The invention relates to the field of Ti-based amorphous composite materials, in particular to the design and preparation method of endogenous toughness β-Ti solid solution reinforced Ti-based amorphous composite materials. The composition of the composite material is (atomic percentage) TiaAbBcBed, wherein: A is one or several elements of Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo, V, and W, and B is one or several elements of Cu, Ni, Fe, and Co. species, a=30-65; b=26-38; c=1-25; d=0-25. The toughness β-Ti solid solution reinforced Ti-based amorphous composite material with different volume fractions is obtained by adjusting the alloy composition, the size of the β-Ti solid solution is 1-200 μm, and the volume fraction is 0-100. The composite material exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and has a certain degree of plastic deformation behavior while having high strength. The compressive yield strength is 1000-1900MPa, the compressive breaking strength is 1200-2300MPa, and the compressive strain is 2-20%; the tensile yield strength of the composite material is 1000-1900MPa, the tensile breaking strength is 1200-2000MPa, and the tensile strain is 2 -20%. It plays an important role in the application of Ti-based amorphous composite materials.