916 results about "Field soil" patented technology

The invention relates to a soil improvement technology and an environment protection technology and particularly discloses a biochar mixing type protected horticultural vegetable field soil heavy metal passivant and a preparation method thereof. The soil heavy metal passivant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50 to 60 percent of biochar, 5 to 10 percent of medical stone powder, 5 to 10 percent of diatomite powder, 10 to 20 percent of lignite and 10 to 20 percent of coal ash. The preparation method for the soil heavy metal passivant comprises the following steps of: mixing the medical stone powder which is screened by an 80-mesh sieve, the diatomite powder which is screened by an 80-mesh sieve, the lignite, and the coal ash which is screened by an 80-mesh sieve, uniformly stirring, mixing with biochar which is screened by a 20-mesh sieve, fully stirring, and mixing uniformly to prepare the soil heavy metal passivant. The soil heavy metal passivant is easy to prepare; and the effects of passivating the protected horticultural vegetable field soil heavy metal, and reducing the content of recyclable heavy metal of plant in soil can be achieved under the synergistic effects of all components.

The invention discloses a farmland soil information collecting system, comprising a field induction node, a route node, a field WSN-GPRS gateway and a data management server; wherein, the field induction node senses the soil information by a soil parameter sensor and transmits the soil information to a WSN-GPRS gateway by other field sensor nodes and / or route nodes, the route node is used for transmitting the soil information which is sent by the field sensor nodes, the field WSN-GPRS gateway is used for filtrating, compressing and tidying the soil information data and sending the data to a data management server, and the data management server is used for receiving, memorizing and analyzing the data sent by the field WSN-GPRS gateway and communicates with a WEB visiting terminal and / or a mobile access terminal. The invention also discloses a field soil information collecting method. Compared with the prior art, the method and the system have the advantages of strong real-time characteristic, simple arrangement, high measurement precision, large gained data quantity and the like.

The invention discloses a Pseudomonas stutzeri JSD-008 and degradation for organophosphorus pesticide, which is preserved in the 'Chinese germ management committee center (CGMCC)' with preservation number at CGMCC No.1738, wherein the strain is separated from the soil at pollution discharge pore of pesticide processing plant polluted by organophosphorus pesticide; the thallus and ferment liquid with the thallus can be degradation agent of organophosphorus pesticide to degrade the chlorpyrifos into trichlopyridinenol and methyl parathion into nitrophenol; fitting for rapid in-situ rehabilitation polluted by field soil pesticide.

The invention discloses a negative pressure osmosis test device which comprises a base, a soil sample ring, a porous permeable stone, a water storage container, an electronic balance, a vacuum pump, a pressure gauge and a sealed container, wherein the soil sample is arranged in the cylindrical soil sample ring, the upper end of a sample is connected with the water storage container, and the bottom end of the sample is connected with the sealed container and the vacuum pump; a pressure difference is formed at two ends of the soil sample through vacuum-pumping, and water seeps in the soil sample under the action of the pressure difference; an osmotic coefficient of the soil sample can be obtained through calculating the amount of water passing though the soil sample in unit time; a load applying piston at the upper end of the sample can apply vertical load so as to solidify the soil; osmosis tests of different solidifying pressures can be performed to simulate the seepage of the practical field soil under different stress environments; the osmosis test can be directly performed on the prepared soil sample. Therefore, the test device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, quick and convenient test, and obviously shortened test time, and is particularly suitable for the osmosis test of low-osmosis soil samples.

The present invention is one kind of soil improving agent for vegetable plot and its preparation process and application, and belongs to the field of soil improving microbe preparation technology. The soil improving agent consists of turf, diatomite, microbe preparation, peanut cake and fly ash, and its microbe preparation includes Bacillus subtilis fermenting liquid, actimomycetale fermenting liquid and trichoderma fermenting liquid in the weight ratio of 1 to 0.5-3.5 to 0.5-6. It is applied to soil after being mixed in the field, can improve soil, and raise crop yield and quality obviously.

The invention provides a method for restoring heavy metal pollution of vegetable field soil with an in-situ passivation method. The method comprises the step of applying sepiolite and monocalcium phosphate in the vegetable field soil to be restored according to the proportions of 3-9 percent and 0.25 percent of the dry soil according to the specific pollution condition and mixing evenly the sepiolite and monocalcium. The invention reasonably uses passivation materials of sepiolite and monocalcium, remarkably reduces the bioavailability and transferability of the soil heavy metal by reactions of absorption, complexation and precipitation, and the like between the sepiolite and monocalcium and the heavy metal element, simultaneously improves the self-cleaning capacity of the soil, improves the soil fertility condition so as to produce high-quality and high-yield vegetables and restore the ecological function and industrial function of the vegetable field soil. The invention has the advantages of wide material source, simple use method, low cost, favorable restoring effect, wide application range, no secondary pollution and favorable ecological benefits and economical benefits.

The invention discloses a data assimilation method for monitoring soil moisture. The method provided by the invention at least comprises an assimilation cycle, and each assimilation cycle comprises the following steps: (1) an ecological process model serves as a dynamic model to stimulate the space distribution state of soil moisture every day, the initial value in the dynamic model is an initial parameter and an initial soil moisture data, and the dynamic model is operated to output simulative soil moisture data; remotely sensed data on the soil surface is performed with inversion to obtain surface layer soil moisture data; the simulative soil moisture data in the remotely sensed data corresponding date is combined with the surface layer soil moisture data obtained by remotely sensed data inversion for data assimilation so as to obtain an optimized ecological process model parameter; (2) the optimized parameter is substituted into the dynamic model in step (1) to operate the dynamic model so as to obtain simulative soil moisture data every day. The method provided by the invention can connect soil moisture variety with vegetable physiological response mechanism by water deficit and stress, which improves the precision of field soil moisture monitoring and drought evaluation and has important application prospect.

The invention provides a composite passivator applicable to rice field soil cadmium pollution. The composite passivator is mainly prepared from chitosan, sodium bentonite, bone meal, lime, charcoal, ZnO and nanometer FeO. The invention further provides a preparation method and application of the composite passivator. By means of the composite passivator, the available cadmium content in rice and the cadmium content in rice can be remarkably reduced, the soil pH value can be improved, vast rice soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium can be treated, the organic matter content is greatly improved, and the soil biology-chemical characteristic is improved.

A soil moisture wireless measuring device comprises two parts, namely a wireless sensing device and a wireless setting device which is connected with the wireless sensing device and is used for detection operation. The wireless sensing device which is used to measure soil water content, soil temperature and soil compactness comprises an impedance converter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an information acquisition device, a second wireless communication module and a CPU processor. The wireless setting device which is designed as a hand held type instrument comprises a central controller, and a keyboard input module, a display module, a memory module and a first wireless communication module respectively connected with the central controller. The impedance converter consists of three parts, namely a signal source, a transmission line and a probe. The soil moisture wireless measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages that: the device is capable of measuring the soil temperature, soil compactness and soil water content simultaneously; the device has the performances of high bandwidth, high linearity and low power consumption; the device facilitates the realization of the real-time detection of field soil water content with brief design, simple operation and portability.

The invention relates to a sensor control device and belongs to the field of soil moisture measuring and automatic monitoring. In order to realize site unmanned operation and automatic acquisition and transmission of fully-automatic soil profile moisture data, a soil moisture monitoring device provided by the invention comprises a control device, a sensor moving device and a control system, wherein the sensor moving device is used for driving a sensor which is connected with the sensor moving device to vertically move upwards; and the control system is connected with the sensor moving device and used for controlling the sensor moving device to automatically act in a preset method. Besides, the invention also provides a soil moisture monitoring device which comprises the control device. The soil moisture monitoring device provided by the invention has extreme application benefit for field soil monitoring, particularly under the influences of severe environment and weather, and still can successfully finish data acquisition without manual site operation.

The invention discloses a heavy metal passivator for vegetable field soil. The components of the heavy metal passivator comprise burnt lime, organic fertilizer for heavy metal removal and expanded perlite. The selected expanded perlite has the particle diameter ranging from 0.5 to 1.5cm preferentially. The heavy metal passivator for vegetable field soil provided by the invention passivate heavy metals, which mainly include plumbum, cadimium, chrome, copper, zinc, and the like, causing mild contamination in the vegetable field soil so that safe vegetable products can be produced on the soil slightly contaminated, the ecological function and industry function of the vegetable field soil can be recovered; therefore, the quality and the merchantability of the vegetables are improved. The materials selected for the invention are all common and easy to prepare and have low cost, which is convenient for being popularized. Experiments prove that the heavy metal passivator has extremely remarkable passivation effect on heavy metals as well as has very favorable ecological and economic benefits.

The invention relates to a special charcoal-based slow release compound fertilizer for tobaccos and a preparation method of the compound fertilizer, and aims at overcoming the technical difficulty of overquick nutrient release of an existing fertilizer. The slow release fertilizer is prepared by performing processes of stirring, drying, granulating and the like on tobacco stalk biomass charcoal, a nitrogen phosphorus and potassium three-component compound fertilizer and the like as raw materials. The slow release fertilizer has the effects and the potentials of improving the physical and chemical properties and the microbial activity of tobacco field soil and increasing the carbon sequestration potential of the soil, and can add soil organic matters, increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil, add granular structures, prevent soil hardening and improve the hydrothermal condition of the soil; the tobacco stalk biomass charcoal can delay the nutrient release of the fertilizer in the tobacco field soil, match the fertilizer nutrient release with a fertilizer demand rule of tobacco stalks, reduce the nutrient loss and increase the utilization rate of the fertilizer; the used raw materials are wide in source, low in price and easily available, the production cost is low, and the ecological high-valued utilization of agricultural wastes is facilitated; in addition, the preparation method of the compound fertilizer is easy, convenient to operate and favorable for large-range popularization.

The invention belongs to the planting technology of crops and relates to a method for treating the soil of a continuous cropping field of greenhouse strawberry. The method includes the following steps: a. plants are pulled out as soon as the harvest of the greenhouse strawberry is finished during May to July every year and ground surface covering materials like black plastic film, etc. are removed; b. green bran, the glume of which is removed, is scattered, the amount is 500-750 kg per mu, and the rice bran is evenly mixed into the soil by adopting mechanical and manual method for intertillage weeding; c. surrounding ditches around the greenhouse and the interior of the greenhouse are fully irrigated with water, and the soil in the greenhouse becomes saturated by absorbing water; d. the field surface in the greenhouse is covered with undamaged plastic film, the soil around the plastic film is firmly pressed to prevent air from entering until August to September when strawberry is to be planted. The method can eliminate the obstacle of continuous cropping of strawberry, causes no pollution to the environment, and provides better organic fertilizer for the growth of strawberry, thus having good comprehensive economic benefit.

The invention is concerned with complex improvement method for farm soil and vegetation to salina. It carries the improvement about the soil with 0.4 m thickness, relating to cutting piece, digging main pouring blind drain and branch pouring blind drain channel, making small square farmland filled with clear arsenolite, backfill soil and return to even, beat sand hole, making fall of slope, wash salt and eject salt, fertilization and tillage deeply. The improvement soil is fit for all kinds of crop, greensward and perennial flowers, and forms the soil for foodstuff crop, plant with shallow root and flowers. Its investment is low and the amount of a unit of area is at least 5000, and the improvement fee reduces greatly and it adds the plant area of farm and enhances the output of foodstuff and vegetable. It protects the soil resource to add the area of foodstuff planting, and it is an economic, extensive, simple and indirect technology for agricultural salina.

The invention discloses an intelligent efficient water fertilizer and pesticide integrated system. The intelligent efficient water fertilizer and pesticide integrated system comprises a field information monitoring system, an irrigation system, a fertilizer applying system, a pesticide applying system and a mixing system, wherein the field information monitoring system is used for monitoring and sending field soil information, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located to an image collection control cabinet and a parameter collection control cabinet; the irrigation system is used for introducing water in a water storage tank into cropland, conducting irrigation with water fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer applying system through an irrigation fertilizer applying pipe, conducting irrigation with the pesticide liquid output by the pesticide applying system through a high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipe, or conducting irrigation with mixed liquid output by the mixing system through a water fertilizer pesticide integrated pipe. The intelligent efficient water fertilizer and pesticide integrated system adopts a twice mixing mode, the water fertilizer liquid and the pesticide liquid are mixed online in real time in a mixed tank and then enter a mixing cavity of the mixed liquid to be mixed for the second time, and thus the intelligent efficient water fertilizer and pesticide integrated system has advantage in fertilizer and pesticide mixing efficiency.

The invention discloses an ecological fish farming method in a rice field, which comprises the following steps of rice field preparation, rice field transformation, fish farming facility preparation, rice seedling transplantation, biosorption, rice field disinfection, irrigation, fertilization, stocking fish seed selection, stocking fish fry disinfection, stocking and feeding management, wherein annular field fish ditches dug through the rice field transformation are V-shaped ditches arranged on the inner sides of ridges around the rice field; the biosorption utilizes a biosorption agent to adsorb heavy metal in rice field soil and irrigation water; and stocking fish seeds are selected from eight-beard catfishes. The invention further discloses rice produced by rice plants planted in the rice field using the ecological fish farming method. According to the method and the rice, an effective usable area of the rice field is increased significantly; pollution of the heavy metal such as lead and cadmium is reduced; integral benefits of fish farming in the rice field are improved; the ecological rice contains rich protein, more microelements such as iron, magnesium and calcium, and vitamin C, has no chemical pesticide residual, and is green and environment-friendly; and the content of the heavy metal such as lead and cadmium is very low.

The invention discloses a geotechnical model test system based on macro-micro mechanics as well as an elaboration test method. The test system analyzes and processes shot digital images in a model test box in real time through two analysis systems in a computer. The test method organically integrates an indoor model test, field soil observation analysis of foundation soil, partial microscopic observation analysis, numerical value simulation of microscopic mechanics and continuous-discrete coupled numerical value simulation. The invention is suitable for the test research of geotechnical engineering such as building engineering, road engineering, bridge engineering, harbor engineering, river-coast engineering and coastal engineering, can solve common engineering problems and can upgrade the understanding level and the research level to important key problems, such as the influence on extreme environmental conditions of key project construction projects and engineering catastrophes, andthe like.

The invention discloses a lead-cadmium compound conditioner for rice field soil as well as preparation and application methods of the lead-cadmium compound conditioner. The conditioner is composed of the raw materials in mass fractions: 30-50% of calcium carbonate, 5-10% of hydroxyapatite, 20-30% of sepiolite and 20-30% of zeolite; the preparation of the conditioner comprises the following steps of: weighing various raw materials according to the mass fractions of the components of the lead-cadmium compound conditioner; continuously stirring the various raw materials in a stirring device for at least 30 min, and thoroughly stirring and evenly mixing all the materials; and the method of application of the conditioner comprises the following steps of: (1) analyzing the total quantity of lead and cadmium in the rice field and the content of lead and cadmium in exchange state; (2) determining the pollution level of the rice field soil by using an evaluation model; (3) applying the lead-cadmium compound conditioner according to the lead-cadmium pollution level in the rice field, and applying the lead-cadmium compound conditioner to the slightly polluted rice field at 100-150 kg / mu, to the mildly polluted rice field by 150-300 kg / mu and to medium-polluted rice field at 300-600 kg / mu, and balancing and stabilizing for 10-15 days; and (4) analyzing and measuring the content of lead and cadmium in exchange state in the rice field, and if the fixed rate is lower than 90%, additionally applying the conditioner at 100-150 kg / mu.

The invention relates to a tobacco field soil improving method. The method comprises the following steps: green manure is applied to soil, the green manure is ploughed down 30-45d before next year tobacco seedling transplantation, and biomass charcoal is applied to soil 15-20d after the green manure is ploughed down. The green manure and the biomass charcoal are combined to restore tobacco field soil, so the content of organic matters in soil is improved, the water retention property of the soil is improved, the growth of roots in the earlier growing stage of tobacco plants is promoted, and early and fast growth of the tobacco plants is promoted; and the method also has the advantages of increase of the content of tobacco leaves, increase of the proportion of high-and-middle tobacco leaves, increase of the output value of the tobacco leaves, improvement of the quality of the tobacco leaves, coordination of chemical components, increase of the fragrance and the oil content of the tobacco leaves, improvement of the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves, reduction of the application amount of chemical fertilizers, and improvement of the utilization rate of the fertilizers.

The invention relates to a method of plant recovering and agriculture safe utilization for cadmium-polluted vegetable field soil, in particular to a method of producing while repairing for a cadmium-polluted vegetable field. The method comprises planting green Chinese onions with low cadmium accumulation and cadmium-hyperaccumulator plants of nightshade in an intercropping mode on the cadmium-polluted soil, and after the green Chinese onions with low cadmium accumulation and the cadmium-hyperaccumulator plants of nightshade are fully grown, respectively removing the entire plants from the cadmium-polluted soil so as to achieve the aim of removing a pollutant of cadmium in the soil and simultaneously harvesting the green Chinese onions with low cadmium accumulation to serve as pollution-free vegetables. The harvested green Chinese onions meet the requirements of our country for food sanitation so as to be safely consumed. By means of the steps, a recovering and utilizing period is completed. According to the method of producing while recovering for the cadmium-polluted vegetable field, large amount of cadmium is taken away from the cadmium-polluted soil by utilizing the cadmium-hyperaccumulator plants, the polluted soil is recovered while the green Chinese onions meeting the sanitation standards of our country are produced, and the polluted soil can be safely utilized.

The invention discloses a special organic tea seed cake fertilizer for paddy rice and relates to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers. The organic tea seed cake fertilizer is prepared by the tea seed cake, bagasse, straw, an EM (effective microorganisms) microbial agent, a strain modifier, a poiser and a seaweed essence. The manufacturing steps comprise mixing of to-be-fermented materials, fermentation, air-curing and drying, pulverizing, mixing, granulation and the like. A product of the special organic tea seed cake fertilizer has the characteristics that the soil structure is improved, the effective microbial community of the soil is increased, diseases are resisted, insects are killed, and the like, and the heavy metal content of rice field soil and paddy rice can be also reduced.

The invention relates to a method for processing a soft soil foundation of a high vacuum drainage filter pipe capable of being grouted, comprising the following steps of: sinking the high vacuum vertical drainage filter pipe: putting a plate machine in place, installing a traction device of the high vacuum vertical drainage filter pipe in a pile pipe of the plate machine, sinking in place, and lifting the pile pipe of the plate machine; pre-pressing and draining the high vacuum vertical drainage filter pipe: arranging a vacuum pipeline system, draining and pre-pressing the high vacuum vertical drainage filter pipe and then downloading in a vacuum way; and grouting the high vacuum vertical drainage filter pipe: trying to grout so as to determine pressure and single-hole grouting quantity of double grouting processes, grouting cement paste firstly, grouting cement mortar secondarily, and compositely maintaining the foundation. By means of the method, the disadvantages, such as continuous secondary solidification and sedimentation of post-construction field soil, damages of the foundation and the structure and high maintenance cost, can be solved; the vacuum transfer loss is reduced;the secondary hole-forming cost is reduced; the property of soft soil is changed; the bearing capacity of the field soil is improved; and the sedimentation and deformation effects can be reduced.

The invention discloses colorful purple gold oil drop ware and a preparation method thereof. The colorful purple gold oil drop ware comprises a green body and glaze; the green body is prepared from the following components in part by weight: 30-40 parts of kaolin, 50-55 parts of loess, 10-12 parts of field soil, 2-3 parts of plant ash and 3-5 parts of potash feldspar; and the glaze is prepared from the following components in part by weight: 38-43 parts of undressed ore glaze stones, 8-10 parts of iron oxide red, 0.5-0.8 part of plant ash, 10-12 parts of limestone, 18-20 parts of potash feldspar and 0.5-1 part of loess. The colorful purple gold oil drop ware and the preparation method thereof, disclosed by the invention, have the benefits that a reasonable formula is obtained at a scientific ratio; the high-grade purple gold oil drop ware is finally obtained by adopting an innovative firing method; the ware is small in quantity of pinholes on the glaze, thorough in crystallization, strong in crystal three-dimensional sensation and bulky and colorful in oil drop, is based on purple gold and shines with colorful luster, thereby having strong artistic sense of beauty.

The invention discloses an optical fiber type field soil organic matter content fast detector, comprising an optical path module and a control module connected with the optical path module, wherein the optical path module comprises a photoelectric detector, an optical fiber, a probe, a near-infrared light emitting diode and a drive circuit, the optical fiber comprises a light input end, a reflected light measurement end and a soil detection end, the light input end is connected with the photoelectric detector, the reflected light measurement end is connected with the photoelectric detector, the soil detection end is connected with the probe, the control module comprises a signal amplification unit, a A / D conversion unit, a control unit, a display unit and a memory unit, the signal amplification unit is connected with the photoelectric diode and the A / D conversion unit, the control unit is connected with the A / D conversion unit, the display unit and the memory unit. The invention has the advantages that the optical fiber type field soil organic matter content fast detector avoids the natural limits such as weather, is portable, and can real-timely, quickly and accurately measure soil organic matter content and quickly store mass data.

The invention discloses a portable field multi-parameter measuring device. The portable field multi-parameter measuring device is used for measuring soil compactness, soil temperature, soil moisture,a distance, a weight and an inclination angle. Problems that an existing field soil measuring device has a single function and low measurement efficiency are solved. The device comprises a measuring host machine, a connecting rod, an exploration rod and a weighing hook. The measuring host machine comprises a position-convertible handle, a bubble level, a tension and pressure sensor, an inclinationangle sensor, a laser distance measuring module, a Bluetooth data transmission module, a satellite positioning module, a liquid crystal display screen and a measuring circuit board. Annular metal electrodes are arranged on the exploration rod at intervals. The portable field multi-parameter measuring device can be used for realizing multi-parameter measurement when being used for a field experiment, has high efficiency and a simple structure, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly and meets the demand of agricultural production and scientific research.

The invention relates to an agricultural waste recycling technology and a soil fertilizer technology, in particular to a blended facility vegetable field soil conditioner taking charcoal as a matrix and a preparation method thereof. The blended facility vegetable field soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60 to 80 percent of charcoal, 5 to 15 percent of medical stone powder, 5 to 15 percent of zeolite powder and 5 to 15 percent of lime nitrogen. The method for preparing the soil conditioner comprises the following steps of: mixing and stirring the medical stone powder which is sieved with a 60-mesh sieve, the zeolite powder which is sieved with a 60-mesh sieve and the granular lime nitrogen uniformly, mixing the mixture with the charcoal, and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil conditioner. The method is simple and pollution-free, the volume weight of soil can be reduced, the buffer performance of the soil can be improved, the utilization rate of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus can be improved, and an effect of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is achieved.

The invention discloses a rice field soil cadmium-arsenic synchronous passivator and a preparation method and application thereof. The passivator contains three layers structures from inside to outside, and each layer is provided with an independent coating film; the innermost layer is a hydrogen ion chemical consumption agent, the middle layer is a reaction accelerator humus substance, and the outermost layer is a mineralization precursor; the hydrogen ion chemical consumption agent is nitrate and peroxide; the reaction accelerator humus substance is more than one or more than two of peat soil, humic acid, fulvic acid, humin, yellow humic acid, nitrohumic humic acid and black humic acid; and the mineralization precursor is reducing iron powder, ferrous salt and / or solid ferrous ore. According to the cadmium-arsenic synchronous passivator with the three-layer film structure, effective components can be slowly released into the soil, the effect can be fully played, so that violent reaction or agglomeration of the components is avoided, the passivation efficiency is improved, the content of cadmium and arsenic in the heavy metal of the rice can be effectively reduced, and the standard production of the rice field in the medium and light pollution can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for measuring instantaneous three-dimensional soil air permeability and a measuring device. The device is characterized by comprising an air supply part, a measuring pipe part and an air pressure gauge part, wherein the measuring pipe part comprises a cylindrical measuring pipe (8) which is provided with a rubber stopper (7); the rubber stopper (7) is provided with an air guide pipe (6); the air guide pipe (6) is connected with a tee joint (5); the air supply part is connected with a branch pipe of the tee joint (5) of the measuring pipe part through a hose; the air pressure gauge part is connected with another branch pipe of the tee joint (5) of the measuring pipe part through a hose; and each connecting part is airtight. In the measuring method, an instantaneous three-dimensional soil air permeability measuring method is established on the basis of an equivalent depth principle by analyzing a boundary condition and a computing model for measuring soil stable one-dimensional and three-dimensional air permeability as well as instantaneous one-dimensional air permeability. By adopting the method, the soil air permeability can be measured under instantaneous and three-dimensional conditions, the measuring process of in-situ measurement of field soil air permeability is simplified, and the measuring efficiency is increased.

The invention discloses a direct shear tester for field undisturbed soils, which comprises a shear device, a vertical loading device and a horizontal loading device, wherein the shear device comprises a lower shear box and an upper shear box arranged on the lower shear box in a sliding fit mode; the vertical loading device comprises a loading container I and a force transmission component I for carrying out vertical loading on soil bodies; and the horizontal loading device comprises a loading container II and a force transmission component II for carrying out horizontal loading on the upper shear box; and when in use, the upper shear box and the lower shear box are sleeved around the tested undisturbed soils, then just enough soils and rocks are arranged around the lower shear box so as to fix the lower shear box, the loading container I and the loading container II are respectively filled with field soils and rocks, and shear strength testing is performed on the field undisturbed soils so as to determine the shear stresses of the undisturbed soils under different vertical pressures, thereby deeply learning the changing rule of some mechanical properties of the undisturbed soils so as to provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the stability of a later-stage waste disposal site and designing the emission scheme of chats.