122 results about "Soil carbon" patented technology

The invention discloses a method and device for carbonizing and curing soil. The soil carbonizing and curing method comprises the steps of: stirring and mixing a soil body needing to be cured and a curing agent according to the mass ratio of (12-19): (8-1) uniformly; and then introducing carbon dioxide gas in the cured soil to carbonize the cured soil body so as to form carbonate compound cured soil. The curing agent comprises active magnesium oxide. The device used for carbonizing and curing soil comprises a carbon dioxide generator and an outer sleeve, wherein a through hole used as a carbon dioxide outlet is arranged on the wall of the outer sleeve, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe is connected to the carbon dioxide generator, the carbon dioxide outlet on the carbon dioxide generator is connected with one end of the carbon dioxide inlet pipe, and the other end of the carbon dioxide inlet pipe is positioned in the outer sleeve. A sealing film is sleeved on the carbon dioxide inlet pipe, covers the top part of the outer sleeve and extends to the exterior of the outer sleeve. A gas seal ring is arranged between the outer sleeve and the carbon dioxide inlet pipe, and positioned on the top of the outer sleeve.

The invention relates to a biomass poly-generation comprehensive utilization method and device. The method comprises the steps of: naturally drying and roughly crushing biomass materials, then carrying out microwave heating and cracking in a microwave pyrolysis chamber, introducing thermal gas (tar) and solid semicoke which are generated by microwave heating and cracking into a microwave reforming chamber, and further carrying out microwave heating and reforming on the thermal gas (tar) to convert the thermal gas (tar) into synthesis gas under the catalytic reaction of the semicoke; activating and regenerating the semicoke after catalysis and reforming, and then sending to the microwave reforming chamber for continuous catalytic reaction. In the invention, directional conversion from biomass to synthesis gas is realized by means of microwave radiation, the semicoke generated by pyrolysis is used as a reforming catalyst, two technologies of microwave pyrolysis and microwave reforming are integrated, and the semicoke can be activated and regenerated for recycling under microwave radiation. The semicoke that is not suitable for recycling can also be returned to field directly or in the form of a compound fertilizer after being mixed with fertilizer to improve soil carbon sink and enhance soil fertility. Compared with other processes, the method has the advantage of high synthesis gas conversion rate improved by about 10%; the prepared synthesis gas has wide applications and can be used for synthesizing chemical products such as ammonia, dimethyl ether, fertilizer and the like. The method can realize the resource poly-generation comprehensive utilization of biomass.

The invention discloses a forage grass planting method for a rocky desert area. According to characteristics of the rocky desert area, through land rocky desertification grade classification, forage grass selection, land preparation, forage grass seed selection, seed processing, sowing time selection, sowing amount selection, sowing mode selection, post-sowing compression and a field management technology, scientific forage grass planting is achieved, high-yield forage grass planting is obtained, economic benefits are remarkable, the environment is greatly improved, the water and soil are preserved, the rock desertification environment is improved, the primary productivity of land can be maintained and effectively improved, the yields of forestry and animal husbandry are increased, and the income of farmers is increased; meanwhile, soil carbon sink can be effectively increased, and the environment quality is improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of cow dung biological carbon. The method comprises the following steps: naturally air-drying, crushing and sieving with a sieve of more than 40 meshes cow dung; performing pyrolysis under an air-free condition; mixing a product obtained by pyrolysis and a strong alkaline solution, adding water for rapid and uniform stirring, performing clarifying and filtering, and extracting filter residues; performing washing and drying to obtain activated cow dung biological carbon. According to the preparation method and the application, adsorption and removal effects of the cow dung biological carbon on aqueous solutions of heavy metals lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel and the like are greatly improved, better fixing effects on lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel and the like in soil are achieved, acid soil can be improved, organic matters of the soil are improved, and soil carbon fixation is facilitated. The preparation method is simple, and has far-reaching social significance and economic value, conditions are mild, industrial production is facilitated, additional environmental hazards can be avoided, the utilization efficiency of biomass resources is improved, and the problem of difficulty in degradation and reutilization of agricultural and forestry biomass residues is solved.

The invention provides a carbonization and solidification method for soil. The method comprises the following steps of: uniformly agitating and mixing soil body which is required to be solidified and curing agent according to a mass ratio of (12-19):(8-1); introducing carbon dioxide gas into solidified soil, so that the solidified soil body is carbonized and formed into carbonate compound solidified soil, wherein the curing agent comprises active magnesium oxide. A device used for implementing soil carbonization and solidification comprises a carbon dioxide generator and a jacket pipe; a through hole used as carbon dioxide gas outlet is arranged in the pipe wall of the jacket pipe; a carbon dioxide guiding pipe is connected onto the carbon dioxide generator; and the carbon dioxide gas outlet in the carbon dioxide generator is connected with one end of the carbon dioxide guiding pipe; and the other end of the carbon dioxide guiding pipe is located in the jacket pipe; the carbon dioxide guiding pipe is sleeved with a sealing film; the sealing film is covered on the top of the jacket pipe and extends towards the outside of the jacket pipe; a gas sealing ring is arranged between the jacket pipe and the carbon dioxide guiding pipe, and the gas sealing ring is located at the top of the jacket pipe.

The invention relates to a bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity measuring and carbon sequestration capacity improving fertilizer preparation method, which comprises the following six steps: 1, test design: selecting a bamboo forest sample plot, setting and processing a test area, then sampling, determining and computing; measurement and computation of annual respiration carbon emission amount of bamboo forest: measuring soil respiration rate, computing greenhouse gas CO2 emission flux and CO2 emission amount in soil annular accumulated respiration and determining no-root respiration soil CO2 emission amount; 3, measurement and estimation of bamboo forest vegetation carbon storage; 4, measurement and computation of soil carbon storage; 5, computation of bamboo forest annual net carbon fixation amount; and 6, optimum fertilizer preparation for improving bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity. Through fertilizer application according to the optimum fertilizer preparation scheme obtained in the method disclosed by the invention, the carbon sequestration capacity of the bamboo forest can be obviously improved, and the invention provides an effective and feasible novel scheme for solving the greenhouse effect caused by the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration.

The invention relates to the field of machinery, and in particular provides a device for automatically continuously testing soil microbial respiration. The device comprises a constant temperature culture system, a CO2 initial concentration control and gas sampling system and a CO2 concentration analyzer. The device can adjust CO2 concentration and gas flow and flow velocity in the device at the beginning of a test according to requirements, and has a function of automatically switching different test specimens. By the device, the indoor soil microbial respiration can be quickly and continuously tested on line successfully, and the device can be widely applied to the related fields of soil carbon turnover, microorganisms and the like.

The invention discloses a WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) forest environmental benefit monitoring system based on a wide-range soil carbon flux monitoring system. The WSN forest environmental benefit monitoring system is characterized in that a data receiving/transmitting module is in a monitoring mode and continuously acquires carbon flux, temperature and humidity on a node in a network and data transmitted by a decibel monitoring device after a monitoring server as a background processing system is started up, and meanwhile, an instruction is transmitted to other nodes in the network in a broadcasting way when the background processing system transmits updated data acquiring frequency. The monitoring system provided by the invention can be used for providing massive automatic real-time environmental information acquiring service and has a wide market application prospect.

The invention provides an in-situ monitoring soil freeze-thawing device and a method for testing the soil carbon loss on the basis of the device, and aims at solving the problems that the existing wild method can only be used for monitoring the carbon discharge flux of a whole soil ecological system and cannot be used for monitoring the contribution of a specific soil layer to the carbon discharge, and a soil freeze-thawing process cannot be really reflected by indoor freeze-thawing simulation experiments. The soil freeze-thawing device mainly comprises a temperature monitoring instrument, a soil column chamber, an air buffer chamber, a rubber sleeve and an air guide pipe. The method for testing the soil carbon loss comprises the following steps of charging in-situ soil columns of different soil layers into the soil column chamber of the freeze-thawing device; burying the soil columns into corresponding oil layers; in a freeze-thawing period, monitoring the discharge condition of gases CO2 and CH4, and comparing the soluble organic carbon DOC change condition of the corresponding soil layer before and after the freeze-thawing; further calculating the total carbon loss quantity of the freeze-thawing process. The in-situ monitoring soil freeze-thawing device and the method for testing the soil carbon loss have the advantages that the CO2 and CH4 discharge flux of different soil layers and the change angle of the DOC content in the freeze-thawing process are integrated to calculate the soil carbon loss degree; the precision is improved by 30 to 50 percent.

A method for developing new-climate economy and realizing global net zero carbon emission comprises steps of selecting excellent and high-yield biological kinds and repeatedly harvesting in unit time to increase biological carbon catching amount, planting trees, irrigating and planting weeds to form a multi-coverage composite ecological system to expand plant carbon storage amount, improving a ploughing way, utilizing biological fertilizers and improving soil carbon storage amount, producing carbon products and biological products in a bio-manufacturing way and expanding biological carbon sealing amount, breeding high-yield aquatic organisms to increase hydrosphere carbon conversion amount, developing animal husbandry to expand animal carbon transmission amount, collecting organisms to fill and bury to limit atmosphere total carbon amount, replacing fossil fuel by clean energy to control atmosphere carbon increase amount, conserving energy and reducing consumption and reducing man-made carbon emission, comprehensively developing and utilizing atmosphere carbon resource, building a manual carbon stock to create atmosphere carbon dividing amount. Through ways of carbon capture, storage, sealing, conversion, transmission, limit, control, decrease and utilization, global net zero carbon emission can be realized; and ecological, environmental, resource-related, economic and climatic problems can be solved.

The invention relates to the field of ecological study, and provides a multichannel double-circulation soil carbon discharge delta13C observing system. The multichannel double-circulation soil carbon discharge delta13C observing system consists of a gas analyzing system and a circuit control system. The gas analyzing system comprises a discharging box, a box cover, a sampling pipe, an air pump, a three-way solenoid valve, a multichannel solenoid valve, a delta13C analyzer and a single chip microcomputer. The circuit control system is formed by connecting a power source, a control line, a switch and a contact according to a given circuit. With the adoption of the multichannel double-circulation soil carbon discharge delta13C observing system, automatic conversion and circular observation among a plurality of channels are realized, so as to remove interference of 'dead air' on an observing result, save observing time of each channel, and improve the efficiency and the accuracy of soil carbon discharge delta13C observation.

The invention discloses a method for fixing carbon and reducing emission in south paddy fields in winter. The method comprises steps of first, applying green fertilizer and planting in paddy fields in winter and re-applying green fertilizer in a broadcast sowing way before late rice harvest, second, covering the paddy fields via straws in winter, covering the straws on the paddy fields after paddy harvest rather than burning, third, conducting a moisture management mode smoothing water discharging, preventing waterlogging for the paddy fields in the whole winter via digging water discharging trenches, reducing methane emission via removing waterlogging environment, reducing emission via reducing substrate produced by greenhouse air, and fourth, turning over the paddy fields and restoring the green fertilizer and re-applying the same to the field, smashing the green fertilizer and harvesting before spring ploughing, conducting water-ploughing and turning the green fertilizer into the mud, restoring carbon and nitrogen nutrients fixed by the green fertilizer in winter into the paddy field soil in the above way, and maintaining long term effect of carbon fixation and emission reduction via addition of the soil carbon and nitrogen storage. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and enables the paddy fields in a fallow period to be effectively utilized; and beneficial effects of carbon fixation and emission reduction in winter can be achieved.

The invention relates to an in-situ measurement device for measuring plant root respiration. The device consists of a soil carbon flux measurement system, a root box, a pipeline system and fine sand, wherein the soil carbon flux measurement system is connected with the root box through a gas sampling inlet hose and a gas sampling outlet hose; the fine sand is filled in one third part from the bottom in the root box; a root implantation hole, a gas inlet tube hole, a moisture complement tube hole and a gas sampling inlet hose hole are formed from bottom to top in the side wall, close to the bottom, of the root box; the pipeline system consists of a gas inlet tube, a moisture complement tube, the gas sampling inlet hose, an exhaust tube and the gas sampling outlet hose; and the exhaust device is an electric exhaust pump or a large-capacity work drum. By virtue of the device, a root system can be separately isolated, so that the living activity of the root system is ensured, the precise research on the root respiration and the relationship between the root respiration and soil respiration is facilitated, and the observation is facilitated. The device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to popularize and use.

The invention provides a special high-carbon based soil remediation fertilizer for tobacco fields and a production method and application method of the special high-carbon based soil remediation fertilizer for the tobacco fields. The special high-carbon based soil remediation fertilizer for the tobacco fields comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35% of biochar, 4 to 6% of a cake fertilizer, 1 to 3% of humic acid, 10 to 15% of potassium nitrate, 4 to 6% of medical stone, 30 to 40% of dried cow-dung, 0.5 to 1% of shell powder, 2 to 4% of biological bacteria, 1 to 2% of white stone powder, and the balance of microelement fertilizers. According to the invention, organic materials which are high in carbon and low in nitrogen, loose and porous and high in specific surface area are mainly taken as carriers, a variety of mineral nutrient elements are directionally added, a variety of physiological active materials are combined, and remediation of soil carbon pools and activation of soil microbial communities are taken as purposes, and the micro-ecological environment of tobacco plant roots are coordinated and optimized to promote the root development of tobacco plants, balance the nutrition of the tobacco plants and improve the use efficiency of tobacco plant nutrients.

The invention discloses a method for improving the carbon fixation and carbon sink enhancement capabilities of a bamboo forest. The method includes the following steps: 1, biological carbon preparation, wherein crop straw, pruned branches and animal manure organic biomass are collected, dried, then placed in a biological carbonization furnace respectively, calcined and then carbonized to obtain biological carbon; 2, bamboo forest land selection which includes the steps of building the bamboo forest, transforming low-yield or degraded bamboo forest land and bamboo forest maintenance; 3, fertilization method and fertilization time. According to different characteristics of phyllostachys pubescens forest land, a biological carbon application method and a corresponding management measure are specifically designed so as to improve and fertilize bamboo forest soil and improve the soil productivity, positive effects of carbon sink enhancement and emission reduction are achieved, the resource utilization of forestry and agricultural residues is achieved, the forest soil is improved, the yield and quality of bamboo products are improved, the health level of a bamboo forest soil carbon pool and the health level of the ecological system are improved, and the method has a significant carbon sink function.

The invention discloses an open soil carbon flux monitoring instrument and monitoring method. The monitoring instrument comprises a cylinder, wherein the top and the bottom of the cylinder are both opened, two data acquisition modules are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the cylinder, each data acquisition module comprises a carbon dioxide sensor, a temperature sensor and an atmosphere pressure sensor, the cylinder is also provided with a central processing unit and a display screen, and the central processing unit is electrically connected with the display screen and with the carbon dioxide sensor, the temperature sensor and the atmosphere pressure sensor of each data acquisition module. The open soil carbon flux monitoring instrument and monitoring method provided by the invention adopt an open monitoring manner, so detection accuracy is improved, and normal monitoring can be carried out in rainy days.

The invention discloses an agricultural culturing medium, a producing method thereof and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of production of agricultural culturing media. The agricultural culturing medium is prepared from charcoal powder, fresh grass leaf powder, dry grass leaf powder, fungicides and pyroligneous liquid. The invention further discloses the producing method of the agricultural culturing medium. The method includes the following steps that 1, the mixture of the fungicides, the pyroligneous liquid and the charcoal powder is prepared, then the mixture, the fresh grass leaf powder and the dry grass leaf powder are evenly mixed, and a compost heap body is prepared; 2, heap-sealing anaerobic fermentation is carried out, and then aerobic fermentation is carried out; 3, the heap body is sealed, then overturned and aired, and the agricultural culturing medium is obtained. According to the agricultural culturing medium, the producing method and the application, landscaping waste serves as raw materials to produce the agricultural culturing medium, the landscaping waste is recycled, and the produced agricultural culturing medium can improve a soil carbon pool and improve soil, can be applied to gardening, agricultural production or forestry production.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer. Parts of agricultural organic wastes are used as a composting raw material, the remaining agricultural organic wastes are pyrolyzed at a low temperature to prepare charcoal and pyroligneous liquor, and the charcoal, the pyroligneous liquor and the composting raw material are fermented together to prepare the charcoal-pyroligneous liquor organic fertilizer. The charcoal-pyroligneous liquor organic fertilizer prepared in the invention can effectively improve the soil structure and improve the water and nutrient retention ability of soil while greatly increasing the organic matter content of the soil. The addition of the charcoal, in the production of the organic fertilizer is helpful for maintaining the composting temperature and promoting the growth of microorganisms, so the composting cycle is shortened; and more importantly, the charcoal can effectively absorb ammonia and hydrogen sulfide to reduce nitrogen and sulfur loss in the composting process. The addition of the pyroligneous liquor in the production process of the organic fertilizer improves the species diversity and the functional diversity of the microorganisms in the soil, so the increase of the activities of related enzymes used by mineral elements is benefited, and the activity of soil enzymes participating in soil carbon mineralization is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer, in particular to fertilizer for repairing, preventing and controlling soil degradation and a preparing method thereof. The fertilizer comprises, 76-95% of active ingredients, 32.5-41.7% of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, 24.5-41% of organic matter, 11.75-19.3% of humic acid and 1-2% of amino acid. The fertilizer can supplement the effective organic matter, the humic acid and nutrient substances with water-soluble activity micro-molecules for soil, regulate the carbon and nitrogen ratio of the soil, activate a soil eco-system, regulate micro-ecological balance of the soil, and repair soil colloid, a soil enzyme system and a soil granular structure; meanwhile, water is stored, the fertilizer is preserved, soil acid-base is relieved and balanced, soil fertility is fostered, and soil degradation is prevented and controlled. The preparing method for the fertilizer for repairing, preventing and controlling soil degradation is easy to operate, saves manpower and material resources, and is high in manipulability, and beneficial for industrial production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of Kiwi berry, grapes, fruit trees or similar trees, and discloses a high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method capable of preventing root rot and early defoliation of the Kiwi berry. The high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method has the characteristics of three aspects of transformation, three aspects ofconstruction and five aspect of improvement, wherein three aspects of transformation comprise transformation of traditional shallow cultivation into deep cultivation, transformation of traditional plane type cultivation into stereoscopic high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation, and transformation of traditional plowing and irrigation for a plurality of times into plowing and irrigationfor few times; and three aspects of construction comprise construction of a water-heat-air-nutrient spatial coordination system for the underground part of the kiwi berry with development of deep soil resources as a target, construction of a spatial optimization system with stereoscopic planting for the overground part of the kiwi berry as a target, and construction of a field highly-efficient management system with ecological management for the whole kiwi berry orchard area as a target. The high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method provided by the invention greatly improvesthe fertility of soil, prevents root rot and early defoliation of the kiwi berry, greatly improves the yield and quality of the kiwi berry, effectively improves the degree of mechanization, reduces labor, effectively increases soil carbon sink, and effectively improves economic income of an orchard area.

The invention relates to the field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method. Idle land is deep plowed, inorganic adsorbents, chelating agents and biological adsorbents are uniformly applied, the land is leveled and properly irrigated, and the treated land is idled for four to six months and then can be used for planting again. The method is short in soil improvement period, rapid in effect, moderate in improvement cost and high in land applicability. The method has the advantages that soil pollution states can be rapidly improved, heavy metal pollution improvement effects are the best, soil permeability water-retaining properties are improved, soil carbon sink is increased, pesticide residues and heavy metal of soil are degraded to meet organic planting requirements, organic conversion of the soil can be rapidly finished, the soil improvement period is short, the effects are rapid, cost can be controlled, organic planting standards can be met basically within six months, bad conditions of the soil are improved, the quality of planted food is directly changed, and fitness of people is benefited.

The invention discloses a system and a method for large-range soil carbon flux monitoring, wherein the system includes at least one wireless sensor node; the wireless sensor node includes a hardware system and a software system; and the hardware system includes circuit elements and mechanical elements. The system is characterized in that the circuit elements include at least one wireless sensor network access module; the wireless sensor network access module includes a micro-control unit and a wireless transceiver; the circuit elements also include at least one CO2 sensor measuring module; the CO2 sensor measuring module includes at least one infrared CO2 sensor; the circuit elements also include at least one main control circuit; and the main control circuit includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, a CO2 sensor drive circuit and an electric motor drive circuit. The method includes the step of network access of remote equipment. The system and the method for large-range soil carbon flux monitoring can realize large-scale, quick and concentrated node deployment, has high measuring precision, high measuring speed, is highly automatic, networked and intelligent, and has wide application prospect in the fields as scientific research, business and social management.

The invention relates to the multidisciplinary fields such as soil microbiology, soil chemistry, ecology, molecular biology, environmental science, physical geography, global climate change and the like, and specifically provides equipment for determining field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram, and a method for determining field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram by using the equipment. With the equipment and the method of the present invention, the field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram can be successfully determined, the determining is rapid and convenient, and the equipment and the methodcan be used for the research on the influence of roots, litter falls, soil animals, biological pores and the like on the activity of extracellular enzymes related to soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.