45 results about "Hot electron" patented technology

[Problem] To provide novel technology. [Solution] One aspect of the present invention provides a thermionic cathode. The thermionic cathode includes an electron source and a plurality of grids. The electron source is configured to emit electrons when heated. The plurality of grids have through-holes that allow electrons emitted from the electron source to pass in a predetermined direction. At least one of the grids is configured to reduce the movement speed of the electrons.

To stably form an insulating film of high quality in a reactive ion plating apparatus and method.SOLUTION: In the reactive ion plating apparatus 10, an evaporation material 24 stored in a crucible 20 is heated and evaporated by an electron gun 22. In addition, the ionization power Wd is supplied to the crucible 20 as an anode and the hot cathode filament 34 that emits thermoelectrons as a cathode. Accordingly, the plasma 100 is induced. Further, the reactive gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber 12 through the hollow anode 46, and the hollow anode power Wh is supplied to the hollow anode 46. Accordingly, the hollow anode plasma 200 is induced. A hollow anode filament 48 is provided at a gas discharge port of the hollow anode 46. The hollow anode filament 48 becomes a stable anode by being heated by Joule heat.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

In order to provide a gas cluster ion beam apparatus capable of performing unprecedented high-precision trimming processing by generating a high-speed and high-precision pulse beam and adjusting the pulse width, pulse period, and the like thereof, a switching circuit including a switching device 32 is provided. The switching device 32 is arranged in a power line that supplies a voltage from an ionization power supply 30 for accelerating ionized hot electrons of the ionizer 5 to the ionizer 5 and an anode bar 17 having an equal potential to the ionizer 5. A gas cluster ion beam can be intermittently irradiated onto a substrate (15) to be irradiated, wherein a switching circuit (SWC) controls the on and off of a switching device (32).

The application relates to the technical field of vacuum coating, in particular to a permeation and plating integrated coating device. The permeation and plating integrated coating device comprises a permeation and plating module, the permeation and plating module comprises a coating chamber, a coating arc source, an anode component, a first arc striking mechanism and an ion gun; the coating arc source, the first arc striking mechanism and the ion gun are connected with the coating chamber, the inside of the coating chamber is provided with a containing station for placing a workpiece, the anode component is arranged on the side of the containing station which is away from the ion gun, a working space is used for inputting nitrogen gas for nitriding or coating reaction gas, the first arc striking mechanism is arranged corresponding to the ion gun, so that the ion gun emits a hot electron beam towards the anode component. The permeation and plating integrated coating device can perform nitriding and coating treatment on the workpiece, so that nitrogen ions penetrate into the inside of the workpiece, so as to increase the hardness of the workpiece, and the film layer performance and the overall hardness performance of the treated workpiece are greatly improved.

The invention relates to the field of research, development and application of nano semiconductor multi-valued logic devices and four-valued phase inverters, and particularly provides a four-valued phase inverter based on a double-peak type anti-bipolar transistor and a preparation method of the four-valued phase inverter, which are used for realizing four-element multi-valued logic. The invention creatively provides a bimodal reverse bipolar transistor (Bi-AAT) capable of realizing quaternary multi-valued logic, transverse and longitudinal heterojunctions are constructed, the interband tunneling effect and the thermionic emission effect correspond to two current transmission paths respectively, and the field effect transistor based on a single heterojunction shows unique Bi-AAT properties; on the basis, an n-type FET matched with the Bi-AAT is formed on the basis of similar n-type materials in the Bi-AAT, so that the Bi-AAT and the n-type FET are connected in series to form a four-valued inverter, and a new technical path is provided for implementation of a four-element multi-valued logic device.

The utility model discloses a composite dielectric gate photosensitive detection unit and a detector, each unit comprises a composite dielectric gate photosensitive capacitor and a composite dielectric gate MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), and the composite dielectric gate photosensitive capacitor and the composite dielectric gate MOSFET are formed above the same P-type semiconductor substrate. An active region of a P-type semiconductor substrate of the composite dielectric gate MOSFET adopts an L-shaped or U-shaped structure, the direction of an electric field between a source and a drain is arc-shaped, electron accelerated motion is restrained, channel hot electron injection is not easy to occur in electric field distribution, and the structure of the L-shaped or U-shaped active region enables the composite dielectric gate photosensitive detector to work at a higher drain terminal voltage, so that the reliability of the composite dielectric gate photosensitive detector is improved. And the working current of the photosensitive detector is larger under the same gate voltage, so that the readout noise of the photosensitive detector is further reduced. The P-type semiconductor substrate active region of the composite dielectric gate MOSFET adopts an annular structure, so that the layout in two dimensions of a two-dimensional plane is realized, the equivalent gate length of the composite dielectric gate MOSFET is increased, the channel area of a transistor is increased, and the random telegraph noise is reduced.

The present application relates to a kind of multi-wavelength surface plasmon hot electron photodetector and its preparation method and application, its structure includes substrate, two-dimensional material layer, vanadium dioxide micro-nano structure, graphene layer and top driving electrode.The detector realized by the present application not only has the characteristics such as wide spectrum, real-time tuning, room temperature operation and wavelength selectivity, and the detection performance is significantly improved.

This electron gun is provided with: a vacuum container; electrodes that are accommodated in the vacuum container and that include at least a cathode for emitting thermionic electrons from an electron emission surface and an anode for extracting the thermionic electrons; and a gas supply unit that supplies a cleaning gas for cleaning the cathode to the inside of the vacuum container.

A dielectric layer of a semiconductor device may be treated using an oxidation treatment process to tune the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer. For example, an etch stop layer (ESL) in an interconnect layer of the semiconductor device may be formed of a high dielectric constant (high-k) dielectric material, which provides etch selectivity for the ESL relative to other dielectric layers in the interconnect layer. A recess may be formed through the ESL and through the dielectric layers, and a conductive structure may be formed in the recess. Prior to formation of the conductive structure, an oxidation treatment operation may be performed to oxidize the exposed ends of the ESL in the recess. The oxidation treatment may lower the dielectric constant of the ends of the ESL, which may result in the ends of the ESL being less susceptible to current leakage through tunneling, hot-carrier injection, and / or thermionic emission.

An ion generation device apparatus is provided, comprising: an arc chamber housing, forming an ion source arc chamber; a thermionic emitter, comprising a filament and a cathode positioned at an end of the ion source arc chamber; and a guide member, positioned around the cathode to form a guide channel, wherein a top end surface of the guide member protrudes higher than an upper surface of the cathode, wherein at least two gas inlets positioned on the ion source arc chamber are correspondingly and symmetrically positioned on two sides of a central extension line of the cathode, to more evenly provide a source gas to the ion source arc chamber. In addition, electrons are enabled to move as far as possible to the gas inlets by using the guide member, thereby increasing an opportunity that the electrons react with the gas.

Provided is a charged particle beam device that can precisely manage a temperature at which a cold field emitter is heated. A charged particle beam device includes: a cold field emitter including a tip having a sharpened distal end, a filament connected to the tip, and an auxiliary electrode covering the filament and having an opening from which the tip protrudes; an extraction electrode to which an extraction voltage for extracting electrons from the cold field emitter is applied; and an acceleration electrode to which an acceleration voltage for accelerating the electrons extracted from the cold field emitter is applied. When the tip and the filament are heated, thermionic electrons emitted from the tip and the filament are collected by the auxiliary electrode to measure a current by applying a positive voltage with respect to the tip to the auxiliary electrode.

According to the model and the simulation method for emitting the microscopic hot electrons to the macroscopic electromagnetic pulse, particle simulation and three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation are innovatively coupled, and full-chain integrated simulation from microscopic particle dynamics to macroscopic electromagnetic radiation is realized; the technical problem that a micromechanism and macroscopic performance are disjointed in a traditional simulation method is effectively solved; meanwhile, the method has good universality and adaptability, and influences of multiple factors such as laser parameters, target material characteristics and experimental environments can be fully considered. By adjusting simulation parameters, electromagnetic pulse characteristics under different experiment conditions can be accurately predicted, and reliable theoretical guidance is provided for optimizing an experiment design scheme. The method is not only suitable for performance evaluation of an existing laser device, but also can provide technical support for electromagnetic pulse management of a higher-power laser device in the future.

An electron tube (100) is provided with: a cathode (3) that emits hot electrons; an anode in which a plurality of anode strips (4) are disposed so as to surround the cathode (3) in an anode cylinder (2) inside the anode cylinder structure (1), and which forms a cavity resonator; an input unit in which a cathode lead (5) to which an input voltage is applied is disposed; an output unit that emits microwaves to the outside; and a waveguide (W1) that transmits microwaves, a sealable shield case (9) that surrounds a part of the cathode lead (5) is joined to the outer surface of the anode cylinder structure (1) on the input section side, the sealable waveguide (W1) is joined to the outer surface of the anode cylinder structure (1) on the output section side, and the anode cylinder structure is provided with a communication hole (12). The communication hole has a first opening (11) that opens in a region surrounded by the shield housing (9) and a second opening (12) that opens in the waveguide (W1).

X-ray generating device (11), comprising: a sealed X-ray tube (31) with a cathode (41) from which thermionic electrons are emitted and an anode (42) which is irradiated with an electron beam obtained by accelerating the thermionic electrons with a potential difference applied between the cathode (41) and the anode (42); a magnetic field generating section (32) arranged near the sealed X-ray tube (31) to apply a magnetic field to the electron beam, the magnetic field extending in a first direction that intersects a propagation direction of the electron beam; and a rotary drive system (33) designed to rotate the sealed X-ray tube (31) with respect to a central axis of the cathode (41) and the anode (42), wherein the anode (42) has a surface with a first region and a second region, which are arranged on one side and another side respectively with respect to a straight dividing line passing through an intersection of the surface and the central axis; wherein the first region comprises a first metal arranged therein and the second region comprises a second metal arranged therein, wherein the second metal differs from the first metal, wherein the sealed X-ray tube (31) is driven by the rotary drive system (33) to a position in which the sealed X-ray tube (31) is arranged with respect to the magnetic field generating section (32) such that the straight dividing line which separates the first anode region from the second anode region lies along the first direction of the magnetic field.

The invention provides a gallium nitride-based semiconductor laser with a quantum tunneling hole injection layer, the quantum tunneling hole injection layer is arranged in the laser, and SIMS test Al ion strength or Al atom concentration distribution in the quantum tunneling hole injection layer has asymmetric double-S-type function distribution. A peak value region of valence band effective state density and a valley value region of hole mobility are formed in the quantum tunneling hole injection layer, and the peak value position of the valence band effective state density just corresponds to the valley value position of the hole mobility, so that a quantum tunneling region is formed, and diffusion, migration and hot electron emission of hole carriers are blocked. The hole tunneling probability of the layer is enhanced, hole carriers are made to jump and pass through the upper limiting layer and the upper waveguide layer in a quantum tunneling mode, hole wave function distribution and light field distribution injected into the active layer are regulated and controlled, the quantum recombination efficiency of the gallium nitride laser is enhanced, light absorption loss is reduced, and the threshold value and the lasing power of the laser are reduced; and the aging light attenuation of the laser is improved.

The invention discloses a metallized film evaporation system based on plasma heating and a method thereof. The metallized film evaporation system comprises a vacuum chamber; the plasma generating module is arranged in the vacuum chamber, the plasma generating module is provided with an ion generator, the plasma generating module can ionize working gas to generate plasma in the modes of radio frequency, direct current discharge or microwaves and the like, and the power, density and distribution state of the plasma can be adjusted; and the metal raw material supply module is connected with the vacuum chamber and provides metal raw materials to be evaporated into the vacuum chamber. The metal raw materials are heated through plasmas generated by the plasma generation module, and compared with traditional heating modes such as resistance heating and electron beam heating, plasma energy is more concentrated and controllable. And the magnetic field adjusting assembly is matched to restrain and guide the motion trail of the plasmas, so that the plasmas can act on the metal raw materials more accurately, the heating efficiency is greatly improved, the evaporation rate of the metal raw materials is increased, the evaporation period is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

An electron tube (100) is provided including: a cathode (3) that emits thermoelectrons; an anode including a plurality of anode pieces (4) arranged, so as to surround the cathode (3), in an anode cyli

The invention belongs to the field of composite material preparation, discloses an H-ZISv / Au-Ag HAPs composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the problem of poor photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of an existing photocatalyst. The H-ZISv / Au-Ag HAPs composite material is formed by loading hollow Au-Ag alloy nano particles on a hollow ZnIn2S4 nano cage containing sulfur vacancies, and the H-ZISv / Au-Ag HAPs composite material is a novel double-hollow plasma Schottky heterojunction photocatalyst. The material promotes the generation of a large amount of current carriers through the cooperation of a multi-light scattering / reflection effect and directional charge transfer; and the material has efficient hot electron excitation and excellent photothermal conversion performance. Through the synergistic effect generated by the optimized Schottky junction, plasma near-field enhancement and double-cavity constraint, the photo-thermal assisted photoelectrochemical reaction is improved. The catalyst has a hydrogen generation rate of 16 mmol g <-1 > h <-1 > and excellent stability under the conditions of AM 1.5 G illumination and 25 DEG C.

A soft X-ray tube structure for electrostatic elimination and its verification method are disclosed, belonging to the field of X-ray tubes. A spherical spiral tungsten filament emitting cathode is disposed within the vacuum tube; a spherical cap-shaped beryllium anode target electrode is disposed in front of the spherical spiral tungsten filament emitting cathode, with a tungsten coating deposited on its inner surface; a spherical cap-shaped confinement electrode is disposed behind the spherical spiral tungsten filament emitting cathode; the center points of the spherical cap-shaped beryllium anode target electrode, the spherical cap-shaped confinement electrode, and the spherical spiral tungsten filament emitting cathode are spatially aligned. This design enables uniform, wide solid angle radiation of soft X-rays, thereby significantly improving the electrostatic elimination range; it effectively avoids the thermionic leakage caused by the circular tubular focusing electrode in existing technologies, thus improving the soft X-ray emission efficiency / effectiveness, and consequently improving the electrostatic elimination efficiency / effectiveness; simultaneously, it effectively avoids the reduction in the insulation performance of the vacuum tube bottom surface caused by the sputtering of thermionic electrons themselves.

Provided is a memory cell with which it is possible to reliably inject a charge into a floating gate even if the film thickness of a gate insulating film has been increased. A memory cell 1a has a configuration in which a program transistor 2a is constituted by a PMOS transistor and electrons can be injected into a floating gate FG by hot electron injection using CHE. Due to this configuration, the memory cell 1a is configured so that a charge can be reliably injected into the floating gate FG even if the film thickness of gate insulating films 8a, 8b, 8c has been increased.

An electron bombardment ion source assembly for use in a mass spectrometer and including an anode extending along an axis and surrounding an ionization volume. At least two filaments are each configured to thermionically emit electrons and are positioned outside the ionization volume and proximate to the anode. The at least two filaments each comprise an elliptically-shaped portion and non-elliptical portions on either end of the elliptically-shaped portion. The non-elliptically-shaped portions are configured to be mounted in a fixed position relative to the anode to maintain a constant distance between the elliptically-shaped portion and the anode. The elliptically-shaped portion extends along a plane that intersects a plane perpendicular to the axis of the anode at a non-zero angle.

The present application relates to a kind of green light LED, including n-type layer, multiple quantum well layer, superlattice electron blocking layer, p-type layer and p-type electrode which are sequentially stacked on substrate;Multiple quantum well layer includes n periodic quantum well structure, single periodic quantum well structure is sequentially stacked by InGaN layer, first GaN layer, AlGaN interlayer and second GaN layer, and the Al component of AlGaN interlayer increases layer by layer in the direction of substrate pointing to p-type layer;Superlattice electron blocking layer is composed of m periodic AlGaN / GaN stack and AlGaN thick layer arranged on the stack;The setting of the multiple quantum well layer and superlattice electron blocking layer effectively improves the barrier height, reduces the electron leakage, relieves the moving speed of hot electron, promotes the faster diffusion of carrier, improves current congestion effect, has more optimal radiation performance and higher modulation bandwidth.

A sterilization device has been disclosed. The sterilization device comprises a toroidal housing having an outer wall, an inner wall, and a central cavity to receive an object to be sterilized. The toroidal housing comprises a thermionic cathode to release primary electrons, an anode grid to attract and accelerate the primary electrons to obtain accelerated primary electrons, and an anode wire to pull additional electrons released from a gas plasma discharge within the toroidal housing. The anode wire may accelerate the additional electrons and the accelerated primary electrons to create a spray of accelerated electrons that may be released through the inner wall. The spray of accelerated electrons may collide with the object to sterilize the object.

The application discloses an Au-Mo 0.1 W 0.9 O 2.72 Double plasmonic nanoreactor and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein Mo 0.1 W 0.9 O 2.72 is used as a carrier, and 2-10 wt% Au nanoparticles are loaded on the carrier. 0.1 W 0.9 O 2.72 The Au-Mo 0.1 W 0.9 O 2.72 double plasmonic nanoreactor uses Mo as a carrier, and Au nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of the carrier; the double plasmonic nanoreactor has good light response; a hot electron-rich surface under light excitation improves adsorption and activation of nitrogen and nitrogen reduction intermediates, and obviously improves the activity of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.

The invention provides an upright graphene heterojunction, application and a preparation method. The upright graphene heterojunction comprises a silicon carbide layer, an aluminum oxide layer, a gallium arsenide layer and upright graphene which are sequentially arranged in a layered manner. In the vertical graphene heterojunction provided by the invention, through the cooperation of the silicon carbide layer and the aluminum oxide layer, the vertical graphene is used as a light absorption main body, the gallium arsenide layer is used as a hot electron absorption layer, and the vertical graphene heterojunction is used for carrier modulation and is used as an amplification channel. Through cooperation of the silicon carbide layer, the aluminum oxide layer and the gallium arsenide layer, the upright graphene heterojunction can realize detection of near-infrared light.

The invention relates to an apparatus for forming a coating on and / or modifying the properties of the inner surface of a hollow article (1), wherein the apparatus comprises a plasma source (2), the plasma source (2) having an elongate shape and comprising a cathode (3) as well as a target (4), wherein the target (4) is a thermionic electron emission source, wherein the target (4) is connected to the cathode (3) in an electrically conductive manner, wherein the plasma source (2) further comprises a masking (5) which partially covers the outer surface of the cathode (3) and the target (4), and which masking (5) is adapted to prevent the formation of plasma on an area covered by the masking (5) during operation of the apparatus, wherein a plasma formation area (6) is provided on the target (4), which plasma formation area (6) is not covered by the masking (5). The invention further relates to a target (4), an arrangement of the apparatus, a method, as well as a hollow article (1).

The invention discloses a machining method for a steel piston. The machining method comprises the following operation steps that S1, an oil outlet channel is machined, and surface cleaning is conducted; s2, brushing a slag stopping coating; s3, assembling is carried out; s4, demagnetizing and preheating; s5, electron beam welding; s6, sand blasting; and S7, finish machining is conducted to the finished product size after heat treatment. According to the machining method of the steel piston, the interior of the inner cooling oil cavity can be kept clean, and the risk of abnormal faults of an engine caused by falling of foreign matter in the inner cooling oil cavity is avoided.

The invention provides a defect suppression and process method for refractory alloy powder bed electron beam additive manufacturing, and relates to the technical field of refractory alloy additive manufacturing. The method comprises four links of powder pretreatment, substrate segmented and partitioned preheating, electron beam cladding forming and post-treatment stress release, specifically, a forming foundation is laid through accurate oxygen-controlled and density-controlled powder pretreatment, a substrate thermal field is balanced by adopting a segmented progressive and partitioned synchronous heating mode, electron beam parameters are regulated and controlled based on a self-created correction energy density formula, and the electron beam cladding forming process is completed. And a full-region segmented staggered scanning strategy is matched, real-time early warning and closed-loop regulation and control of defects are realized in combination with a hot crack sensitivity pre-judgment algorithm, and finally residual stress is released through segmented heat preservation annealing. Through full-process coupling regulation and control, the method is suitable for preparing complex components with the wall thickness being 2-50 mm and the size being smaller than or equal to 1000 mm, has forming stability and industrial application value, and can be widely applied to the field of high-end equipment such as aerospace and the nuclear industry.

An electron tube (100) is provided including: a cathode (3) that emits thermoelectrons; an anode including a plurality of anode pieces (4) arranged, so as to surround the cathode (3), in an anode cyli