485 results about "Blight" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, particularly relates to rice endophytic bacillus velezensis AN6 and application thereof, and particularly provides bacillus velezensis AN6 which is classified and named as bacillus velezensis and has the preservation number of CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) NO: M 20231886. The invention provides a novel rice endophytic bacillus velezensis strain AN6, through separation, screening, identification and experimental verification, it is found that the strain shows broad-spectrum resistance to various phytopathogens including rice bacterial leaf blight, rice blast and the like, the strain has the capacity of inhibiting various phytopathogens and has the capacity of adsorbing heavy metal, and the strain has the advantages of being capable of inhibiting various phytopathogens and capable of being used as a novel rice endophytic bacillus velezensis strain AN6. The method is of great significance to biological control of rice diseases and development of green agriculture.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant genetic engineering, and particularly relates to an SCRE10 gene for improving rice disease resistance and application of the SCRE10 gene, the base sequence of the SCRE10 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1, and the amino acid sequence of the SCRE10 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.2. Through construction of a dexamethasone induced expression SCRE10 transgenic rice plant, it is found that the transgenic rice can significantly induce PR gene expression and active oxygen outbreak, and the resistance of rice to false smut and bacterial leaf blight can be improved. The invention proves that heterologous inducible expression of the Ustilaginoidea virens SCRE10 gene has the function of positively regulating the disease resistance of the rice, and the SCRE10 gene can be used for improving the disease resistance of the rice, which is of great significance to the creation of disease-resistant germplasm of the rice.

The invention discloses an apple anthracnose leaf blight recognition five-dimensional data fusion method based on a patrol robot, relates to the technical field of anthracnose leaf blight recognition, and solves the problems of limited sensing dimension, large illumination interference and inaccurate spatial positioning in the prior art. Comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring surface curvature characteristics of apple leaves, collecting RGB-D images of the leaves, constructing a three-dimensional topological structure of the leaves, and positioning scab space distribution; s2, acquiring spectral reflection information of apple leaves, quantifying biochemical components of chlorophyll a and carotenoid, and constructing a vegetation index feature set sensitive to diseases; s3, apple tree canopy temperature information is collected, a transpiration anomaly detection model is constructed, and multi-modal fusion of thermal infrared and point cloud data is realized; and S4, integrating spatial distribution, spectral reflection and thermal radiation information, constructing a five-dimensional phenotypic characteristic matrix model, and comprehensively analyzing apple phenotypic characteristics. According to the method, the recognition accuracy under the conditions of blade shielding, uneven illumination, blade posture change and environment interference can be remarkably improved.

The inventive technique process of grainy calcium material for preventing and treating peanut blight primarily includes: adopting the shell powder and weathered coal as raw materials, machining into peanut blight prevention material through agglomeration granulation. The invention has innovative and reasonable design, which not only has simple process, easy implementing, but also has low cost of raw materials, product application convenience, remarkable peanut blight prevention effect, and capability of promoting high-efficient production pf peanut. In particular, the invention applies coastal oyster shell wastes for machining calcium materials for preventing and treating peanut blight, which not only reduces environmental pollution, but also promotes recycling of resources, has very significant economic, social and ecological benefits and greater promotional value.

The invention discloses protease for improving the resistance of potatoes to late blight as well as a coding gene and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering and plant disease resistance breeding. The amino acid sequence of the protease StRD21 is as shown in SEQ ID NO.2, or the protease StRD21 has a derivative sequence with the same disease-resistant function. The nucleotide sequence of the coding gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The invention also provides a specific primer pair for cloning the gene, a potato recombinant overexpression vector containing the gene and a transgenic host cell. The StRD21 gene is introduced into potatoes and overexpressed, so that the resistance of the potatoes to late blight can be remarkably enhanced. The invention provides an effective gene resource and a biotechnological means for cultivating a new variety of disease-resistant potatoes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control, and particularly relates to a pseudomonas flax DY-31 strain, a biocontrol microbial inoculum and application of the biocontrol microbial inoculum. The preservation number of the pseudomonas lini (Pseudomonas lini) DY-31 is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.34088. The pseudomonas lini (Pseudomonas lini) DY-31 is The pseudomonas flax DY-31 or the biocontrol inoculant thereof is applied to prevention and treatment of plant soil-borne diseases, specifically including peanut black rot, peanut southern blight, peanut sclerotinia rot, peanut leaf rot sclerotinia rot, peanut basal rot and wheat stem basal rot. The pseudomonas flax DY-31 provided by the invention is an important strain resource, can be used for creating a biopesticide preparation, and is used for green prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases of peanuts and wheat. In addition, the DY-31 strain also has various growth promoting functions, and has important development and application values in the aspects of agricultural biological control and plant growth promoting.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural science, and particularly provides application of oligosaccharide in prevention and treatment of corn southern leaf blight. The oligosaccharide has an inhibiting effect on the bipolaris maydis and can be used as an inhibitor of the bipolaris maydis. Meanwhile, the oligosaccharide can be used as a plant immune resistance inducer for preventing and treating the corn southern leaf blight, and the occurrence and development of the corn southern leaf blight are prevented and controlled by inducing basic resistance and enhancing the plant immunity. The oligosaccharide application method is simple and convenient to operate, green and environment-friendly, green prevention and control are facilitated, and grain loss caused by diseases is reduced more economically and more environmentally.

The invention discloses Pseudomonas sp., a microbial agent prepared from the Pseudomonas sp. And application of the Pseudomonas sp. And the microbial agent prepared from the Pseudomonas sp. The pseudomonas strain N2-3-1-14 disclosed by the invention is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC); the address of the preservation unit is No.3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; the preservation time is April 8, 2025; the preservation number is CGMCC 34128. The pseudomonas strain N2-3-1-14 and the microbial inoculum prepared from the pseudomonas strain N2-3-1-14 can effectively inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria of pine blight and pine needle red spot, and the bacteriostasis rate is 65% or above. The strain can also significantly promote the growth of pinus sylvestris.

The invention discloses pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24 for antagonizing xanthomonas oryzae and application of the pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. The pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24 is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on November 12, 2025, and the preservation number of the pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24 is CCTCC NO: M 20252533. The pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24 provided by the invention is a newly found pseudomonas biocontrol resource, and verification shows that the strain S7-24 has relatively high antagonistic activity on rice bacterial blight and rice bacterial streak, and can be used for effectively preventing and treating rice bacterial blight and rice bacterial streak. The pseudomonas chlororaphis S7-24 provided by the invention is used for preventing and treating rice bacterial leaf blight and rice bacterial leaf streak, can reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, ensures grain safety, and has better economic and ecological benefits.

The application discloses an NLR plug-in gene for improving plant disease resistance and application thereof, and belongs to the field of plant molecular biology and biotechnology.The NLR plug-in gene StEM1 has a whole gene sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.1 and a CDS sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.2, and the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein is as shown in SEQ ID NO.3.The gene plays a key role in improving plant disease resistance, especially resistance to field late blight variant bacteria.In the NLR background, overexpression of the gene significantly promotes the disease resistance of tobacco and potato to pathogenic pythium, and the gene is a gene for enhancing plant disease resistance by improving ETI immunity.Overexpression of the gene in the NLR background is obtained by a genetic transformation method, and a strain line is obtained to resist field variant strains, so as to cope with field diseases of crops.The application provides an excellent gene resource for green prevention and control of late blight and disease-resistant genetic engineering breeding.

The invention belongs to the field of corn disease prevention, relates to a novel small peptide, provides a small peptide NCRP246 and application thereof in improvement of corn southern leaf blight resistance, and provides feasibility for plant disease resistance by using non-classical peptides. A corn southern leaf blight resistance identification experiment proves that NCRP246 can significantly improve the resistance of corn to southern leaf blight, and further researches that the NCRP246 reduces oxidative damage of pathogenic bacteria infection of the southern leaf blight to the corn by reducing H2O2 accumulation so as to mediate the resistance of the corn to the southern leaf blight; the analysis from the molecular perspective proves that the NCRP246 can induce the expression of defense related genes.

The invention discloses application of a gene OsRGA2 to improvement of disease and insect pest resistance of rice, and the gene OsRGA2 can enhance the disease and insect pest resistance of rice to brown planthopper, bacterial leaf blight and the like, and is used for cultivating a new variety of disease and insect pest resistant rice.

The invention discloses an African trichoderma harzianum strain 6-5 and application thereof, the disclosed strain is named as Trichoderma harzianum, and the preservation number of the strain is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No. 41930. The bacterial strain has obvious bacteriostatic activity on crop pathogenic bacteria such as colletotrichum capsici, apple cyst, botrytis cinerea, alternaria longibrachiata and phytophthora capsici, and fermentation liquor of the bacterial strain has good prevention and control effects on apple anthracnose leaf blight, apple bitter rot and apple tree canker.

The invention discloses a wheat leaf blight bacterium detection method based on an enzyme-mediated double-index amplification technology and a detection kit thereof. The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a wheat leaf blight bacterium detection method based on an enzyme-mediated double index amplification technology and a detection kit thereof. The composition for researching and detecting wheat leaf blight bacteria comprises a primer F5, a primer R3 and an RNA probe, the nucleotide sequence of the primer F5 is shown as SEQ ID No: 5, the nucleotide sequence of the primer R3 is shown as SEQ ID No: 9, and the nucleotide sequence of the RNA probe is shown as SEQ ID No: 16. According to the present invention, based on the EmDEA technology, the specific screening design is performed on the DNA primer and the RNA probe, such that the rapid detection method of the wheat leaf blight bacteria is established, and the method has good specificity, can detect the minimum DNA content of the wheat leaf blight bacteria of 100 fg, and has application prospects.

The invention discloses an application of Burkholderia gladioli XC-1 in prevention and treatment of plant diseases, the 16S rRNA sequence of the Burkholderia gladioli XC-1 is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, and the plant diseases are litsea cubeba shoot blight, okra root rot, durian leaf spot disease, cubilose fruit canker, agilawood root rot or cassava leaf spot disease. The invention finds that the Burkholderia gladioli XC-1 has better development value and application potential in the prevention and treatment of various plant diseases, and a new microbial strain resource is provided for the prevention and treatment of various plant diseases.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of agricultural bactericides, and provides application of an echinocandin antifungal drug in prevention and treatment of agricultural diseases. According to the present invention, the two common echinocandin antifungal drugs such as the anidulafungin and the Rezafungin acetate, which are common in the field of medicine, are firstly applied to prevention and control of crop diseases; prevention and control tests are carried out on crop fungal diseases such as sclerotiniose, corn southern leaf blight, tomato gray mold, rice blast and crop anthracnose, and results show that the two drugs can significantly inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungal hyphae, and compared with an existing agricultural commercial bactericide carbendazim, the bactericidal composition shows higher inhibitory activity and has the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity. The invention lays a foundation for deep research and application of echinocandin drugs in the agricultural field, has a wide market prospect, effectively improves the crop disease prevention and control level, and promotes grain yield increase and quality safety.

The invention discloses marine-derived penicillium as well as a fermentation method and application thereof. The marine source penicillium is named as Penicillium sp.DSF059, and the preservation number of the marine source penicillium is CCTCC (China Center For Type Culture Collection) NO: M 20232310. According to the invention, the culture conditions of the strain are optimized, the culture medium and culture conditions with high yield of antibacterial active compounds are selected for fermentation, more target products can be obtained, the operation is simple, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for industrial production. Meanwhile, the marine-derived penicillium sp. DSF059 can provide an excellent strain for the development of new drugs for resisting plant pathogens such as coffee leaf blight, coffee brown spot, grape gray mold, golden cypress brown spot, citrus black rot, phytophthora capsici, hickory leaf blight and coffee black spot as well as four pathogens separated from coffee leaf diseases and staphylococcus aureus; good application prospects are realized on prevention and treatment of phytopathogen and staphylococcus aureus.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant genetic engineering, and particularly relates to application of a biological product for overexpressing an OsARF7 gene to improvement of rice disease resistance, the nucleotide sequence of the OsARF7 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1, and the amino acid sequence of the OsARF7 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.2. According to the invention, an OsARF7 overexpression rice strain is constructed by means of transgenosis. Tests show that the overexpression of the OsARF7 can significantly enhance the immunocompetence of the rice, for example, the expression level of a disease-resistant related gene is improved, active oxygen outbreak is significantly induced, and the resistance of the rice to false smut and bacterial leaf blight is significantly improved. The invention proves that the OsARF7 has a positive regulation effect on rice immunity, can be used for improving the disease resistance of rice, and has important significance for creating disease-resistant rice germplasm resources.

The invention discloses a promoter of a corn disease resistance related gene, a molecular marker and application of the promoter and the molecular marker. The invention provides the promoter of the TPS6 gene for regulating and controlling the resistance of the northern leaf blight, the southern leaf blight, the smut disease and the like of the corn as shown in SEQ ID No.1, SEQ ID No.2 and SEQ ID No.3, and the mutant of the promoter, which can regulate and control the expression of the TPS6 gene in the corn, and can be used for improving the resistance of the corn to the northern leaf blight, the southern leaf blight, the smut disease and the like or cultivating a new variety of disease-resistant corn. The invention provides a molecular marker Indel8 as a molecular marker for expression of a TPS6 gene in corn, and application of the molecular marker Indel8 in regulation of expression of TPS6 in corn and improvement of corn disease resistance.

The invention discloses an ecological cultivation method for preventing pepper phytophthora blight, which comprises the following steps: step 1, soaking pepper seeds in warm water at 40-50 DEG C for 10-30 minutes, soaking for a short time to achieve the effect of softening seed coats, soaking the pepper seeds in normal-temperature water at 20-25 DEG C for 4-8 hours after soaking in warm water to ensure that the seeds absorb sufficient water, and then soaking the pepper seeds in the warm water for 10-30 minutes; soaking the chilli seeds after absorbing water in a disinfectant, thoroughly washing the seeds with clear water for 2-3 times after soaking and disinfection, and taking out the residual disinfectant; according to the ecological cultivation method for preventing pepper phytophthora blight, the disease resistance is remarkably improved through seed multi-stage treatment (gradient water temperature soaking, composite disinfection and three-bacterium coating), and the pathogen infection risk is reduced by combining seedling culture substrate bacteriostasis and a degradable non-woven fabric root protection technology; the comprehensive income is improved through application of the degradable material and basil intercropping, and finally the occurrence rate of pepper phytophthora blight is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to application of an OgRKa gene and an upstream promoter thereof to improvement of rice bacterial blight and rice blast resistance, nucleotide sequences of the OgRKa gene and the upstream promoter are as shown in SEQ ID No.1, a CDS sequence is as shown in SEQ ID No.4, and an amino acid sequence of an encoding protein OgRKa is as shown in SEQ ID No.5. The homologous gene OgRKa of the rice MRKa gene (a rice plant over-expressing the MRKa gene has partial resistance to the rice bacterial blight, and a rice plant expressing the MRKa gene by using an MRKa self promoter has no resistance to the rice bacterial blight) is homologous cloned from oryza meyeriana through PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification. Compared with the prior art, the resistance of rice plants with the OgRKa gene overexpressed by the 35S promoter or the OgRKa gene expressed by the promoter per se to a plurality of xanthomonas oryzae and magnaporthe oryzae is remarkably enhanced, the approximate immune level is achieved, the broad-spectrum high-resistance xanthomonas oryzae and magnaporthe oryzae are shown, and good application prospects are achieved in the aspect of breeding of xanthomonas oryzae and magnaporthe oryzae resistant varieties.

The invention relates to an application of carboxylated chitin or carboxylated chitosan in promoting insect-killing fungi to prevent and treat diseases and insect pests. Research finds that carboxylated chitin or carboxylated chitosan can significantly promote spore germination and hypha growth of insecticidal fungi, also can significantly enhance stress resistance of the insecticidal fungi, significantly enhance toxicity of the insecticidal fungi to pests, improve ultraviolet resistance and high temperature resistance of the insecticidal fungi, and improve the insecticidal activity of the insecticidal fungi. The invention also finds that the carboxylated chitin or chitosan can effectively inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae. Therefore, the carboxylated chitin or the carboxylated chitosan can be used for preparing a product for enhancing the insecticidal fungus effect and a product for preventing and treating the rice bacterial leaf blight, and the prevention and treatment of plant diseases and insect pests are realized. In addition, carboxylated chitin and carboxylated chitosan are derived from natural polymer materials, have the characteristics of safety, no toxicity, biodegradability, environmental friendliness and the like, are environment-friendly and economical, and have wide application prospects and market values.

The invention discloses bacillus tequilensis 83IBC04-2 and application thereof, the bacillus tequilensis 83IBC04-2 comes from a deep sea hydrothermal zone and is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection on October 15, 2025, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M20252212. The compound has a remarkable antagonistic effect on a plurality of important pathogenic fungi such as tomato gray mold, tomato early blight, rice blast and wheat scab, can be used for preparing a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency biological bactericide, effectively reduces the use amount of chemical pesticides, and reduces pesticide residues and environmental pollution.

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural disease detection and crop disease resistance screening, in particular to a rice bacterial leaf blight disease resistance screening method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle and deep learning, and adopts the technical scheme that an optimized YOLOv11-OBB model is composed of a C3k2FC module, an SPPFLSKA module, a SlimNeck module and a LiteHead module, is responsible for extracting features in an image and positioning bacterial leaf blight spots, and is used for screening the disease resistance of the rice bacterial leaf blight; bacterial leaf blight can be efficiently and accurately detected; a lightweight deep learning model is used, efficient operation on a resource-limited unmanned aerial vehicle platform can be realized, and the equipment and calculation cost is reduced; through the cooperation of a plurality of optimization modules, the detection precision of bacterial leaf blight spots is remarkably improved, and a stable detection effect can be kept; the operation process is simplified, and full automation of bacterial blight disease resistance screening is realized; therefore, low-cost, efficient, automatic and high-precision bacterial blight disease resistance screening is realized by utilizing the lightweight and optimized YOLOv11-OBB model and combining module design with high calculation efficiency, and the method is suitable for large-scale field application.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biochar-based bacterial fertilizer capable of relieving pepper phytophthora blight. The biochar-based bacterial fertilizer takes nutrient substances as an inner shell and beneficial microorganisms as an outer shell; the inner shell is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 21 to 32 percent of urea, 18 to 20 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 6 to 15 percent of potassium sulfate, 3 to 5 percent of humic acid, 3 to 8 percent of oxidized starch, 0 to 10 percent of kaolin, 0 to 10 percent of diatomite and 0 to 20 percent of charcoal; the shell is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 20 percent of biochar for adsorbing beneficial microorganisms and 3 to 8 percent of starch; the inner shell material and the outer shell material of the biochar-based bacterial fertilizer are uniformly mixed, 1% aminobutyric acid is sprayed for granulation, then the mixture is put into a drying oven to be dried at 45 DEG C, and finally a polyurethane coating agent is used for coating. The biochar-based bacterial fertilizer can improve the soil environment, increase the fertilizer utilization rate and reduce the occurrence of pepper phytophthora blight.

The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of plant diseases, in particular to application of a biocontrol strain hzq1601 to prevention and treatment of rice bacterial blight. The biocontrol strain hzq1601 is a bacterial strain hzq1601 of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the preservation number of the bacterial strain hzq1601 is GDMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) NO: 60355, and the biocontrol strain hzq1601 is a bacterial strain hzq1601 of bacillus amyloliquefaciens with the preservation number of GDMCC NO: 60355. The invention further provides a method for preventing and treating the rice bacterial blight, in the rice seedling stage, the biocontrol strain hzq1601 bacterial liquid is sprayed to leaves, so that the morbidity of the rice bacterial blight is remarkably reduced to 1% or below, and losses caused by the bacterial blight are reduced; the bacterial liquid of the biocontrol strain hzq1601 is sprayed to the surface of soil in the tillering stage or booting stage, and the bacterial leaf blight prevention effect and the disease index prevention effect of the biocontrol strain hzq1601 are obviously higher than those of other treatments under the condition that the dosage of the bacterial liquid for seedling treatment is small. The action path of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is direct and efficient, especially, the strong control effect can be achieved through low-dose spraying in the seedling stage, cost and operation difficulty are reduced, a stable pesticide application window and strategy are formed, and wide popularization prospects are achieved.

As a main grain crop in the world, the yield and quality of rice are often threatened by bacterial leaf blight and rice blast. According to the invention, a recombinant expression vector for expressing STTM-miR169d / p is constructed by starting from regulation and control of the expression quantity of miRNA through an STTM technology. By adopting an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated rice protoplast transformation technology, a rice plant containing the STTM-miR169d / p transgenic fragment is obtained. Through field inoculation of xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae and inoculation of rice blast spores on in-vitro leaves, it is verified that the STTM-miR169d / p transgenic rice has significantly improved resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae and rice blast compared with wild type rice. The invention not only provides a new germplasm resource for cultivating disease-resistant rice, but also provides a new thought for regulating and controlling the disease resistance of rice from the aspect of miRNA.

The invention discloses bacillus, a fungicide and application of the fungicide in plant disease control and growth promotion, and relates to the technical field of biocontrol bacteria. The preservation number of the bacillus is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.32658 The bacillus has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on various plant rhizosphere disease pathogenic fungi, can effectively prevent and control eucommia ulmoides leaf gray mold, leaf blight and leaf spot disease, can promote plant growth by secreting IAA (indoleacetic acid) and can provide necessary nutritional ingredients for plant growth by dissolving inorganic phosphorus, so that the bacillus has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on various plant rhizosphere disease pathogenic fungi and can be used for preventing and controlling eucommia ulmoides leaf gray mold, leaf blight and leaf spot disease. The bacillus provided by the invention has the functions of broad-spectrum fungal disease resistance and growth promotion.

The invention discloses a potato late blight severity grading calculation system and method based on YOLOv8-UNet3Plus, and the system comprises an image collection module which is used for collecting a shadow-free potato leaf image through employing a bidirectional light source and a fixed pose camera; the leaf positioning module is used for optimizing a YOLOv8 network by using a space and channel redundant convolution ScConv and a bidirectional feature pyramid network BiFPN, positioning a plurality of potato leaves in the potato leaf image by using the optimized YOLOv8 network, and outputting bounding box information of each leaf; the scab segmentation module is used for optimizing the UNet3Plus network to obtain a lightweight UNet3Plus network, performing pixel-level segmentation on each leaf area by using the lightweight UNet3Plus network, and distinguishing a healthy area from a disease area; the grading calculation module is used for calculating the disease spot area proportion and dividing the disease severity grade of each leaf; according to the method, lightweight construction of the leaf positioning and scab segmentation network is realized, and the model parameter quantity, the calculation quantity and the terminal deployment cost are remarkably reduced.

The invention provides a botanical fungicide of a chaulmoogra seed extract, which takes sub-chaulmoogra seed oleic acid as a marker, and application of the botanical fungicide in preparation of medicines for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi and oomycetes. The hydnocarpus anthelmintica extract is obtained by extracting hydnocarpus anthelmintica seeds with a plurality of different types of organic solvents such as ethanol, petroleum ether and the like and treating the seeds by a physical method, and the hydnocarpus anthelmintica extract contains sub-hydnocarpus anthelmintica oleic acid as markers in different proportions. The extract has the effects of inhibiting conidium germination, bud tube growth or appressorium formation of fungi and oomycetes, effectively preventing pathogenic bacteria from infecting host plants and preventing and treating important plant diseases such as rice blast, mango anthracnose, potato late blight and rice false smut.