1473 results about "Cathode electrode" patented technology

The invention provides an electrochemical active oxygen supply device for a washing machine and a preparation method. The device comprises a shell, a single closed reaction chamber is formed in the shell, a bifunctional anode electrode and a bifunctional cathode electrode are integrated in the reaction chamber, and a compact and uniform reaction area is formed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. When water flows through the reaction area, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and / or hydroxyl radicals (OH) are / is electrochemically generated on the surface in situ by accurately adjusting the electrode potential of the difunctional anode, so that instant generation and instant utilization of active oxygen are realized. The active oxygen directly enters a washing system of the washing machine along with water flow, bacteria, viruses and fungi can be efficiently inactivated under the normal-temperature or low-temperature washing condition without additionally adding chemical disinfectants, organic stains and peculiar smell molecules are synchronously degraded, and green, efficient and intelligent healthy washing is achieved.

The invention belongs to the field of microbial electrochemistry and solid organic waste recycling, and discloses a microbial electrosynthesis enhanced solid wastewater hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion biogas high-value utilization system coupling microbial electrosynthesis, organic solid waste electrochemical-biological synergistic hydrolysis oxidation and anaerobic digestion. The system comprises a cathode chamber and an anode chamber which are separated by an ion exchange membrane, an electrochemical driving device and an anaerobic digestion unit communicated with the anode chamber. And the cathode chamber is provided with a cathode electrode and an anaerobic acetic acid production microbial system and is communicated with biogas generated by anaerobic digestion, so that carbon dioxide in the biogas is reduced at the cathode to generate acetic acid and methane-enriched gas is output. The anode chamber is provided with an anode electrode, organic solid waste and a hydrolytic microorganism system are added, electrochemical-biological synergistic hydrolytic oxidation of the organic solid waste and hydrolysates of the organic solid waste is used as an anode reaction, oxygen evolution is inhibited, and oxygen transmembrane migration is reduced; and the hydrolysate in the anode chamber flows into the anaerobic digestion unit to produce biogas, so that the integrated operation of solid wastewater hydrolysis and biogas upgrading is realized.

The invention discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen production anion exchange membrane electrolytic bath which comprises a bath body, an alkali corrosion resisting anode electrode, an alkali corrosion resisting cathode electrode, an anion exchange membrane and a driving mechanism, the alkali corrosion resisting anode electrode, the alkali corrosion resisting cathode electrode, the anion exchange membrane and the driving mechanism are arranged in the bath body, and the driving mechanism comprises a double-shaft motor, a swing assembly and a reciprocating motion assembly. Wherein the swing assembly realizes the swing of the alkali-corrosion-resistant anode electrode, and the reciprocating motion assembly realizes the reciprocating motion of the alkali-corrosion-resistant cathode electrode. According to the application, the double-shaft motor drives the swing assembly and the reciprocating motion assembly to operate simultaneously, so that the alkali corrosion resisting anode electrode swings, the alkali corrosion resisting cathode electrode reciprocates, electrolyte near the electrodes flows and is disturbed, and the dynamic change breaks a concentration boundary layer of the electrolyte near the surfaces of the electrodes; the migration of ions in the electrolyte to the surface of the electrode and the diffusion of reaction products from the surface of the electrode are accelerated, so that the mass transfer rate is improved, and the electrolytic reaction can be carried out more efficiently.

A display device includes: a substrate including a light emitting area and a non-light emitting area; an anode electrode on the light emitting area of the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the non-light emitting area of the substrate and defining a first opening; a first auxiliary electrode on the pixel defining layer; a light emitting layer on the anode electrode and spaced apart from the first auxiliary electrode; a cathode electrode on the light emitting layer and the first auxiliary electrode; a cathode capping layer on the cathode electrode; a spacer on the cathode capping layer and defining a second opening; and a second auxiliary electrode on the cathode capping layer and the spacer.

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device and method for soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate. The real-time monitoring device comprises a disintegration tank, the disintegration tank is arranged on a base, a water injection pipe with a valve is arranged at the top of the disintegration tank, a water drainage pipe with a valve is arranged at the bottom of the disintegration tank, and a support is arranged above the disintegration tank. The mechanical sensing unit comprises a lifting rope, a lifting hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor and a second tension sensor, and the electrochemical monitoring unit comprises an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a direct-current power supply and a cathode electrode plate which are sequentially connected in series through wires to form a closed monitoring loop. Quantifying the dissolution rate of the cement by monitoring a current signal corresponding to the ion concentration change in the solution; the high-definition camera collects disintegration images in real time and synchronously transmits the disintegration images and sensor data to the server. According to the device, through the combined action of the mechanical sensing unit and the electrochemical monitoring unit, the limitation of single-parameter monitoring is solved, and key data support is provided for stability evaluation of geotechnical engineering.

The utility model relates to a wastewater organic matter low-oxidation removal device utilizing enhanced electrolysis bubbles, which comprises an electrolytic tank, an organic matter collection tank and a surfactant collection tank, a diaphragm for dividing the inside of the electrolytic tank into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber is arranged in the middle of the electrolytic tank, and one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is selected as a wastewater treatment chamber; an anode electrode plate is arranged in the anode chamber, and a cathode electrode plate is arranged in the cathode chamber; a discharge groove is formed in one side of the upper opening of the wastewater treatment chamber, the discharge groove is connected with a first surfactant recovery pipe leading to the surfactant collection tank and a first discharge pipe leading to the organic matter collection tank, and the surfactant collection tank is connected with a surfactant feeding pipe leading to the wastewater treatment chamber. According to the device, electrolysis products (charged bubbles) are energized, organic matters are quickly removed in a low-oxidation manner, and the properties of the organic matters are not damaged, so that few byproducts of the organic matters are generated; meanwhile, compared with direct electrolytic oxidation of organic matters, the adhesion effect of the enhanced charged bubbles is quicker and more energy-saving.

The invention provides a self-humidifying CO2 membrane electrode structure and a preparation method thereof. The self-humidifying CO2 membrane electrode structure comprises an electrolyte isolation plate, the electrolyte isolation plate is provided with an anode side and a cathode side, the anode side is sequentially provided with a cation exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, a current collector and an anode electrode plate, and the cathode side is sequentially provided with an anion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode electrode plate; the anode electrode plate is provided with a first inlet, hydrogen enters the anode electrode plate from the first inlet and is subjected to a hydrogen oxidation reaction under the action of an anode catalyst to generate protons and electrons, and the protons are migrated to the electrolyte isolation plate through the cation exchange membrane; the cathode electrode plate is provided with a second inlet, CO2 gas enters the cathode electrode plate from the second inlet and is subjected to a reduction reaction under the action of a cathode catalyst to generate a reduction product and OH <->, and OH <-> is migrated to the electrolyte isolation plate through the anion exchange membrane to react with protons. The long-term operation stability of the membrane electrode structure is remarkably improved.

The invention provides a cylindrical alkaline water electrolytic bath internally embedded with a spiral band, and belongs to the field of electrolysis. The problem that gas is still accumulated on the surfaces of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode of the alkaline water electrolytic bath is solved. In the structure, a space in a cylindrical tank body is divided into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber by a diaphragm, the anode chamber is close to the center of the cylindrical tank body relative to the cathode chamber, the upper end and the lower end of the cathode chamber are respectively communicated with a cathode gas-liquid outlet and a cathode liquid inlet, and the upper end and the lower end of the anode chamber are respectively communicated with an anode gas-liquid outlet and an anode liquid inlet; the anode electrode is located in the anode chamber, and the cathode electrode is located in the cathode chamber; the spiral band structure comprises a cathode spiral band and an anode spiral band, the two sides of the anode spiral band are in contact with the anode electrode and the diaphragm respectively, the two sides of the cathode spiral band are in contact with the cathode electrode and the diaphragm respectively, the cathode spiral band spirally extends around the outer surface of the diaphragm, and the anode spiral band spirally extends around the outer surface of the anode electrode. And the gas coverage rate of the electrode surface can be reduced.

The present application provides a high-nickel single-crystal cathode material, a preparation method thereof, a cathode electrode sheet, a secondary battery, and an electrical device. The chemical formula of the high-nickel single-crystal cathode material is Li 1+δ Ni x M y Q 1‑x‑y O 2+ε A α R β X γ , 0.8 ≤ x < 1, 0 < y ≤ 0.2, 0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.15, 0 < ε ≤ 0.2, 0 < α ≤ 0.04, 0 < β ≤ 0.04, 0 ≤ γ ≤ 0.04. The M element and the Q element each independently include one or more of Mn, Co, Al, Ta, Ti, Nb, Ge, Y, Nb, W, Zr, Ce, Ca, Sr, Sc, V, Cr, and Mo; the A element includes one or more of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, La, Ce, Sc, and Cr; the R element includes one or more of B and P; the X element includes one or more of Na, K, Mn, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Al; the molar ratio of Ni 3+ on the surface of the high-nickel single-crystal cathode material is 38% - 55%, and the molar ratio of lattice oxygen on the surface is 7% - 15%. The structural defects of the material are significantly reduced, thereby improving its specific capacity and enhancing its cycling performance.

To provide an electrochemical hydrogen booster system in which a regenerated hydrogen gas can be utilized without being discharged to the outside as waste and the decline of a hydrogen production efficiency of the electrochemical hydrogen booster system can be suppressed.SOLUTION: An electrochemical hydrogen booster system 10 comprises: a hydrogen booster stack 16 for releasing a hydrogen gas supplied to an anode electrode as a highly pressured hydrogen gas boosted from a cathode electrode through a polymer electrolyte; a hydrogen supply apparatus 14 for supplying the hydrogen gas to the anode electrode of the hydrogen booster stack 16 through a hydrogen supply flow path 60; a PSA apparatus 22 including multiple adsorption towers 24 for dehumidifying the highly pressurized hydrogen gas released from the hydrogen booster stack 16; and a return flow path 94 for recycling a regenerated hydrogen gas utilized for the regeneration in the adsorption tower 24 into the hydrogen supply flow path 60 or the hydrogen supply apparatus 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A display device includes a bank layer disposed on an emission area of a substrate and comprising at least one metal layer; a pixel defining layer disposed on the bank layer and defining an opening; and a light-emitting element disposed on the pixel defining layer and comprising a light-emitting layer, a cathode electrode, and an auxiliary electrode. The bank layer includes a first side surface facing a non-emission area of the substrate; and a tip portion protruding further toward the non-emission area than the first side surface. A portion of the tip portion of the bank layer facing the non-emission area is inclined in a direction intersecting the substrate.

A display device includes a substrate including a light-emitting area and a non-light-emitting area, a pixel-defining layer at the non-light-emitting area, and defining a first opening, a bank layer above the pixel-defining layer, and defining a second opening, an auxiliary electrode above the bank layer, and entirely covering the bank layer, a first cathode electrode at the light-emitting area, and contacting the auxiliary electrode, and a first quantum dot layer above the first cathode electrode.

The invention provides a method for preparing a positive electrode material, the positive electrode material, a positive electrode plate, a battery and an electric device. The method for preparing the positive electrode material comprises the following steps: mixing, drying and sintering precursor lithium manganese iron phosphate, a carbon source and a doped element source in a solvent to obtain the positive electrode material, the positive electrode material comprises an inner core and a coating layer coating the inner core, the inner core comprises LiMnxFe1-xPO4, and x is more than 0 and less than 1; the coating layer comprises carbon and doping elements; the doping elements comprise one or more of IIA group elements, IIIA group elements, IVA group elements and transition metal elements. According to the method, the powder resistivity and the specific surface area of the positive electrode material are reduced, and the gram volume and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.

A display device may include a substrate including an emission area and a non-emission area, a bank structure positioned on the emission area of the substrate and having an undercut shape, a pixel electrode positioned on the bank structure, a first light emitting layer positioned on the pixel electrode, a first cathode electrode positioned on the first light emitting layer, a first capping layer positioned on the first cathode electrode, a connection electrode positioned on the first capping layer, a pixel defining layer positioned on the non-emission area of the substrate and defining a first opening, an inorganic layer positioned on the pixel defining layer and defining a second opening, and an organic layer positioned on the inorganic layer.

A device for carbon capture from a CO2 containing source includes a cathode compartment including a cathode electrode, an anode compartment including an anode electrode, a middle compartment which includes an ion conducting layer, a cation exchange membrane, and an anion exchange membrane. The middle compartment is separated from the cathode and anode by the anion and cation exchange membranes. A method for carbon capture from a CO2 containing source includes providing the device, supplying the CO2 containing source to the cathode, reacting the CO2 from the source with an electrochemically generated species from the cathode to form a carbon species or directly reducing the CO2 at the cathode to form the carbon species, driving the carbon species to the middle compartment, and reacting, in the middle compartment, the carbon species with an oxidation product from the anode to form an exit product comprising CO2.

A battery cell includes C cathode electrodes, A anode electrodes, and S separators, where A, C, and S are integers. Each of the A anode electrodes includes an annealed aluminum foil layer and a lithium aluminum layer arranged on one side of the annealed aluminum foil layer.

The invention discloses a novel alkaline electrolytic cell which comprises a left end pressing plate, a right end pressing plate, a tensioning screw rod and a plurality of small electrolysis chambers, and each small electrolysis chamber is formed by stacking an electrodeless frame integrated stamping polar plate, a hydrogen side sealing gasket, a cathode electrode, a diaphragm, an anode electrode and an oxygen side sealing gasket; sealing waterlines and protruding structures are arranged on the two sides of the polar plates, the sealing waterlines are matched with the sealing gaskets to achieve sealing, and the protruding structures support the electrodes and optimize the reaction space; the left end pressing plate is respectively provided with a hydrogen side alkali liquor inlet, an oxygen side alkali liquor inlet, a drainage groove and a gas-liquid outlet, the right end pressing plate is provided with a drainage groove, and a hydrogen-oxygen side independent circulation channel is formed by combining a radial inflow / outflow channel of the sealing gasket and an axial hole of the polar plate, so that whole-course separation of alkali liquor and gas is realized. Through structure simplification and process optimization, the polar plate cost is reduced, the highest current density is improved to 1.5 A / cm or above, the hydrogen and oxygen purity reaches 99.95%, the system efficiency is improved by 15%-20%, and an efficient, safe and economical technical scheme is provided for hydrogen production from renewable energy sources.

A pixel includes a first transistor including a gate electrode connected to a first node and connected between a second node and a third node, a second transistor including a gate electrode receiving a first power voltage, a first electrode receiving a second power voltage, and a second electrode connected to the third node, a third transistor including a gate electrode receiving a gate signal and connected between a data line and the first node, a fourth transistor including a gate electrode receiving a first emission signal and connected between the gate electrode of the second transistor and the second node, a fifth transistor including a gate electrode receiving a second emission signal and a first electrode connected to the third node, and a light emitting element including an anode electrode connected to the second electrode of the fifth transistor and a cathode electrode receiving a third power voltage.

A method for activating a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is adapted to activate a polymer electrolyte fuel cell a membrane electrode assembly in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are opposed to each other with a solid polymer membrane interposed therebetween. The method includes pressurizing and feeding a hydrogen-containing humidification gas, which has been humidified, to the anode electrode and pressurizing and feeding an oxygen-containing humidification gas, which has been humidified, or a nitrogen-containing humidification inert gas, which has been humidified, to the cathode electrode, while heating the polymer electrolyte fuel cell at a set temperature in a predetermined range (preferably from 100° C. to 300° C., more preferably from 100° C. to 200° C., and still more preferably from 100° C. to 150° C.).

The invention provides an electrochemical active oxygen supply device for a drum of a washing machine and the washing machine. The device serves as a functional inner component, is tightly attached to the inner wall of an outer barrel of the washing machine or in a barrel gap, does not need to be connected with an external water path, achieves high integration with the roller, and reduces occupation of the effective washing volume of the roller to the maximum extent. A first shell and a second shell are combined to form a reaction space, and a difunctional anode electrode and a difunctional cathode electrode are integrated in the reaction space and are electrically connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an external power supply respectively to form a complete electrochemical loop. When water flow naturally flows through the reaction space in the washing process, a specific working potential is applied to the difunctional anode electrode under constant potential control, so that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and / or hydroxyl radicals (OH) are / is generated on the surface of the difunctional anode electrode in an in-situ electrochemical mode.

The invention discloses a hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber (HNBA)-polyacrylic acid (PAA) composite positive electrode binder for a secondary battery as well as a preparation method and application of the hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber-polyacrylic acid composite positive electrode binder. The composite positive electrode binder comprises the following raw materials: HNBA and PAA in a mass ratio of (1-10): (1-10); the content of residual hydrogen bonds in the HNBR is 1-10%, and the content of ACN is 10-40%; the molecular weight of the PAA is 3 * 10 < 5 >-1 * 10 < 6 >. The adhesive is compounded through a solution blending method, and based on the synergistic effect between HNBR and PAA, the viscosity of the material is greatly improved on the premise that it is guaranteed that the adhesive has excellent corrosion resistance. When the binder is used for preparing the positive pole piece of the secondary battery, not only can the bonding strength and the mechanical property among the components of the positive pole be effectively improved, but also the interfacial compatibility of the material can be effectively improved, the ion transmission efficiency can be improved, and the comprehensive performance of the battery can be effectively improved.

A Schottky barrier diode includes a semiconductor substrate made of gallium oxide, a drift layer made of gallium oxide and formed on the semiconductor substrate, an anode electrode brought into Schottky contact with the drift layer, a cathode electrode brought into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate, an insulating film covering the inner wall of a trench formed in the drift layer, and a protective film covering the anode electrode, wherein a part of the protective film is embedded in the trench. The part of the protective film is thus embedded in the trench, so that adhesion performance between the anode electrode and protective film is enhanced. This makes it possible to prevent peeling at the boundary between the anode electrode and the protective film.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic cells for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell and a preparation method thereof, and the ultrahigh-current-density multi-layer metal composite type hydrogen production electrolytic cell comprises a central diaphragm, a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, a sealing gasket, a bipolar plate and an end plate, the fastening bolt horizontally penetrates through the mounting holes of the left end plate and the right end plate to fix the bipolar plate, the sealing gasket, the cathode electrode, the diaphragm and the anode electrode between the left end plate and the right end plate in a limiting mode. Nickel base alloy (including pure nickel) or titanium alloy (including pure titanium) is adopted as an alkali corrosion resisting layer in the end plates and the bipolar plate in the contact face with alkaline electrolyte, the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the alkali corrosion resisting layer ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. The hydrogen production electrolytic tank has the advantages that the hydrogen production electrolytic tank breaks through the 0.08 mm limit of an electroplated coating, is suitable for safe operation in equipment with the current density strength higher than 3000A / m < 2 > and even reaching 10000A / m < 2 >, reduces the risk that the alkali-resistant corrosion layer is broken down by current and is damaged, and prolongs the service life of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank.

An in-cell touch display device is presented herein in which an in-cell touch sensor technology can be implemented in an organic light emitting diode display panel. The in-cell touch display device may include a substrate, a transistor formation layer on the substrate, the transistor formation layer including a semiconductor, a source electrode connected to the semiconductor, a drain electrode connected to the semiconductor, a gate electrode that overlaps the semiconductor, and a plurality of touch lines, and a light emitting element layer on the transistor formation layer, the light emitting element layer including an anode electrode, an emission layer on the anode electrode, a cathode electrode on the emission layer, and a bank layer on a portion of the anode electrode. The cathode electrode is connected to the plurality of touch lines, and the touch lines are closer to the cathode electrode than to the source and drain electrodes.

The utility model discloses a trickle bed type wastewater degradation device, which relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment equipment and is characterized in that uncharged or positively charged substances in wastewater are fully contacted with an anode electrode by improving the distribution of electrodes and the structure of a reactor, so that the reaction degradation effect is effectively improved; according to the scheme, the trickle bed type wastewater degradation device comprises an electrolytic bath body and a bath cover arranged on the electrolytic bath body, at least one electrolysis chamber and a water storage chamber are arranged in the electrolytic bath body, and wastewater treated by the electrolysis chamber overflows to the water storage chamber after being fully stored; the tank cover comprises a tank cover cavity, a first electrode mounting hole group is formed in the tank cover cavity, cathode electrodes and anode electrodes are sequentially and alternately arranged in the first electrode mounting hole group, and the cathode electrodes and the anode electrodes penetrate through the electrode mounting holes to extend into the electrolysis chamber; and a dripping hole is also formed in the mounting hole of the anode electrode.

The invention discloses a high-sensitivity oxygen-resistant anode MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) sensor for biotoxicity detection and a preparation method thereof. The sensor comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a positive electrode chamber, a negative electrode chamber, a diaphragm, a current loop and a data acquisition system, a double-layer biological membrane is formed on the positive electrode through aerobic domestication, the outer layer is an aerobic bacteria layer, and the inner layer is an anaerobic electroactive bacteria layer. The aerobic bacteria on the outer layer consume dissolved oxygen and provide a stable environment for the anaerobic bacteria on the inner layer, so that the oxygen resistance and the operation stability of the sensor are remarkably improved. When the toxicity of a to-be-detected sample is detected, the biotoxicity of the sample is represented through the electrogenesis inhibition rate of the sensor. Experiments show that the response sensitivity of the sensor to toxic substances (such as Cu (II)) is obviously higher than that of a traditional anaerobic MFC sensor, and the sensor shows excellent anti-interference capability under different dissolved oxygen conditions. The method is suitable for rapid detection of biotoxicity of water and environmental samples, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, strong oxidation interference resistance and good stability.

The invention provides a laser chip, a preparation method of the laser chip and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of chips, the laser chip comprises a multi-layer epitaxial structure, an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a third electrode; the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multi-layer epitaxial structure; the third electrode is also arranged on the upper surface and spaced from the anode electrode, and the end face, close to the anode electrode, of the third electrode is an arc-shaped face; the edge of the upper surface is provided with a step surface, and the step surface is filled with a current non-injection layer. The third electrode covers the current non-injection layer and extends from the current non-injection layer to the upper surface. The third electrode is matched while the current non-injection layer is arranged on the cavity surface side, the third electrode is widened, the coverage range of the third electrode is enlarged, carriers are effectively prevented from gathering towards the light-emitting surface, and heat accumulation of the cavity surface is avoided; the end face, close to the anode electrode, of the third electrode is designed to be an arc-shaped face, the point effect is avoided, and heat accumulation is further reduced.

The invention discloses a battery and an electric device. The battery comprises a battery monomer, the battery monomer comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, the active density of the battery is greater than or equal to 1.50 g / cm < 3 >, and optionally, the active density is greater than or equal to 1.53 g / cm < 3 >. Wherein the active density is obtained through the surface density ratio of the cathode to the anode, the compaction density of the cathode piece and the compaction density of the anode piece. Through the mode, the energy density of the battery can be improved while the battery production process reliability, the dynamic design reliability and the battery safety reliability are improved.

A display device, a vehicle, and a method for fabricating the display device capable of preventing short circuit (or reducing a degree or occurrence of short circuit) between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are disclosed. The display device may include: a substrate; an anode electrode on the substrate; a light emitting stack on the anode electrode; a pixel defining layer on the light emitting stack and having a trench; and a cathode electrode on the light emitting stack and the pixel defining layer. The anode electrode may include: a plurality of conductive (e.g., electrically conductive) layers; a protruding pattern that protrudes toward the light emitting stack from one selected from among the plurality of conductive (e.g., electrically conductive) layers; and an insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) layer around (e.g., surrounding) the protruding pattern and including silver and nitrogen.

The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, and discloses a corona-based creeping spark discharge strong pre-ionization pulse gas laser which comprises a main frame chamber, a pre-ionization device is fixedly mounted at the top of an inner cavity of the main frame chamber, a cathode electrode is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the main frame chamber, and a connecting copper sheet is fixedly mounted on the lateral upper portion of the inner wall of the main frame chamber. A flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the connecting copper sheet, and an anode electrode is fixedly installed at the top end of the flow guide plate. A corona-based creeping spark discharge strong pre-ionization pulse gas laser is characterized in that a pre-ionization area can be formed on a pre-ionization device and structures on the pre-ionization device, electrons in the pre-ionization area move in an accelerated manner under the action of electric field force, and in the movement process, the electrons in the pre-ionization area are separated from the pre-ionization device. And the electrons and other gas particles are subjected to inelastic collision and ionization or excitation, so that high-concentration and uniform initial electrons are generated, a micro-discharge channel is formed, and continuous seed electrons are provided for a core discharge region of the micro-discharge channel.