653 results about "Reduction potential" patented technology

An oxidative reduction potential water solution that is stable for at least twenty-four hours. The invention also relates to an ORP water solution comprising anode water and cathode water. Another aspect of the invention is an apparatus for producing an ORP water solution comprising at least two electrolysis cells, wherein each cell comprises an anode chamber, cathode chamber and salt solution chamber located between the anode and cathode chambers, wherein the anode chamber is separated from the salt solution chamber by an anode electrode and a first membrane, and the cathode chamber is separated from the salt solution chamber by a cathode electrode and a second membrane.

Provided is an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least twenty-four hours and methods of using the solution. The present invention provides a method of preventing or treating a condition in a patient, which method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of the ORP water solution. Additionally provided is a method of treating impaired or damaged tissue, which method comprises contacting the tissue with a therapeutically effective amount of the ORP water solution. Further provided is a method of disinfecting a surface, which method comprises contacting the surface with an anti-infective amount of the ORP water solution.

Disclosed is a method for producing core-shell type metallic nanoparticles involving (i) providing a dispersion of a first metal as nanoparticles in an appropriate organic solvent; (ii) providing a solution of a metallic precursor containing a second metal in an appropriate organic solvent, in which the second metal has a reduction potential higher than that of the first metal; and (iii) combining the dispersion from (i) and the solution from (ii) together to carry out the transmetalation reaction of the first and second metals, thereby forming core-shell type metallic nanoparticles.

Provided is a method for treating or preventing peritonitis by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least about twenty-four hours. The ORP water solution administered in accordance with the invention can be combined with one or more suitable carriers and can be administered in conjunction with one or more additional therapeutic agents. Further provided is a method for preventing peritoneal hemorrhage, adhesions and abscesses.

The invention relates to an electronic device comprising a layer structure of organic layers, wherein said layer structure comprises a p-n-junction between an n-type doped organic layer provided as an organic matrix material doped with an n-type dopant and a p-type doped organic layer provided as a further organic matrix material doped with a p-type dopant, and wherein the n-type dopant and the p-type dopant both are molecular dopants, a reduction potential of the p-type dopant is equal or larger than about 0 V vs. Fc / Fc+, and an oxidation potential of the n-type dopant is equal or smaller than about −1.5 V vs. Fc / Fc+.

A method of using a metal complex as an n-dopant for doping an organic semiconducting matrix material in order to alter the latter's electrical characteristics is provided. In order to provide n-doped organic semiconductors with matrix materials having a low reduction potential, while achieving high conductivities, the n-dopant is a neutral electron-rich metal complex with a neutral or charged transition metal atom as a central atom and having at least 16 valence electrons. The complex can be polynuclear and can possess at least one metal-metal bond. At least one ligand can form a π complex with the central atom, which can be a bridge ligand, or it can contain at least one carbanion-carbon atom or a divalent atom. Methods for providing the novel n-dopants are provided.

Disclosed is a method for producing core-shell type metallic nanoparticles involving (i) providing a dispersion of a first metal as nanoparticles in an appropriate organic solvent; (ii) providing a solution of a metallic precursor containing a second metal in an appropriate organic solvent, in which the second metal has a reduction potential higher than that of the first metal; and (iii) combining the dispersion from (i) and the solution from (ii) together to carry out the transmetalation reaction of the first and second metals, thereby forming core-shell type metallic nanoparticles.

A tandem OLED includes an anode and a cathode. The OLED also includes at least two electroluminescent units disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein each of the electroluminescent units includes at least one hole -transporting layer and one organic light-emitting layer. An intermediate connector is disposed between adjacent electroluminescent units, wherein the intermediate connector includes an n-doped organic layer and an electron-accepting layer, the electron-accepting layer being disposed closer to the cathode than the n-doped organic layer, and wherein the electron-accepting layer includes one or more organic materials, each having a reduction potential greater than −0.5 V vs. a Saturated Calomel Electrode, and wherein the one or more organic materials constitute more than 50% by volume of the electron-accepting layer.

Provided is a method for preventing or treating inflammation and associated states (e.g. infection, hypersensitivity, pain) by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least about twenty-four hours. The ORP water solution administered in accordance with the invention can be combined with one or more suitable carriers and can be administered in conjunction with one or more additional therapeutic agents.

Provided is a method of treating skin ulcers and related complications in patients by administering an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least twenty-four hours.

A new fuel composition useful for catalytic fuel cells is made up of at least two components. The primary fuel component is a surface active compound, such as methanol, that is a source of and acts to prevent unwanted decomposition of the auxiliary fuel. The auxiliary fuel is a hydrogen-containing inorganic compound with a high reduction potential, such as NaBH4, which acts as a highly reactive source of energy and serves to catalyze the catalytic oxidation of the primary fuel.

An OLED includes an anode, a light-emitting layer disposed over the anode, and a first electron-injecting layer disposed over the light-emitting layer, wherein the first electron-injecting layer includes at least one organic host material having a reduction potential less than −1.0 V vs. a Saturated Calomel Electrode and at least one dopant material capable of reducing the organic host material. The OLED also includes a second electron-injecting layer disposed in contact with the first electron-injecting layer, wherein the second electron-injecting layer includes at least one organic material having a reduction potential greater than −1.0 V vs. a Saturated Calomel Electrode, and a cathode disposed over the second electron-injecting layer.

A topical formulation containing an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution and a thickening agent that is stable for at least twenty-four hours. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical dosage form comprising (1) a formulation for topical administration comprising an oxidative reductive potential water solution and a thickening agent and (2) a sealed container, wherein the formulation is stable for at least twenty-four hours. The invention further provides a method for treating or preventing a condition in a patient comprising topically administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of a formulation comprising an oxidative reductive potential solution and a thickening agent, wherein the formulation is stable for at least twenty-four hours.

Provided is a method for preventing or treating sinusitis by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least about twenty-four hours. The ORP water solution administered in accordance with the invention can be combined with one or more suitable carriers. The ORP water solution can be administered alone or, e.g., in combination with one or more additional therapeutic agents.

Metallic nanoparticles and processes for forming metallic nanoparticles. In one aspect, the invention is to a process for forming nanoparticles comprising the step of heating a solution comprising a first metal precursor and a nucleating agent (e.g., nucleate nanoparticles or a nucleate precursor) in the presence of a base under conditions effective to form the nanoparticles. The first metal precursor preferably comprises a cationic metal species having a low reduction potential. The invention is also to a nanoparticle or plurality of nanoparticles, each nanoparticle comprising a core having a largest dimension less than about 10 nm; and a metal layer substantially surrounding the core and having a largest dimension less than about 200 nm.

A solid-state imaging device includes: a pixel array unit wherein a unit pixel group with a portion of elements of a unit pixel being shared with a plurality of unit pixels is arrayed in a matrix form, the unit pixel having a detecting unit, a pixel signal generating unit, a transfer unit to transfer the charge, and an initializing unit to initialize the potential of the pixel signal generating unit; and a driving control unit; wherein the driving control unit controls blooming reduction potential which is the transfer control potential supplied to the transfer unit of the unit pixel to be thinned, so that the overflow charge at the detecting unit with the unit pixel to be thinned which has no shared relation with the unit pixel to be read transitions to a state readily transferable to the pixel signal generating unit side of the unit pixel to be thinned.

A composition for removing resists and etching residue from substrates containing at least one nucleophilic amine compound having oxidation and reduction potentials, at least one organic solvent, water and, optionally, a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent is preferred to be included since it provides added stability and activity to the cleaning composition so that the composition has long term effectiveness. If a chelating agent is not present, the composition, while providing for adequate stripping and cleaning upon initial use of the composition following mixing, has only short term stability. In this latter instance, the nucleophilic amine compound and organic solvent components of the composition preferably are maintained separate from each other until it is desired to use the composition. Thereafter, the components are combined. Following use of the composition, the non-used portion of the composition can be disposed of or be reactivated by the addition of a chelating agent.

The present invention relates to a composition and to a display device having the composition positioned between electrodes. The composition contains: (a) a compound that undergoes a reversible redox reaction to generate a pH gradient between the two electrodes, (b) an indicator dye, (c) a charge transport material, and optionally, (d) a matrix material and (e) an opacifier, and (f) secondary redox couple wherein components (a), (b), and (c) are different from one another and the standard reduction potential of component (a) is less than the standard reduction potential for the other components. Depending on the electric field present between the electrodes, a display image may be generated.

Methods of using oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution that is stable for at least twenty-four hours in dental applications are provided. The ORP water solution can be administered to patients for the routine disinfection of the oral cavity as part of an on-going program of oral hygiene. The ORP water solution can further be used to irrigate and / or disinfect oral tissues and surfaces during dental procedures, oral surgery, or maxillo-facial surgery. Also, the ORP water solution can be administered to treat patients with damage to the oral tissues caused by disease or surgery.

A system and process for de-halogenating ballast water before releasing the ballast water from the vessel. In one embodiment, the system comprises a means for measuring the halogen content of the ballast water, a reducing agent source in fluid communication with the ballast water, and a means for controlling the amount of reducing agent supplied to the ballast water. In one aspect, the means for measuring the halogen content comprises one or more oxidation / reduction potential analyzers. In another embodiment, the system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells for generating hypochlorite to treat the ballast water.One embodiment of the process for de-halogenating ballast water comprises measuring the oxidation / reduction potential of the ballast water and adding one or more reducing agents to the ballast water to de-halogenate the ballast water in response to the measured oxidation / reduction potential. In one aspect, the oxidation / reduction potential is modulated so that excess reducing agent is present in the ballast water.

The present invention relates to articles coming into contact with bodily fluids, preferably absorbent articles like sanitary napkins and pantiliners, which comprise an oxidising agent having a reduction potential higher than that of the reaction of Fe<2+> to Fe<3+> togather with a hemolytic agent. In a preferred embodiment the articles further comprise an additional odour control agent.

An organic light-emitting device (OLED) includes an anode, a cathode, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the light-emitting layer includes a dominant host and a dopant. The device also includes an electron-transporting layer disposed in direct contact with the light-emitting layer on the cathode side, wherein the electron-transporting layer includes an electron-transporting material having the same chromophore as that of the dominant host in the light-emitting layer, wherein the electron-transporting material constitutes more than 50% by volume of the electron-transporting layer, and wherein the electron-transporting material has a greater reduction potential than that of the dominant host in the light-emitting layer.

A tandem OLED includes an anode and a cathode. The OLED also includes at least two electroluminescent units disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein each of the electroluminescent units includes at least one hole-transporting layer and one organic light-emitting layer. An intermediate connector is disposed between adjacent electroluminescent units, wherein the intermediate connector includes an n-doped organic layer and an electron-accepting layer, the electron-accepting layer being disposed closer to the cathode than the n-doped organic layer, and wherein the electron-accepting layer includes one or more organic materials, each having a reduction potential greater than −0.5 V vs. a Saturated Calomel Electrode, and wherein the one or more organic materials constitute more than 50% by volume of the electron-accepting layer.

The invention relates to an optical recording material comprising: a polymeric matrix; a dewarbenzene derivative reactant capable of undergoing isomerization to a benzene product upon triplet excitation, thereby causing a change in optical properties; and a sensitizer capable of absorbing actinic radiation to cause triplet energy transfer to said reactant, wherein the algebraic sum of the excitation energy of said sensitizer and its reduction potential is at least 0.05 eV less than the oxidation potential of said reactant, thereby precluding one-electron oxidation of said reactant. The invention further relates to an optical device comprising regional variations in concentrations of reactants and products produced by triplet chain isomerization, thereby providing a pattern of intelligence.

Systems and methods are provided for detecting the presence of an analyte in a sample. A solid state electrochemical sensor can include a redox active moiety having an oxidation and / or reduction potential that is sensitive to the presence of an analyte immobilized over a surface of a working electrode. A redox active moiety having an oxidation and / or reduction potential that is insensitive to the presence of the analyte can be used for reference. Voltammetric measurements made using such systems can accurately determine the presence and / or concentration of the analyte in the sample. The solid state electrochemical sensor can be robust and not require calibration or re-calibration.

The present invention relates to IR-sensitive compositions suitable for the manufacture of printing plates developable on-press. The IR-sensitive compositions comprise a first polymeric binder which does not comprise acidic groups having a pKa value≦8; a second polymeric binder comprising polyether groups; an initiator system; and a free radical polymerizable system comprising at least one member selected from unsaturated free radical polymerizable monomers, free radical polymerizable oligomers and polymers containing C═C bonds in the back bone and / or in the side chain groups. The initiator system includes (i) at least one compound capable of absorbing IR radiation; (ii) at least one compound capable of producing radicals selected from polyhaloalkyl-substituted compounds; and (iii) at least one polycarboxylic acid of formula R4—(CR5R6)r—Y—CH2COOH, wherein oxi<redii+1.6 eV, where oxi=oxidation potential of component (i) in eV, and redii=reduction potential of component (ii) in eV.

The present invention relates to a hydrogel formulation containing an oxidative reduction potential (ORP) water solution and a gelling agent. The invention further provides a method for treating or preventing a condition in a patient comprising topically administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of a hydrogel formulation comprising an oxidative reductive potential solution and a gelling agent. A method for promoting wound healing in a patient is also provided.

A new fuel composition useful for catalytic fuel cells is made up of at least two components. The primary fuel component is a surface active compound, such as methanol, that is a source of and acts to prevent unwanted decomposition of the auxiliary fuel. The auxiliary fuel is a hydrogen-containing inorganic compound with a high reduction potential, such as NaBH4, which acts as a highly reactive source of energy and serves to catalyze the catalytic oxidation of the primary fuel.

A method of surface treatment of a Group III nitride crystal film includes polishing a surface of the Group III nitride crystal film, wherein a pH value x and an oxidation-reduction potential value y (mV) of a polishing liquid used for the polishing satisfy both relationships of y≧−50x+1,000 and y≦−50x+1,900.