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249results about How to "Lower energy barrier" patented technology

Process utilizing seeds for making single-wall carbon nanotubes

InactiveUS7052668B2Facilitates nucleation phaseFaster and more reproducible and stable clusteringMaterial nanotechnologyFullerenesMetal catalystGas phase
A gas-phase method for producing high yields of single-wall carbon nanotubes with high purity and homogeneity is disclosed. The method involves using preformed metal catalyst clusters to initiate and grow single-wall carbon nanotubes. In one embodiment, multi-metallic catalyst precursors are used to facilitate the metal catalyst cluster formation. The catalyst clusters are grown to the desired size before mixing with a carbon-containing feedstock at a temperature and pressure sufficient to initiate and form single-wall carbon nanotubes. The method also involves using small fullerenes and preformed sections of single-wall carbon nanotubes, either derivatized or underivatized, as seed molecules for expediting the growth and increasing the yield of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The multi-metallic catalyst precursors and the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor by means of a supercritical fluid. In addition the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor via an aerosol or smoke.
Owner:RICE UNIV

Process utilizing pre-formed cluster catalysts for making single-wall carbon nanotubes

InactiveUS6913789B2Facilitates nucleation phaseFaster and more reproducible and stable clusteringMaterial nanotechnologyFibre chemical featuresGas phaseMetal catalyst
A gas-phase method for producing high yields of single-wall carbon nanotubes with high purity and homogeneity is disclosed. The method involves using preformed metal catalyst clusters to initiate and grow single-wall carbon nanotubes. In one embodiment, multi-metallic catalyst precursors are used to facilitate the metal catalyst cluster formation. The catalyst clusters are grown to the desired size before mixing with a carbon-containing feedstock at a temperature and pressure sufficient to initiate and form single-wall carbon nanotubes. The method also involves using small fullerenes and preformed sections of single-wall carbon nanotubes, either derivatized or underivatized, as seed molecules for expediting the growth and increasing the yield of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The multi-metallic catalyst precursors and the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor by means of a supercritical fluid. In addition the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor via an aerosol or smoke.
Owner:RICE UNIV

Bifunctional layered photocatalyst/thermocatalyst for improving indoor air quality

A photocatalytic / thermocatalytic coating includes an inner layer of metal / titanium dioxide or metal oxide / titanium dioxide that is applied on a honeycomb and an outer layer of titanium dioxide or metal oxide doped titanium dioxide applied on the inner layer. The inner layer of can be gold / titanium dioxide, platinum / titanium dioxide, or manganese oxide / titanium dioxide. The outer layer of titanium dioxide or metal oxide doped titanium dioxide oxides volatile organic compounds to carbon dioxide, water, and other substances. As the outer layer is thin and porous, the contaminants in the air can diffuse through the outer layer and adsorb onto the inner layer. When photons of the ultraviolet light are absorbed by the coating, reactive hydroxyl radicals are formed that oxidize the contaminant to produce water, carbon dioxide, and other substances.
Owner:CARRIER CORP

Writable magnetic element

The invention relates to a writable magnetic element comprising a stack of layers presenting a write magnetic layer, wherein the stack has a central layer of at least one magnetic material presenting a direction of magnetization that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer, said central layer being sandwiched between first and second outer layers of non-magnetic materials, the first outer layer comprising a first non-magnetic material and the second outer layer comprising a second non-magnetic material that is different from the first non-magnetic material, at least the second non-magnetic material being electrically conductive, and wherein it includes a device for causing current to flow through the second outer layer in a current flow direction parallel to the plane of the central layer, and a device for applying a magnetic field along a magnetic field direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer.
Owner:CENT NAT DE LA RECHERCHE SCI +4

Luminescent device

Interfaces between layers in a light emitting element are eliminated by using a light emitting element with a mixed region comprising a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material. The light emitting element may further comprise a region with a dopant. By using this light emitting element, an organic luminescent element of low power consumption and long life is achieved, and the light emitting element can be used to manufacture a luminescent device and an electric appliance.
Owner:SEMICON ENERGY LAB CO LTD

Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and method for operating the same

A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device having MONOS type memory cells of increased efficiency by hot electron injection and improved scaling characteristics includes a channel forming region in the vicinity of a surface of a substrate, first and second impurity regions, acting as a source and a drain in operation, formed in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate sandwiching the channel forming region between them, a gate insulating film stacked on the channel forming region and having a plurality of films, and a charge storing means that is formed in the gate insulating film dispersed in the plane facing the channel forming region. A bottom insulating film includes a dielectric film that exhibits a FN type electroconductivity and makes the energy barrier between the bottom insulating film and the substrate lower than that between silicon dioxide and silicon.
Owner:SONY CORP

Light emitting device having organic light emitting material with mixed layer

A light emitting device is provided which has a structure for lowering energy barriers at interfaces between layers of a laminate organic compound layer. A mixed layer (105) composed of a material that constitutes an organic compound layer (1) (102) and a material that constitutes an organic compound layer (2) (103) is formed at the interface between the organic compound layer (1) (102) and the organic compound layer (2) (103). The energy barrier formed between the organic compound layer (1) (102) and the organic compound layer (2) (103) thus can be lowered.
Owner:SEMICON ENERGY LAB CO LTD

Method for growing graphene film by using low-temperature chemical vapor deposition

The invention relates to a method for preparing a graphene film in a low-temperature condition. The method at least comprises the following steps: (1), performing smooth treatment on a metal substrate; (2), performing doping of a chemical reagent on the surface of the metal substrate obtained in the step (1); (3), under a protective atmosphere, performing annealing treatment on the metal substrate obtained in the step (1); (4), contacting the metal substrate with a carbon source, and performing chemical vapor deposition in the low-temperature condition to obtain the graphene film; and optionally, after the step (4), performing step (5), stopping heating, cooling to the room temperature, and taking out the metal substrate with the graphene film thereon, wherein the chemical reagent is a precursor salt of metal. The method for growing the graphene film is low in growth temperature, low in cost, high in industrialized feasibility and wide in select range of the substrate, and can prepare the complete single-layer or multi-layer graphene film with high quality.
Owner:WUXI GRAPHENE FILM +1

Aquespheres, their preparation and uses thereof

This invention provides method for sustained release delivery of structurally delicate agents such as proteins and peptides. Using a unique emulsion system (Stable polymer aqueous-aqueous emulsion), proteins and peptides can be microencapsulated in polysacchride glassy particles under a condition free of any chemical or physical hazard such as organic solvents, strong interfacial tension, strong shears, elevated temperature, large amount of surfactants, and cross-linking agents. Proteins loaded in these glassy particles showed strong resistance to organic solvents, prolonged activity in hydrated state, and an excellent sustained release profile with minimal burst and incomplete release when being further loaded in degradable polymer microspheres. This invention provides a simple yet effective approach to address all the technical challenges raised in sustained release delivery of proteins.
Owner:BIODVERY PHARMATECH LTD

Quantum bit with a multi-terminal junction and loop with a phase shift

A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and / or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.
Owner:D WAVE SYSTEMS INC

Writable Magnetic Element

The invention relates to a writable magnetic element comprising a stack of layers presenting a write magnetic layer, wherein the stack has a central layer of at least one magnetic material presenting a direction of magnetization that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer, said central layer being sandwiched between first and second outer layers of non-magnetic materials, the first outer layer comprising a first non-magnetic material and the second outer layer comprising a second non-magnetic material that is different from the first non-magnetic material, at least the second non-magnetic material being electrically conductive, and wherein it includes a device for causing current to flow through the second outer layer in a current flow direction parallel to the plane of the central layer, and a device for applying a magnetic field along a magnetic field direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer.
Owner:CENT NAT DE LA RECHERCHE SCI +4

Quantum bit with a multi-terminal junction and loop with a phase shift

A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and / or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.
Owner:D WAVE SYSTEMS INC

Laminated solar battery based on perovskite battery and HIT battery and manufacturing method

A laminated solar battery based on a perovskite battery and an HIT battery comprises a back metal electrode; the HIT battery which is manufactured on the back metal electrode; an ITO connection layer which is manufactured on the HIT battery; an electron transporting layer which is manufactured on the ITO connection layer; a perovskite active absorption layer which is manufactured on the electron transporting layer; a hole transporting layer which is manufactured on the perovskite active absorption layer; an interface modification layer which is manufactured on the hole transporting layer; a light facing surface transparent electrode which is manufactured on the interface modification layer; and a metal grid line electrode which is manufactured on the light facing surface transparent electrode, wherein the metal grid line electrode is located on the two sides of the center on the light facing surface transparent electrode. With the adoption of the laminated solar battery based on the perovskite battery and the HIT battery, the absorption spectrum can be expanded and light energy is converted into electric energy to the greatest extent, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar battery is improved.
Owner:INST OF SEMICONDUCTORS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Voltage-switched magneto-resistive random access memory (MRAM) employing separate read operation circuit paths from a shared spin torque write operation circuit path

Voltage-switched magneto-resistive random access memory (MRAM) employing separate read operation circuit paths from a shared spin torque write operation circuit path is disclosed. The MRAM includes an MRAM array that includes MRAM bit cell rows each including a plurality of MRAM bit cells. MRAM bit cells on an MRAM bit cell row share a common electrode to provide a shared write operation circuit path for write operations. Dedicated read operation circuit paths are also provided for each MRAM bit cell separate from the write operation circuit path. As a result, the read operation circuit paths for the MRAM bit cells do not vary as a result of the different layout locations of the MRAM bit cells with respect to the common electrode. Thus, the read parasitic resistances of the MRAM bit cells do not vary from each other because of their different coupling locations to the common electrode.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC

Organic Field-Effect Transistor and Semiconductor Device Including the Same

It is an object to provide an electrode for an organic field-effect transistor having a semiconductor layer formed of an organic semiconductor material (in the present invention, referred to as an organic field-effect transistor), which can reduce the energy barrier at an interface with the semiconductor layer. A composite layer including an organic compound and a metal oxide is used for the electrode for the organic field-effect transistor, in other words the composite layer is used for at least a part of either a source electrode or a drain electrode in the organic field-effect transistor
Owner:SEMICON ENERGY LAB CO LTD

Laminated organic electroluminescence device

The invention provides a laminated organic electroluminescence device, which comprises a first electrode, a first luminous unit, a third electron transmission layer, a second electron transmission layer, a first electron transmission layer, a charge generating layer, a second luminous unit and a second electrode in sequential laminated arrangement from bottom to top, wherein when both of the first electron transmission layer and the second electron transmission layer comprise n type doping agents, and the concentration of the n type doping agents in the first electron transmission layer is greater than the concentration of the n type doping agents in the second electron transmission layer, the third electron transmission layer does not contain n type doping agents; through the arrangement of the first, second and third electron transmission layers, the energy barrier of injecting electrons from the charge generating layer into the first luminous unit can be reduced, so that the injection of the electrons can be easy; the driving voltage is reduced; the device efficiency is improved; in addition, the service life of the device is prolonged; the color drift speed of the device is decelerated.
Owner:TCL CHINA STAR OPTOELECTRONICS TECH CO LTD

Carbonaceous solid fuel gasifier utilizing dielectric barrier non-thermal plasma

A system for producing a fuel gas from a carbon-containing material is provided that includes a non-thermal plasma generator, an electric power source, a process stream inlet, and a product stream outlet. The non-thermal plasma generator includes a high voltage electrode separated from a grounded electrode by a modification passage. Moreover, a dielectric layer exists between the high voltage electrode and the grounded electrode. The electric power source is energizable to create non-thermal electrical microdischarges within the modification passage. As the process gas flows through the system, the carbon-containing material is converted to fuel gas.
Owner:RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA

Hazard-free microencapsulation for structurally delicate agents, an application of stable aqueous-aqueous emulsion

This invention provides method for sustained release delivery of structurally delicate agents such as proteins and peptides. Using unique emulsion system (Stable polymer aqueous-aqueous emulsion), proteins and peptides can be microencapsulated in polysacchride glassy particles under a condition free of any chemical or physical hazard such as organic solvents, strong interfacial tension, strong shears, elevated temperature, large amount of surfactants, and cross-linking agents. Proteins loaded in these glassy particles showed strong resistance to organic solvents, prolonged activity in hydrated state, and an excellent sustained release profile with minimal burst and incomplete release when being further loaded in degradable polymer microspheres. This invention provides a simple yet effective approach to address all the technical challenges raised in sustained release delivery of proteins.
Owner:BIOPHARM SOLUTIONS

Flame-retardant antistatic wood powder/polypropylene wood-plastic composite material with silane modified conductive carbon black, and preparation method of composite material

The invention discloses a flame-retardant antistatic wood powder / polypropylene wood-plastic composite material with silane modified conductive carbon black and a preparation method of the composite material, and relates to a wood-plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof. The wood-plastic composite material with silane modified conductive carbon black as an antistatic agent and expansible graphite as a flame retardant is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of wood powder, 30-50 parts of polypropylene, 5-30 parts of silane modified conductive carbon black, 5-30 parts of expansible graphite, 3-10 parts of an m-isopropenyl-alpha, alpha-dimethyl benzyl isocyanate grafted polypropylene coupling reagent, and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant. The use amount of the conductive carbon black is lowered greatly; besides, the flame-retardant property, the physical and mechanical properties and the heat-resisting property of the wood powder / polypropylene composite material are improved, so that the wood powder / polypropylene composite material disclosed by the invention is superior to the existing flame-retardant anti-static wood powder / polypropylene composite material in each property.
Owner:NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY

Quantum bit with a multi-terminal junction and loop with a phase shift

A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and / or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.
Owner:D WAVE SYSTEMS INC

[organic electro-luminescent device and fabricating method thereof]

An organic electro-luminescent device comprising a first substrate, a conductive layer and a second substrate is provided. A first electrode layer and an organic functional layer are sequentially laid on the first substrate. A second electrode is laid on the second substrate. The conductive layer is sandwiched between the second electrode layer and the organic functional layer. The second electrode layer is electrically connected to the organic functional layer through the conductive layer. Because the second electrode layer is disposed on the second substrate individually, one has no misgiving about damaging the other film layers during the fabrication of the second electrode layer. In other words, the organic electro-luminescent device has a wider processing window.
Owner:DELTA OPTOELECTRONICS

Quantum dot electroluminescence device and manufacturing method thereof

The invention provides a quantum dot electroluminescence device. The quantum dot electroluminescence device comprises a substrate, an anode, hole transport layers, a quantum dot luminescence layer, an electron transport layer and a cathode, wherein the anode is arranged on the substrate; the hole transport layers are arranged on the anode; the quantum dot luminescence layer is arranged on the hole transport layers; the electron transport layer is arranged on the quantum dot electroluminescence layer; the cathode is arranged on the electron transport layer; and the hole transport layers are P-type doped hole transport layers and / or the electron transport layer is an N-type doped electron transport layer. The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the quantum dot electroluminescence device. A gradient doping effect is formed in the hole transport layers, different band bending degrees of an interface are caused, a ladder energy level is formed, namely HOMO energy level is gradually increased from the anode to the quantum dot luminescence layer in sequence, and then the energy barrier of holes from the injection of the anode to the quantum dot luminescence layer is reduced, so that the luminescence efficiency of the device is improved.
Owner:TCL CHINA STAR OPTOELECTRONICS TECH CO LTD

Fabrication of pillared graphene

A method of fabricating pillared graphene assembles alternate layers of graphene sheets and fullerenes to form a stable protostructure. Energy is added to the protostructure to break the carbon-carbon bonds at the fullerene-to-graphene attachment points of the protostructure and allow the bonds to reorganize and reform into a stable lower energy unitary pillared graphene nanostructure in which open nanotubes are conjoined between graphene sheets. The attachment points may be functionalized using tether molecules to aid in attachment, and add chemical energy to the system. The arrangement and attachment spacing of the fullerenes may be determined using spacer molecules or an electric potential.
Owner:THE ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS ON BEHALF OF THE UNIV OF ARIZONA +1

Bimetallic sulfide composite electrocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof

The invention relates to a bimetallic sulfide composite electrocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrocatalyst comprises a foamed nickel substrate and bimetallic sulfides growing on the foamed nickel substrate to form a 2D nano structure, and the bimetallic sulfides are NiS / Co9S8; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) foamed nickel is pretreated; 2) thiourea and Co(NO3).6H2O are dissolved in water, then the pretreated foam nickel is added, hydrothermal reaction is carried out, and then cooling, washing and drying are carried out to obtain the bimetallic sulfide composite electrocatalyst; and the electrocatalyst is used in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution or electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Compared with the prior art, the preparation process of the electrocatalyst is simple, safe and cheap; the electrocatalyst is high in catalytic activity and low in reaction energy barrier, has more activand e sites, and shortens the path of electron transfer; and the specific surface area is large, the electron transfer efficiency is improved, and the long-time stability is realized.
Owner:SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV

Modified t7-related RNA polymerases and methods of use thereof

The invention relates to modified T7-related RNA polymerases and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, the invention relates to modified T7-related RNA polymerases that transcribe RNA with reduced abortive cycling and increased efficiency compared with native T7-related RNA polymerases.
Owner:UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS
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