42results about How to "Stable manufacturing" patented technology

The method for preparing an amorphous silicon thin film according to the present invention includes: placing a substrate in a vacuum chamber; controlling the pressure in the vacuum chamber at a predetermined value and performing surface treatment on the substrate; and introducing silane gas and a rarefied gas into the vacuum chamber, heating the substrate, and depositing an amorphous silicon thin film on the substrate using silane gas ions. This method is characterized by low manufacturing difficulty, simple process, and low cost, while improving the growth rate and uniformity of the thin film, making the manufacturing process more stable and controllable, and resulting in a more uniform, dense, and stable amorphous silicon thin film.

The application provides a high-porosity Raney nickel electrode and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of Raney nickel electrodes and preparation thereof. The preparation method of the high-porosity Raney nickel electrode effectively controls the dealuminization rate and the pore uniformity through a preparation process of'sintering treatment + special electrochemical dealloying treatment', and stably prepares the high-porosity Raney nickel electrode. A new process for preparing the high-porosity Raney nickel electrode in an environmentally friendly manner is provided, which replaces the traditional corrosion pore-forming process of a strong alkaline chemical solution and reduces pollution. The prepared high-porosity Raney nickel electrode has a high porosity of up to 52%, and the pore structure is stable, so that the catalytic activity and mechanical stability of the electrode are effectively improved.

The application relates to a manufacturing method of a UAV conformal antenna vertical tail structure and belongs to the field of UAV conformal antenna integrated manufacturing. The method introduces a polymethacrylimide foam core material into the inside of a UAV vertical tail, divides the vertical tail into a left core body and a right core body, lays a radiation plate and glass fiber prepreg on the surface of the left core body and the right core body in sequence, and forms a foam sandwich structure composite vertical tail through autoclave curing forming. The left core body and the right core body are preformed with an antenna mounting groove, a cable groove and an equipment mounting hole, integrated installation of an antenna assembly can be realized, the vertical tail forming process is simplified, the forming efficiency is improved, the cable positioning stability is effectively improved, and electromagnetic performance decline caused by vibration and displacement is reduced.

The invention discloses a toughened modified flame-retardant epoxy resin composition which is prepared by the following steps: S11, performing thermal reaction on 50-90 parts by weight of flame-retardant epoxy resin, 5-20 parts by weight of an epoxy diluent and 10-25 parts by weight of a toughening agent under the action of 0.01-0.5 part by weight of a catalyst to prepare toughened modified flame-retardant epoxy resin A; s12, heating and mixing 0-5 parts of an auxiliary agent, 10-40 parts of a flame retardant, 3-15 parts of a pigment and the toughened modified flame-retardant epoxy resin A, and then adding a chain extender for thermal reaction copolymerization to obtain toughened modified flame-retardant epoxy resin B; s13, mixing 1-10 parts of a latent curing agent and 1-6 parts of an accelerant with the toughening modified flame-retardant epoxy resin B to prepare a toughening modified flame-retardant epoxy resin composition; a composite material product prepared from the toughened modified flame-retardant epoxy resin composition and a fiber reinforcement can meet airworthiness standard requirements such as BMS8-2 Class3 Grade A TYPE 45 and the like, and is suitable for manufacturing of aircraft cargo hold wallboards.

The invention provides an ultrasonic sensor and a preparation method thereof, an underwater ultrasonic detection system and an application method, a single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-grapefruit type photonic crystal fiber cascade structure is adopted, a PDMS elastomer is locally filled in a photonic crystal fiber, a built-in solid-gas Fabry-Perot interference cavity is formed, an external vibrating membrane is not needed, and the ultrasonic sensor is simple in structure and convenient to operate. Therefore, the structure is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. By optimizing welding parameters and a PDMS filling and curing process, stable and efficient preparation of the sensor is realized. The design enables the sensor to have high sensitivity and broadband ultrasonic response capability, and PDMS built-in packaging improves environmental durability and measurement stability. The all-fiber passive sensing mode has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, miniaturization and narrow space measurement adaptation, the system is easy and convenient to build, and the system is suitable for ultrasonic detection under complex environments such as underwater and high-temperature environments.

The application discloses a diamond-based boron nitride film and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of semiconductor epitaxial materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially polishing and cleaning and pretreating a single crystal diamond substrate; performing glow discharge cleaning treatment on a cavity, and increasing the temperature in the cavity to a growth temperature; performing glow discharge activation treatment on the surface of the pretreated single crystal diamond substrate; performing auxiliary glow discharge activation treatment on the surface of the single crystal diamond substrate after the glow discharge activation treatment; growing a boron nitride film on the surface of the single crystal diamond substrate after the surface treatment; reducing the growth temperature to room temperature to obtain a diamond-based boron nitride film after the temperature reduction treatment; and performing annealing treatment on the diamond-based boron nitride film after the temperature reduction treatment to obtain a finally prepared diamond-based boron nitride film. The method can simultaneously meet the key requirements of low damage, high nucleation activity and controllable stress release of the interface.

The invention discloses a flexible electrode film and a preparation method and processing equipment thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry and environmental engineering. The thickness of the flexible electrode film is 40-1000 [mu] m, the flexible electrode film is provided with a fiberized three-dimensional network, an active material is adhered in the fiberized three-dimensional network, the interior of the flexible electrode film is also provided with a pore structure which is distributed with the fiberized three-dimensional network in a mutually interlaced manner, the pore structure is composed of a plurality of pores, and the pores are distributed in an interlaced manner. And the holes are in through or semi-through pore morphology. Soluble salt is introduced as a temporary structure regulation component, a uniformly distributed pore structure is formed in the electrode after subsequent removal, ion transmission conditions in the thick electrode are improved, and the utilization rate of active substances is increased. The fiberized three-dimensional network structure and a pore structure formed by salt pore forming cooperate with each other, so that the electrode achieves higher effective capacity and energy density in a unit area.

The invention discloses an intelligent control method and system for directional enzymolysis of protein peptide with specific molecular weight distribution, and relates to the technical field of bioengineering.The method comprises the steps that on the basis of historical enzymolysis process data and corresponding historical final product molecular weight distribution data, according to a time sequence convolutional network and a long-short-term memory network, a final product is obtained; constructing a process prediction molecular weight distribution model; inputting standardized enzymolysis process data of the target protein peptide into the process prediction molecular weight distribution model to obtain specific molecular weight prediction distribution of the target protein peptide; inputting the specific molecular weight distribution of the target protein peptide into a process prediction molecular weight distribution model, and comparing the specific molecular weight distribution of the target protein peptide with the specific molecular weight prediction distribution of the target protein peptide to obtain an enzymolysis process control instruction; and adjusting the enzymolysis process data according to the control instruction, and feeding back the adjusted enzymolysis process data to the process prediction molecular weight distribution model. According to the method, real-time and accurate regulation and control of the enzymolysis process are realized, so that the target protein peptide of which the molecular weight distribution meets specific requirements is stably and efficiently prepared.

The application discloses a graphene self-supporting intercalation sodium iron manganese phosphate pyrophosphate positive electrode material and application, and a preparation method of the positive electrode material comprises the following steps: dissolving soluble raw materials in deionized water to prepare a precursor solution, wherein the soluble raw materials comprise sodium acetate, manganese acetate, ferrous dihydrogen phosphate or disodium hydrogen phosphate, manganese dihydrogen phosphate and ferrous acetate; adding a carbon source and graphene into the precursor solution, or further adding a dispersing agent, and stirring and sand milling to obtain a positive electrode slurry, wherein the carbon source comprises one or two of starch, glucose and sucrose, and the polymeric monomer of the dispersing agent comprises ethyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)butenoate, 1,4-dicyano-2-butene and styrene; the positive electrode slurry is spray dried and briquetted, calcined at 500-700 DEG C for 10-18h under the protection of nitrogen, and crushed to obtain the positive electrode material with a particle size of 1-6um. The material is excellent in conductivity and rate performance, is suitable for sodium ion batteries, and promotes performance breakthrough and industrialization of the positive electrode material.

The present application relates to the technical field of microlens array printing, and provides a method and a manufacturing system for preparing a high-precision microlens array in a liquid environment, which can realize the preparation of the high-precision microlens array through a printing technology of generating droplets by constrained interface vibration in the liquid environment, and can control a piezoelectric ceramic nozzle in the liquid carrier in a liquid carrier container to generate droplets by interface vibration and sequentially print microlenses to form a microlens array through an X, Y and Z three-axis motion platform, the method can manufacture a size-editable microlens array and has extremely high stability. The present application changes the preparation environment of the microlens array, the liquid carrier can effectively protect the droplets during the printing process, and problems such as volatilization and airflow affecting the shape of the microlens during the preparation process can be avoided or alleviated when volatile printing materials are used, so that the microlens array manufacturing process is more stable.

The application provides a resolution method of clemastine fumarate intermediate, comprising the following steps: 1) reacting racemic N-methyl-2-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine with a chiral resolving agent in a first organic solvent to obtain a diastereomeric salt solution; 2) purifying the material after the reaction in step 1) by cooling and crystallization, and filtering to obtain R-N-methyl-2-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine resolving agent salt; 3) dissolving the R-N-methyl-2-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine resolving agent salt obtained in step 2) in a second organic solvent-water two-phase system, adjusting the pH value to 9-13, then separating the organic phase, and concentrating to obtain R-N-methyl-2-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine; wherein the chiral resolving agent is at least one selected from L-di(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl) tartaric acid and L-di-p-chlorobenzoyl tartaric acid. By using a specific chiral resolving agent, the resolution efficiency of racemic N-methyl-2-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine is significantly improved, and combined with cooling and crystallization and two-phase acid adjustment replacement, the operation is simple, and the cost is controllable.

This invention belongs to the field of battery technology. The purpose of this invention is to provide an organic / perovskite / crystalline silicon tandem battery, comprising a crystalline silicon battery structure, a perovskite battery structure, and an organic battery structure stacked sequentially. A first intermediate layer is disposed between the crystalline silicon battery structure and the perovskite battery structure, and a second intermediate layer is disposed between the perovskite battery structure and the organic battery structure. The first intermediate layer comprises lithium titanate; the second intermediate layer comprises molybdenum oxide and / or zinc oxide. This invention enhances the bonding between layers by using specific novel interface materials, effectively reducing interface defects and recombination centers, reducing current loss, improving interface stability, and optimizing structural compatibility. Ultimately, a complete and effective organic / perovskite / crystalline silicon tandem battery is constructed, achieving excellent efficiency and lifetime performance.

This application provides a glycourea polythiol curing agent composition, relating to the field of polymer materials technology. The composition comprises a mixture of a glycourea trithiol compound and a glycourea dithiol compound consisting of positional isomers. This composition, used as a curing agent for epoxy resin compositions, can form a highly uniform cross-linked network structure, enabling the cured epoxy resin composition to simultaneously possess a high glass transition temperature, high flexural modulus, and ultra-high fracture toughness, achieving an excellent balance between rigidity and toughness.

The invention relates to a method (100) for producing a laser diode module, to a multilayer substrate (40) for use in a method (100) for producing a laser diode module (1), and to a laser assembly (10) for use in a method (100) for producing a laser diode module (1).

This invention relates to the field of welding materials technology, and particularly to a high-performance aluminum-lithium alloy flux-cored welding wire and its preparation method. The high-performance aluminum-lithium alloy flux-cored welding wire comprises: an aluminum-based metal strip outer sheath; and flux powder filled within the outer sheath. The flux powder includes deoxidizing components, alloy components, arc-stabilizing components, slag-forming components, and binding components. The alloy components of the aluminum-lithium alloy flux-cored welding wire, by mass percentage, include: Cu: 3.7%-4.3%, Li: 0.8%-1.5%, Mg: 0.25%-1%, Zr: 0.1%-0.16%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The burn-off rate of active elements is significantly reduced, and the composition control accuracy reaches ±0.05%. The flux structure encapsulates highly active elements such as Li, Mg, and Zr in powder form within the aluminum-based outer sheath, avoiding high-temperature volatilization and oxidation in traditional smelting processes. These elements are released only during welding, achieving precise composition control and enabling the stable preparation of aluminum-lithium alloy welding wires with high Li content (2%-3%).

The invention discloses a high-strength ultrathin-wall casting forming aluminum alloy and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of metal material processing and manufacturing, and the aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-25% of Zn, 6-8% of Si, 1-2% of Cu, 0.5-1.5% of Mg, 0.2-0.5% of Mn, 0.1-0.3% of Ti, 0.05-0.2% of Zr, rare earth elements and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The alloy melt is subjected to pressure casting after being subjected to smelting, refining and modification treatment, and a casting with the wall thickness being 0.1 mm-1. 5 mm can be prepared; the problems that an existing aluminum alloy is poor in fluidity, insufficient in strength and toughness and poor in corrosion resistance in the ultra-thin wall casting process are solved, and important theoretical and practical significance is achieved for developing energy-saving and light-weight products.

This invention discloses a high-performance spinning method for hollow fiber membranes and its preparation method, relating to the field of polymer membrane material preparation. The invention employs a reactive precursor system constructed from side-chain silanized polyarylether sulfone, a surface-silanized metal-organic framework, and a latent hydrophilic agent. Through a gradient reactive wet spinning process, after segmented air-gap initiation and pH-buffered solidification, an inorganic-organic interpenetrating network is constructed in situ using low-temperature solvothermal chemical crosslinking technology. The hydrophilic components are fixed through a dual mechanism of discrete ion anchoring and physical embedding. Combined with gradient solvent displacement and explosion-proof vacuum drying, this invention effectively solves the problems of pore collapse caused by high-temperature annealing, loss of physically blended fillers, and hydrophilicity degradation in traditional technologies, significantly improving the membrane's structural stability, mechanical strength, and long-term antifouling performance.

The invention discloses a thick-film resistor with high strain sensitivity and low temperature sensitivity and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials, electronic elements and sensors. The preparation problem of the thick-film resistor with high strain sensitivity and low resistance temperature coefficient is solved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing lead oxide, boron oxide and silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, completely melting into molten glass, carrying out water quenching, and carrying out ball milling on the water-quenched glass slag to obtain lead borosilicate glass powder; weighing RuO powder and lead borosilicate glass powder, adding an organic carrier, mixing, adding into a three-roller grinder, and fully grinding to be fine and uniform, so as to obtain resistance paste; and coating a cleaned substrate with the resistance paste in a silk-screen printing manner, and in an air atmosphere, controlling the sintering peak temperature within the range of 750-950 DEG C and the heat preservation time of the sintering peak temperature within the range of 10-360 minutes to obtain the thick-film resistor with both high strain sensitivity and low temperature sensitivity.

The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel production, and discloses a photovoltaic panel silicon wafer preparation equipment, which comprises a base, a top frame is fixedly assembled at the top of the base, a placing seat is rotationally connected to the top of the base, an auxiliary frame is fixedly assembled at the bottom of the inner wall of the placing seat, a cylinder is fixedly assembled at the top of the auxiliary frame, and a round rod is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the cylinder. The side surface of the butt joint pipe drives the side surface of the electromagnetic ring and the side surface of the permanent magnet ring to be in abutment and be adsorbed, then the bottom plate is slid in the inner wall of the placing seat by the overheating of external sintering, and then the sintering frame and the bottom plate assist in preparing the silicon block, the placing seat drives the silicon block to move, the electric telescopic support drives the pressing plate to move, the bottom of the pressing plate limits the silicon block, then the electric telescopic rod one and the electric telescopic rod two drive the cutting blade to move, the cutting blade cuts the silicon block, the silicon wafer is stably prepared, and the silicon wafer is efficiently generated.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of high-performance key-use precipitated liquid silicone rubber base material and belongs to the field of preparation of precipitated silicone rubber. Vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, dihydric alcohol and a release agent are mixed and then kneaded to obtain a mixture; the vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the mixture, high-hydroxyl-value hydroxyl silicone oil and precipitated white carbon black are put into a closed kneader, the kneading is started and the temperature is raised to 80-120 DEG C, the temperature is raised to 130-180 DEG C after the rubber material is densely kneaded into a lump, the constant-temperature kneading is carried out and vacuum kneading is carried out; the material is discharged after cooling, the prepared precipitated liquid silicone rubber base material has fluidity and a translucent appearance. The process is a two-step method for preparing the precipitated liquid silicone rubber base material, the yellowing problem of the base material is avoided, and the translucent base material can be stably prepared; the dispersion effect of the white carbon black in the base material is better, the structural degree is low and the viscosity change rate is small after six months of storage; the mechanical properties after vulcanization are excellent, and the base material can be applied to the field of keys.

The application discloses a kind of dialkyl hypophosphite-alkyl phosphinic acid composite salt flame retardant and synthesis method thereof, it is related to organic phosphorus compound technical field, scheme is: the composite salt flame retardant is composed of dialkyl hypophosphite, alkyl phosphinic acid root and 2-4 valence metal ions;Its synthesis method includes that phosphine is added with gaseous or liquid olefin to occur radical addition, and the obtained addition product is oxidized, pH is adjusted and is salted with 2-4 valence metal salt, obtains target composite salt flame retardant.The beneficial effect of the application is: by controlling reaction ratio and subsequent conversion process, realizes the structure directional control from single salt to composite salt, so that the obtained product simultaneously has dialkyl hypophosphite and alkyl phosphinic acid root coexistence characteristics, while maintaining high conversion level, has stable preparation and good flame retardant application value.

The application belongs to the technical field of high-temperature alloy processing, and particularly relates to a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ultra-thin foil and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the application, the cold rolling deformation of each pass is limited to 10% to 30%, a 1050 DEG C to 1100 DEG C stress relief annealing cycle rolling mechanism is matched when the cumulative deformation reaches 65% to 70%, and a 1170 DEG C to 1230 DEG C solid solution treatment process is coupled to the 0.02 mm to 0.03 mm ultra-thin intermediate blank, so that the problems of strip breakage, poor plate shape precision, low thickness uniformity, large internal stress, insufficient room temperature and high-temperature tensile strength in the prior art can be solved, and thus the nickel-based ultra-thin foil with high mechanical properties can be stably prepared.

This invention discloses a method for forming ultra-large titanium alloy U-shaped profiles, comprising: 1. Initial heating of titanium alloy sheet using a tracked heating device; 2. Rapid transfer and first bending of the titanium alloy sheet under heat preservation conditions; 3. Second heating and bending of the L-shaped single-sided bent part; 4. Milling the edges of the U-shaped double-sided bent part; 5. Performing steel plate pressing and shaping heat treatment on the milled U-shaped double-sided bent part; 6. Performing surface treatment on the heat-treated U-shaped double-sided bent part to remove surface oxide scale, thereby obtaining the finished titanium alloy U-shaped profile. This invention optimizes the layout of the tracked heating device and bending machine, constructing an L-shaped rapid transfer path, thus solving the cracking problem caused by temperature drop in ultra-large titanium alloy sheet and ensuring the temperature stability of the titanium alloy sheet during bending; the large bogie furnace steel plate pressing and shaping heat treatment process improves the uniformity of the U-shaped double-sided bent part's shaping.

The application relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and particularly relates to a high-brightness red LED chip for display and a manufacturing method thereof. The high-brightness red LED chip for display comprises, from bottom to top, an AlN substrate, an Au bonding layer, an In bonding layer, a barrier layer, a silver mirror layer, a transparent conductive layer, a silicon dioxide pattern layer, a magnesium fluoride pattern layer, a P-type window layer, a P-type transition layer, a P-type confinement layer, an MQW light-emitting layer, an N-type confinement layer, an N-type current expansion layer, an N-type electrode protection layer and an N-type ohmic contact layer; the chip sidewall has a step cutting path etched from the chip upper surface to the P-type window layer, the step cutting path is locally widened on the opposite side of the N electrode to form a step surface, the step surface is used for arranging the P electrode, and the P electrode expansion pad is embedded in the transparent conductive layer; the above LED chip structure provided by the application has good current expansion uniformity, luminous brightness, heat dissipation and reliability.

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a novel amphoteric super-slow-release polycarboxylic acid slump retaining agent and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing and dissolving an unsaturated polyether macromonomer with water, adding a pH regulator, a first part of acrylic acid and an acrylic acid derivative, stirring, adding a first part of a reducing agent and an initiator, dropwise adding a dropwise adding solution A and a dropwise adding solution B at the same time, and carrying out a heat preservation reaction after dropwise adding is completed. The initiator is a composite initiation system composed of peroxides and azo; the dropping liquid A comprises a second part of acrylic acid, unsaturated carboxylic ester and phosphate monomers, and the dropping liquid B comprises a second part of a reducing agent and a chain transfer agent. According to the method, ordered copolymerization of multiple functional monomers is realized through a composite initiation and step-by-step dropwise adding process, and the prepared slump retaining agent has excellent initial dispersity and super-long slump retaining capacity, and is suitable for long-distance transportation and long-time construction concrete engineering.

The application provides a solute cluster reinforced aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials. The solute cluster reinforced aluminum alloy material comprises an aluminum matrix and nanometer clusters uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the aluminum matrix. The average size of the nanometer clusters is less than or equal to 5nm, the number density of the nanometer clusters is greater than or equal to 3.27*10 25 m ‑3 ; and the solute cluster reinforced aluminum alloy material is an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.

The application belongs to the technical field of silicon carbide ceramic preparation, and particularly relates to a silicon carbide ceramic slurry based on DIW-3D printing, a silicon carbide ceramic product and a preparation method. The silicon carbide ceramic slurry is prepared from raw materials including the following components and weight contents: silicon carbide mixed powder 60-100 parts, thermosetting resin 10-40 parts, dispersing agent 5-15 parts and thermal initiator 0.01-1 part. The application realizes the application of DIW-3D printing in the preparation of silicon carbide ceramic through the synergistic effect of double-particle-size SiC grading, introduction of B4C sintering aid, special resin and dispersant system, thermal initiation and solidification, DIW rheological design and gas pressure sintering, saves the material cost in the manufacturing process, prepares a silicon carbide sample with excellent mechanical properties, and further widens the development of silicon carbide ceramic.

The application discloses a kind of polybenzodifuranone and its constant potential polymerization preparation method, belong to organic conductive polymer material preparation technical field, benzodifuranone (BFDO) and supporting electrolyte are dissolved in polar aprotic solvent, and electrolyte is obtained by mixing uniformly;With platinum metal electrode as working electrode and counter electrode, with saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode, three electrodes are connected with direct current power supply and are placed in the electrolyte, in air atmosphere, electrochemical polymerization reaction is carried out using constant potential method;After reaction, the reaction liquid is extracted and filtered, dried, to obtain polybenzodifuranone (PBFDO).The application uses constant potential electrochemical polymerization method, n-type conductive polymer polybenzodifuranone can be synthesized in air atmosphere in one step, without catalyst, high-temperature anaerobic environment and complex post-processing, the product conductivity is 1.157-18.28 S / cm.Process simplification, low cost, process controllable, can realize green scale preparation and industrialization application.

The laser cutting method of the steel strip of the present application is a laser cutting method of a steel strip in which the vicinity of a joint portion in which the rear end portion of a preceding steel strip is joined to the front end portion of a following steel strip is cut using a pulsed laser, wherein the output power of the pulsed laser is set to 0.5 kw or more per 1 millisecond, the processing point diameter of the pulsed laser is set to 0.1 mm or more and less than 0.6 mm, and the ratio of the pulse period time to the rest time is set to 0.3 or more and less than 0.8.

This invention belongs to the field of piezoelectric materials and discloses a lead nickel tungstate-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic and its preparation method. The general chemical formula of the lead nickel tungstate-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic of this invention is: xPb(Ni 1 / 2 W 1 / 2 )O3-yPbZrO3-(1-x-y)PbTiO3+zwt%MnO2; where, 0.05