has great popularization and application values.

The invention discloses a multifunctional high efficient organic material decomposition agent and a preparation method thereof. The decomposition agent of the invention comprises composite original strains consisting of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma viride, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an organic material carrier, and an inorganic carrier. Strains of the decomposition agent can be mutualistic, and have complementary advantages. The adaptation is wide, and a plurality of organic matter clastic enzymes can be produced by metabolism. The decomposition agent has high activity and can be used for fermentation and conversion of a plurality of organic materials such as livestock and poultry excrements, crop straws, city sludge, food waste, food processing and pharmaceutical waste residues, and has fast fermentation start, fast deodorization, low temperature resistance, and low moisture resistance. The fermentation period is shorter by 5-7 days than that in the same technology. Fermented and converted organic fertilizers have the obvious rhizosphere ecological regulation and control function, promote the root growth, and improve the root vitality. A plurality of soil borne diseases are prevented by improving the flora diversity, hyperparasitism and biological antagonism.

The present invention is one kind of organic biofertilizer capable of preventing and controlling nematode harm and its preparation process and use. The organic biofertilizer has the preparation process includes the following steps: 1. preparing materials for organic biofertilizer; 2. high temperature fermentation and decaying; 3. adding Paecilomyces lilacinus and culturing; 4. secondary fermentation; 5. palletizing; 6. quality inspection; and 7. packing. The organic biofertilizer capable of preventing and controlling nematode harm is suitable for use as base fertilizer, and has the long effect of reducing harm of nematode.

The invention discloses a root box test device used for rhizosphere microzone study. The test device comprises a root box, rhizosphere interlayers, a baffle, an inclined plate, a sampling plate and a leaky pipe, wherein the inclined plate and the baffle are arranged on the upper part of the root box; the leaky pipe is laid at the bottom of the root box; the inclined plate is arranged between the wall of the root box and the baffle and horizontally inclines at an angle of 30 degrees; a planting hole for planting crops is arranged on the inclined plate; a root-out seam is arranged on the baffle; the rhizosphere interlayers are formed by plastic plates, nylon meshes and inclined plates; the sampling plate and the rhizosphere interlayers have the same size; and the middle of the sampling plate is hollowed. The device not only can be used for studying the rhizosphere microzones of different millimeter grades around the root system and avoiding the effect of non-rhizosphere soil, but also can be used for studying the regional differentiation characteristics of different parts of the root system.

The invention provides a penicilliums p. strain and application thereof. Eucalyptus endophyte is a penicilliums p. strain 1, and the collection number is CGMCC No.4297. The eucalyptus endophyte inoculated to eucalyptuses can improve the low phosphorus stress resistance of the eucalyptuses and promote phosphorus absorption of the eucalyptuses. Because the eucalyptus endophyte is used for promoting the phosphorus absorption of the eucalyptuses, and when the strains are inoculated to the eucalyptus plants, the activities of the plant phosphatase and the soil phosphatase can be improved, the pH value of the soil rhizosphere can be reduced, and the plant P utilization rate is greatly improved; therefore, the purpose of promoting normal growth of the plants in the low phosphorus soil is fulfilled, and the utilization rate of the soil phosphate fertilizer is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses an active biological matrix product specially used for culture of cucumber seedlings, which is prepared by adding functional bacterial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR 9 in a common seedling matrix, wherein the preservation number of the functional bacterial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR 9 is CGMCC NO. 5808. In the active biological matrix product, cucumber rhizosphere functional bacterial is specially used for cucumber, and is kept alive and added to the matrix to obtain the active biological matrix product specially used for culture of cucumber seedlings. By using the product, the growth promoting effect in the seedling stage of cucumber is good, and high-quality seedlings with a large number of active functional microbes in the rhizosphere can be bred. Meanwhile, a large number of beneficial microbes can be colonized in the rhizosphere so that the growth of the seedlings in the later cultivation process can be promoted, the yield of the crop in field planting can be improved, and the efficacy of preventing cucumber soil-borne disease for the seedlings can be enhanced.

The invention relates to a compound microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The compound microbial fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 40.0-50.0 % of rape seed cakes, 10.0-20.0% of crops straws, 1.5-3.0% of mycothallus, 0.5-1.0% of bacterium thallus and 35.0-40.0% of water. By using the solid fermentation method twice, the invention organically combines the fungi (Trichoderma harzianum and Aspergillus aculeatus for biological control effect) and the bacteria (Bacillus subtillis and Bacillus megatherium for growth-promoting effect), and realizes a simple preparation method. The compound microbial fertilizer has the advantages of environmental condition resistance, high count of active viable bacteria, less influence by the environment after application, slow release of thallus and long-term effective colonization at rhizosphere of plants, promotes plant growth and simultaneously has a certain biological control effect on soil-borne diseases.

The invention relates to application and preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum and a bacterial agent thereof. An XH-9 bacterial strain is identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum according to mycelial morphology, colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and 16S rDNA sequence analysis and is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, and a preservation number is CGMCC NO.13151. The strain is high in antagonistic effect on pathogenic fungi such as fusarium oxysporum, bipolaris sorokiniana, fusarium pseudograminearum, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, botryosphaeria dothidea and alternaria alternata and is capable of generating heteroauxin and 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase to stimulate plant growth and capable of degrading celluloses and can be stably colonized at rhizospheres of crops such as wheat, corn, peppers and the like. The bacterial agent prepared from the bacterial strain can be applied to prevention and treatment of root rot diseases or other soil-borne fungal diseases of crops such as wheat, corn, peppers and the like and has dual functions of disease prevention and growth promotion. The bacterial agent is simple in preparation process, short in fermentation period, low in cost and beneficial to industrial production and transport.

The invention provides a method for effectively extracting crop rhizosphere soil microbe genome DNA and total RNA, which comprises the following steps: firstly, removing humus and other impurities which severely disturb nucleic acid extraction in soil samples by aluminum sulfate; further crushing soil microbe cells by glass beads; adding sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) and LiCl solutions for cracking cells and dissociating nucleic acids; adding the mixture of phenol, chloroform and isoamylol for extracting; and then, depositing the extraction solution by isopropanol and sodium acetate to finally acquire the soil microbe metagenome DNA and total RNA. The method is suitable for extraction of the DNA and total RNA of soil in different regions. The invention establishes an extraction technology which has the advantages of simple and easy operation processes and higher purity of the prepared sample, and can provide an important basis for the research of soil metagenomics.

The invention discloses a novel bacillus methylotrophicus, which has the preservation register number of CGMCC No.6793, wherein the strain is separated from tobacco rhizosphere soil and is obtained by separating and purifying and screening strains. The invention further provides a fermentation method of the bacillus methylotrophicus, a fermentation product prepared by the method, as well as a biological agent based on the fermentation product and a preparation method thereof; the invention further provides a use of the biological agent in controlling a variety of plant diseases. According to the invention, the biological agent is good in environmental compatibility so that the number of effective living spores is more than 5,000,000,000 / g, has high biological activity, and in particular has good control effect on tobacco bacterial wilt, wherein the control effect on tobacco bacterial wilt, soft rot of cabbage, rice bacterial leaf blight, rice bacterial stripe and cotton angular leaf spot is up to 80% or more.

The invention provides the application of trichoderma reesei and sedum plumbizincicola in the remediation of cadmium-polluted farmland soil. The application comprises the following steps of: cutting sedum plumbizincicola seedlings with about 10cm of plant height into soil to be remedied, applying trichoderma reesei FS10-C fermentation liquor or microbial preparation to the rhizosphere of the plant, keeping the soil water content to be 70%wt of the maximum field capacity in the process of remediation, and scissoring the plant along the surface of soil after the plant grows for 60-150 days to complete one remediation process. According to the application, the plant remediation efficiency of the cadmium-polluted farmland soil can be improved; and the sedum plumbizincicola plant remediation efficiency can be improved according to the trichoderma preparation, the biomass of the soil microorganism can be enhanced, the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be improved, and the application is good in ecological efficiency, and suitable for the remediation of the cadmium-polluted farmland soil.