653 results about "Reaction energy" patented technology

The invention provides a method for leaching copper-cobalt sulfide ore under efficient oxygen pressure, and relates to the technical field of metallurgy. The method for efficiently leaching the copper-cobalt sulfide ores under the oxygen pressure comprises the following steps: mixing materials including the copper-cobalt sulfide ores, sulfuric acid and water, slurrying, and then carrying out an oxygen pressure leaching reaction; and after the oxygen pressure leaching reaction is finished, solid-liquid separation is carried out, and leaching residues and leaching liquid are obtained. According to the method, the self-exothermic reaction of the excess sulfur element in the copper-cobalt sulfide ore is utilized, additional heating is not needed in the reaction process, then the oxygen pressure leaching reaction can be rapidly completed at a high temperature in a short time, and SO2 is not generated in the reaction process. The method for high-efficiency oxygen pressure leaching of the copper-cobalt sulfide ore has the advantages of being high in reaction speed, low in reaction energy consumption, easy to operate, environmentally friendly, easy to achieve industrial application and the like.

The invention discloses a method for activating and precipitating MHP through magnesium, and belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy. The method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a magnesium-containing solution with a sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out precipitation reaction for 3-5 minutes to obtain a precipitator; s2, immediately mixing a precipitator with the laterite-nickel ore iron and aluminum removed liquid, and then carrying out first-stage nickel and cobalt precipitation reaction to obtain first-stage nickel and cobalt precipitation slurry; s3, performing first thickening treatment on the first-section nickel and cobalt deposited slurry to obtain first dense underflow and first dense overflow; and S4, filtering the first dense underflow to obtain an MHP product. According to the method, after the magnesium-containing solution and the sodium hydroxide solution are mixed, the magnesium solution and the sodium hydroxide solution are controlled to be mixed and react for 3-5 min, then the nickel and cobalt precipitation reaction is immediately carried out, the MHP product with high purity and quality can be obtained, and the whole method is simple and convenient for large-scale industrial application.

The invention discloses a system and a method for rapidly and efficiently decomposing ammonia to produce hydrogen through cooperation of plasma catalysis. Ammonia gas enters the normal-pressure arc temperature plasma reactor to form rotating gas flow, is ionized into high-activity plasma under the driving of high-voltage electricity, and is pushed by the rotating gas flow and a gradually-shrinking opening of the reactor to form large-area three-dimensional plasma jet flow, and jet flow gas upwards flows into a coaxial upper-layer catalytic area and downwards flows into a coaxial outer-layer catalytic area due to the limitation of a wall surface; and the reacted gas flows out from a gas guide hole at the lower part. Ammonia gas is firstly activated and pre-decomposed in the arc temperature plasma area and then secondarily decomposed in the coaxial catalytic area, heat of the temperature plasma area directly acts on the catalytic area, and external heating is not needed. The whole structure is that the temperature plasma area and the catalytic area are coaxially integrated, so that the waste heat utilization rate and the reaction energy efficiency are improved. The system is simple and compact in structure, can flexibly supply hydrogen in a distributed manner, is high in energy density, and can be directly driven by wind, light and green electricity.

The invention discloses a high-activity chemical copper plating solution and a chemical copper plating method, and relates to the technical field of chemical copper plating, and the chemical copper plating solution comprises the following components: a copper ion source, a biological enzyme, a natural polymer complexing agent, a pH regulator and a stabilizer; according to the method, the specific bio-enzyme is adopted as the chemical copper plating catalyst, the remarkable catalytic effect is shown, the bio-enzyme has efficient selectivity and catalytic activity, reduction and deposition of copper ions can be accelerated under the mild condition, and therefore reaction energy consumption and equipment requirements are reduced, meanwhile, use of chemical reagents is reduced, and the cost is reduced. In addition, natural polymer complexing agents such as chitosan and sodium alginate have good biocompatibility and degradability and can form a stable complex with copper ions, the stability and the copper plating effect of the plating solution are enhanced, and by designing the natural polymer complexing agent with a specific structure such as a hyperbranched structure, the copper plating effect of the plating solution is improved. And the complexing ability and the performance of the copper plating solution are further improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and discloses preparation of a phosphorus-bridged iron-nickel monatomic / TiO2-x nanotube array electrode and application of the phosphorus-bridged iron-nickel monatomic / TiO2-x nanotube array electrode in advanced treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. The P-bridged Fe and Ni monatomic loaded TiO2-x NTA photo-anode material is prepared by adopting a template-quenching-exogenous calcination phosphating method. By optimizing and regulating a monatomic coordination environment, an atomic-scale interface structure and a carrier defect state, monatomic d orbital electrons are activated, interaction between monatomic and a carrier is enhanced, and the purpose of improving monatomic catalytic activity and stability is achieved. A photoelectrocatalytic degradation system is constructed on the basis of a FeNiPx / TiO2-x NTA photo-anode, a reaction energy barrier in the active species generation process is reduced through the synergistic effect between single atoms and a substrate, and the generation amount of active species in the system is increased. The material is simple in preparation method and easy for large-scale production, can be directly used in the existing photoelectrochemical device, and can greatly save the transformation and operation cost.

The present invention discloses a monatomic fluid driven carbon dioxide methanation conversion system and a method of use, comprising an absorption device and a desorption conversion device, wherein the liquid outlet of the absorption device is connected to the first inlet of a heat exchanger via a first pump, the first outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of a desorption conversion device, the liquid outlet of the desorption conversion device is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchanger via a second pump, and the second outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the absorption device via a cooler. The use of monatomic fluid as a solvent in the present invention can not only generate electric charge and effectively solve the problem of high energy consumption caused by desorption of CO2 due to thermal desorption, but also couple thermal and electric charge effects to greatly break through the high energy consumption bottleneck caused by reaction temperature faced by traditional thermal desorption, and greatly reduce the reaction energy barrier and reaction heat. During the desorption process, the charge effect of the molecules in the solvent combined with CO2 can promote the realization of efficient methanation conversion of CO2.

This invention discloses a method for catalytically depolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to prepare terephthalate. Under catalyst-free conditions or with a salt as a catalyst, PET or its composite system is treated in diester carbonate to achieve chemical depolymerization of PET, yielding PET monomers terephthalate and ethylene carbonate, and achieving complete depolymerization of PET in the composite. This invention, through the reaction of diester carbonate with PET, enables the depolymerization of PET under mild conditions, and further facilitates the research and development of related technologies for the chemical recovery of PET monomers from PET composite or mixed systems. The method provided by this invention has advantages such as high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and mild reaction conditions, and can catalyze the depolymerization of PET to generate its monomer terephthalate, possessing strong industrial application value.

The invention discloses a solar-driven integrated direct air carbon capture system based on cyclic amine, which belongs to the technical field of carbon capture and comprises an absorption-desorption core unit, a solar energy supply unit and a resource circulation module. The absorption-desorption core unit comprises a double-layer spherical reactor and a condensing device, and cyclic amine composite absorption liquid is added into the double-layer spherical reactor; and the resource circulation module comprises a CO2 graded collection device and an agricultural facility. According to the invention, the reaction energy barrier is reduced, the desorption temperature is reduced, the energy consumption required by the reaction is reduced, a large amount of low-price desorption liquid amine solution is provided for the DAC technology, the application cost of the DAC technology is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of alkaline raw materials in the amine method carbon capture technology is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to an aluminum alkoxide salt and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, argon non-thermal plasma is adopted for bombarding the surface of the aluminum foil, an oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum foil is stripped, active aluminum free radicals are formed, the reaction energy barrier of the aluminum alkoxide salt is reduced, the aluminum alkoxide salt can be synthesized under the catalyst-free condition, and green and efficient synthesis of the aluminum alkoxide salt is achieved; a thiosemicarbazide-carboxylic acid bidentate ligand is adopted for complexing impurity iron in alkoxide aluminum salt, sulfur and nitrogen double coordination sites in a thiosemicarbazide unit are matched with oxygen coordination sites in a carboxylic acid group, higher complexing capacity is formed for the impurity iron, and the stability of the complex is improved; the crystallization is regulated and controlled through the pH response characteristic of the carboxylic acid group, so that the impurity iron in the aluminum alkoxide salt is efficiently removed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of all-vanadium redox flow battery electrodes, and discloses a graphite felt electrode for a vanadium battery and a preparation method and application of the graphite felt electrode. Preparing a spinel composite graphite felt; preparing a spinel inlaid perovskite composite graphite felt electrode; preparing a composite graphite felt electrode; the nano petal-shaped spinel composite perovskite nanospheres are synthesized by adopting an electro-deposition and sol-gel method, the structure is stable, the effective active area is increased, the oxidation reduction capacity of vanadium is catalyzed, the reaction energy barrier is reduced, the precipitation amount of oxygen and hydrogen in an electrolyte is effectively reduced, the oxygen evolution / hydrogen evolution side reaction is inhibited, the utilization rate of the electrolyte is improved, and the service life of the electrolyte is prolonged. And the energy loss generated by side reaction during battery operation is reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a monatomic alloy photocatalyst, which comprises the following steps: preparing a carbon material carrier CN through grinding and roasting, dispersing the carbon material carrier CN in a solution containing a Cu element, and removing the solution through rotary evaporation to obtain a Cu-loaded carrier Cu (at) CN; and dispersing the carrier in a gold precursor solution, mixing, carrying out rotary evaporation to remove a solvent to obtain a solid, and washing and drying the solid to obtain the Cu nano-particle loaded carrier. According to the invention, metal Au atoms are doped onto Cu nanoparticles on the surface of a carrier by a method of combining wet mixing and atom replacement reduction, and the Cu nanoparticles with small size, uniform particle size and uniform distribution are presented on the surface of the catalyst. An Au-Cu monatomic metal active center on the surface of the photocatalyst is constructed to adjust Au surface charges and increase the * CO adsorption capacity, so that local high-concentration * CO on the surface of the catalyst in the reaction process is realized, a carbon-carbon coupled reaction energy barrier is reduced, and high-selectivity reaction for preparing ethanol by reducing CO2 can be realized.

The invention discloses an oil-water separation filter element of an air compressor and a filter, and relates to the technical field of air compressor after-treatment, the oil-water separation filter element comprises an outer shell, a filtering assembly for filtering compressed air and an anti-blocking assembly for preventing a filtering medium from being blocked, the anti-blocking assembly is arranged at the top of a partition plate, and a positioning assembly is arranged on the partition plate; through the effect of the filtering assembly, compressed gas generated by the air compressor is filtered, an oil-water mixture in the compressed gas is efficiently separated, through the effect of the air pressure assembly, nitrogen is conveyed into the spiral pipe in a flowing mode and is obliquely sprayed out through the spraying opening, and backwashing treatment is conducted on the filtering assembly; nitrogen cannot chemically react with a filter element material in the backwashing process, the filter element can be effectively protected, the service life of the filter element can be effectively prolonged, nitrogen is usually dry and extremely low in water content, the filter element can be prevented from being affected with damp due to introduction of water in the backwashing process, and then blockage of a filtering medium is avoided.

The invention provides a method for preparing phosphorus pentafluoride, which comprises the following steps: (a) mixing sulfur and phosphorus, and reacting at the temperature of 320-340 DEG C to generate phosphorus pentasulfide; (b) reacting phosphorus pentasulfide with hydrogen fluoride gas at the temperature of 170-190 DEG C, cooling the reaction product to-85 to-60 DEG C, and performing low-temperature rectification separation to obtain pure phosphorus pentafluoride and byproduct hydrogen sulfide; the molar ratio of phosphorus pentasulfide to hydrogen fluoride gas is (1-9.5): 10.2. The phosphorus pentafluoride can be efficiently prepared in an environment-friendly manner by adjusting the reaction conditions and the raw material ratio and reacting the easily available raw materials; and moreover, an electrolysis technology is further introduced to treat the hydrogen sulfide byproduct, so that the purity and efficiency of sulfur recovery are optimized, the purposes of environment-friendly and efficient recovery and utilization of the byproduct are achieved, the overall economical efficiency and safety of the process are improved, and the whole process chain is further perfected.

The invention provides an Au nanocluster-Cu monatomic / titanium dioxide photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalysis. According to the invention, the Cu monatomic atom is used as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction, the Cu monatomic atom and the Au nano-cluster are loaded at the same time, the Cu monatomic atom can be used as an electron transport bridge to regulate the electronic structure of the Au nano-cluster, the synergistic effect of the Cu monatomic atom and the Au nano-cluster is realized, the catalytic activity is regulated and controlled together, and efficient series connection of multi-step reaction is realized; therefore, the product selectivity can be accurately regulated and controlled; the catalytic oxidation reaction can be dynamically adjusted through carrier mediation or direct contact by virtue of the electron interaction between the Cu monatomic and the Au nano-cluster, so that the electron distribution in the catalytic process is favorably optimized, the reaction energy barrier of C-C bond breakage and hydroxymethyl oxidation is regulated and controlled, and the dynamic performance of generating GA and hydrogen through photocatalytic oxidation of EG is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysts, and discloses a method for preparing a heterogeneous monomolecular electrocatalyst by using water-soluble metalloporphyrin / phthalocyanine and a carbon carrier and application of the heterogeneous monomolecular electrocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving water-soluble metalloporphyrin / phthalocyanine in water to obtain a water-soluble metalloporphyrin / phthalocyanine solution; 2) soaking the electrode coated with the nanoscale carbon material in a water-soluble metalloporphyrin / phthalocyanine solution; or uniformly mixing the carbon nanomaterial organic solvent dispersion liquid with a water-soluble metalloporphyrin / phthalocyanine solution to obtain a composite catalyst; and dispersing the composite catalyst in an organic solvent, uniformly mixing with a binder solution, coating an electrode with the mixture, and drying to obtain the heterogeneous monomolecular electrocatalyst. The method disclosed by the invention is simple, catalyst molecules can be completely dispersed and adsorbed on a nanoscale carbon material in a single molecule form, and active sites are improved; the prepared monomolecular electrocatalyst is used for electrocatalysis of carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and high product selectivity and stability of carbon dioxide reduction can be realized.

The invention provides a pulsating anaerobic microorganism multi-phase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity combined supply system and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The system comprises a constant-temperature liquid storage tank, an anode chamber, a hydrogen production reaction chamber and other key components, and smooth flowing of liquid and gas is achieved through pipeline connection. In order to improve the reaction efficiency, key components such as a distributor, a particle confinement network and a bubble generator are arranged in the system. According to the system, microorganisms such as escherichia coli and shewanella are inoculated to form an efficient biological membrane, and a nano Fe3O4 microbial membrane is added. The system combines pulsation and stable liquid flow, efficiency is improved, and energy consumption is reduced. And the electric energy of the microbial fuel cell is introduced into the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the super capacitor, so that the electric energy is utilized and recycled. And meanwhile, the monitoring computer and the water quality detector are used for monitoring the generated voltage and water quality in real time. Chemical energy in sewage can be fully utilized, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, application with higher requirements is met, and meanwhile the reaction energy consumption is low.

A curing roasting-water leaching-normal pressure acid leaching treatment method for a lateritic nickel ore, relating to the technical field of metal smelting. The treatment method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing lateritic nickel ore dry powder, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium fluoride, and then carrying out curing roasting in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a cured material; carrying out water leaching on the cured material, and filtering to obtain a water leaching solution and water leaching residues; and carrying out normal-pressure acid leaching on the water leaching residues, and filtering to obtain an acid leaching solution and acid leaching residues. The treatment method has the characteristics of controllable reaction, short reaction period, low reaction energy consumption and relatively low production cost; and compared with a conventional high-pressure acid leaching treatment process, the treatment method can significantly reduce the acid consumption, reduce the loss of valuable metals such as cobalt and nickel, increase the metal recovery rate and improve the economic benefit of production. The treatment method can reduce the corrosion of a strong oxidant to equipment, reduce the emission of a waste liquid in the leaching process and reduce the production cost while effectively guaranteeing the cobalt-nickel leaching rate.

The invention relates to a non-noble metal-based paired electro-catalysis method for producing formic acid by coupling cathode dehalogenation with anode formaldehyde oxidation, which realizes efficient dehalogenation removal of pollutants and generation of high-value products. The Co-CuxO nanowire electrode with excellent catalytic performance is synthesized through a simple method and serves as a cathode and an anode at the same time, and the purpose that the cathode removes halogenated pollutants and the anode oxidizes formaldehyde to produce formic acid at the same time is achieved. Co-CuxO promotes generation of H *, the performance of electroreduction dehalogenation is improved, and the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid can reach 92.1% or above. And moreover, the reaction energy barrier is reduced, the selectivity of formic acid generated by oxidizing anode formaldehyde is improved, and the formic acid selectivity and Faraday efficiency can reach 100%. A paired electro-catalysis system shows extremely stable and outstanding electro-catalysis performance in the aspect of converting wastes into value-added products, and the problems of poor anode utilization rate and high energy consumption in the current electro-catalysis dehalogenation reaction are solved.

The invention relates to an electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, a zinc-iron flow battery, a power utilization device and an energy storage device. The electrolyte comprises the following components: ferrous cyanide salt, alkali, a catalyst and water; the catalyst comprises a compound with the following structural formula: # imgabs0 #, wherein each R is respectively and independently 4-carboxyl phenyl, 4-sulfonyl phenyl, 4-aminophenyl or 4-phosphorous acid; m is iron (III), cobalt (II), manganese (II) or nickel (II). The electrolyte is beneficial to electron and proton transfer and can effectively reduce an electrochemical reaction energy barrier, so that the electrochemical reaction rate and the ionic conductivity are improved, the battery energy efficiency is improved, and the voltage loss is reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method of high-purity bis (2, 4, 4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid, and belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. The preparation method comprises the steps that a phosphorus source, diisobutylene, an initiator, a solvent and a catalyst are added into a sealed reaction kettle capable of being stirred and heated to be subjected to a reaction, the high-purity bis (2, 4, 4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid is obtained, the phosphorus source is sodium hypophosphite or hypophosphorous acid, and the catalyst is disulfide. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the disulfide is adopted as the catalyst to be added into the reaction, so that the reaction can be effectively promoted to shorten the reaction time and improve the yield and purity of the product, and meanwhile, the side reaction is few, the post-treatment is simple, and the product impurity content is low.

The invention discloses a drop tube type falling film devolatilization reactor for high-viscosity fluid. The drop tube type falling film devolatilization reactor mainly comprises an outer tower and a tower core, wherein the outer tower consists of a tower top, a tower body and a tower bottom; the tower core consists of a tower plate and a plurality of falling film falling pipes which are arranged in parallel; each falling film falling pipe consists of a hollow pipe and an out-pipe falling film element fixed on the outer side wall of the hollow pipe; and the hollow pipe parts are communicated with a heat medium and are connected with each other through a heat exchange pipeline. Compared with a traditional reactor, the reactor is flexible in structure and has a large gas-liquid interface, the high-viscosity fluid is converted between a falling film form and a falling strip form, and the surface updating frequency is high; the flow is large, the residence time is controllable, and flexible production can be achieved; no external driving equipment is needed; reaction energy consumption is low, and heat transfer efficiency is high.

The invention discloses an application of a composite material as a photo-thermal catalyst in selective reduction reaction, the composite material comprises carboxylic acid functionalized carbon nanotubes and Zr-MOF coated on the surfaces of the carboxylic acid functionalized carbon nanotubes, and the surface of the composite material contains 0.8-3 at% of zirconium element. According to the composite material, the selectivity of products is greatly improved, the selectivity is 96% or above, the turnover frequency and the production rate are excellent, the use of precious metal is avoided, external source heating is not needed, and the reaction energy consumption is reduced.

The utility model relates to the technical field of reaction kettles, in particular to a reaction kettle for benzofuranone hydrogenation reaction, which comprises a kettle body and a hopper mounted at the top of the kettle body and communicated with an inner cavity of the kettle body, a scraper rotatably scrapes the inner wall of the reaction kettle, reaction solution residues are reduced, normal reaction can be ensured, and air discharged through an exhaust hole can be recycled. A fan is arranged to supply air to a plurality of stirring paddles on one hand and supply air to a spray head mounted at a feeding opening of a hopper on the other hand, so that air in the reaction kettle is prevented from escaping from the hopper, and the accuracy of detecting the condition of discharged air is improved; meanwhile, the materials are accelerated to enter the reaction kettle from the hopper, so that the solid raw materials are prevented from remaining at the material inlet of the hopper, the accurate and reliable formula proportion of each substance participating in the reaction is ensured, the gas generated by the reaction is prevented from being gathered and remaining in the reaction kettle, and the accuracy of the detection result of the gas discharged by the gas outlet pipe is further improved.

The utility model discloses a gas, liquid and solid three-phase reactor for ammonia distillation crystallization, the gas, liquid and solid three-phase reactor is of a tower structure, at least one horizontally arranged transverse baffle is arranged in the reactor at intervals from bottom to top so as to divide the reactor into a plurality of reaction chambers, the transverse baffle is provided with a shaft hole, and the shaft hole is communicated with the transverse baffle. Each reaction chamber is provided with a vertical longitudinal baffle close to the inner wall, and the stirring shaft of each reaction chamber is provided with at least one layer of stirring paddle. A gas rising hole can be formed in the transverse baffle and is matched with the shaft hole, so that mass and heat transfer of gas and liquid in the reactor is more sufficient. The reactor provided by the utility model can effectively control the decomplexing crystallization process, fulfills the aims of fully recovering ammonia and controlling crystal morphology, particle size distribution, tap density and the like, and can ensure that the reaction can be continuously and stably operated for a long time.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 1, 3-propylene glycol by hydrating and hydrogenating acrolein, which comprises the following steps: carrying out hydration reaction by taking an acrolein aqueous solution as a raw material and taking acylated and aminated modified polystyrene resin as a catalyst; carrying out flash evaporation or gas stripping on the product after the reaction to remove acrolein, condensing and recovering the removed acrolein, and carrying out hydrogenation reaction on the acrolein-removed mixed solution serving as a hydrogenation raw material on a metal catalyst; and after the reaction is finished, performing flash evaporation on the product to remove water and light components, and performing vacuum rectification to obtain a high-purity 1, 3-propylene glycol product. According to the method, the modified resin is used for catalyzing the acrolein hydration reaction, the overall yield of the 1, 3-propylene glycol can be increased, the catalyst modification process is simple, the cost is low, the additional value of the final product is high, and the method is suitable for industrial production.

The invention belongs to the field of catalyst preparation, and particularly relates to a binder for catalyst forming and a preparation method and application thereof. The binder for forming the catalyst, provided by the invention, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 to 2 parts of magnesium chloride, 1 to 2 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5 to 2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1 to 3 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 2 to 6 parts of nano-hydroxyapatite modified polyester, 1 to 3 parts of organic solvent and 10 to 35 parts of water. When the binder provided by the invention is applied to catalyst forming, on one hand, the problems that a conventional catalyst is poor in binding performance, and acid gas corrodes equipment and pollutes the environment in the roasting process can be solved; on the other hand, the surface acidity of the catalyst carrier can be reduced, a suitable reaction environment can be provided for some reactions needing to be carried out in an alkaline environment or reactions with acidic reactants and intermediates, and the selectivity and conversion rate of the reactions are improved.

The invention relates to a CO2 capture and utilization integrated bifunctional material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The CO2 capture and utilization integrated bifunctional material comprises a mixture of an adsorbent and a catalyst in a mass ratio of 1: (0.5-1.5), the adsorbent is a calcium-based adsorbent or a calcium-based adsorbent doped with a metal oxide; the catalyst is chromium-based spinel doped with transition metal elements. The transition metal element is doped into the chromium-based spinel, so that the charge distribution can be changed, the number of ethane active sites can be increased, the activation reaction energy barrier of CO2 and ethane can be reduced, the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane is facilitated, and the ethylene yield is good. According to the invention, harsh conditions such as high pressure or sealing are not needed, the preparation method is simple, toxic and harmful wastes are not generated in the production process, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical synthesis, and discloses a method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate through urea alcoholysis under photo-thermal synergistic catalysis. Uniformly mixing the mixed solution of methanol and ionic liquid, zinc salt and other metal salts, and reacting; and after the reaction is finished, centrifugally separating a product, washing, drying, and calcining to obtain the zinc-based homojunction photo-thermal catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: mixing urea, dihydric alcohol and a zinc-based homojunction photo-thermal catalyst, and reacting for 1-6 hours under the conditions that the light intensity is 1-150 mW / cm, the temperature is 130-160 DEG C and the pressure is 5-30 kPa to obtain the cyclic carbonate. The catalyst used in the method effectively overcomes the limitations of low target product synthesis efficiency and high reaction energy barrier in single thermocatalysis, and the yield of the synthesized cyclic carbonate can reach up to 84.1%. Through light energy excitation coupling thermocatalysis, the harshness of reaction conditions is significantly reduced, and efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonate under mild conditions is realized.

The invention discloses a rare earth element controlled MnCo2O4.5 oxygen evolution self-supporting electrode and an application thereof. A nano array growth method is combined with a heat treatment two-step method to directly grow rare earth elements on a conductive substrate to regulate and control the MnCo2O4.5 nano array structure. The nano array growth method can realize preparation of the catalyst with high specific surface area and good electron transport performance, avoids use of a binder, significantly improves charge transport efficiency, and enhances the binding force of the catalyst and the substrate. Rare earth cations with small magnetic moment are introduced into MnCo2O4.5 to regulate and control the electron spinning state of Co, redistribution of charges is induced, the oxygen species adsorption / desorption capacity is optimized, and the reaction energy barrier is reduced. The nano array structure provides abundant active sites and rapid mass transfer channels, and rare earth doping synergistically improves the intrinsic activity and structural stability of the material. The preparation process provided by the invention is environment-friendly, has higher flexibility and controllability, and can meet the requirements of different application scenes.

The invention discloses a transition metal phosphide catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that metal nickel salt, vanadium salt, urea and ammonium fluoride are dissolved in deionized water, and a nickel-vanadium hydroxide nanosheet precursor is synthesized through a hydrothermal method; preparing a vanadium-doped nickel phosphide nanosheet catalyst by using a low-temperature phosphating method; the electronic structure of nickel phosphide is regulated and controlled by using a vanadium doping strategy, the catalytic reaction energy barrier is reduced, and the intrinsic catalytic activity is improved; the prepared catalyst has excellent hydrogen evolution reaction and sulfur ion oxidation reaction performance, low voltage 0.389 V is needed for outputting the current density of 10 mAcm <-2 > in a constructed two-electrode sulfur ion oxidation coupling hydrogen production electrolytic cell, and the purposes of efficient and energy-saving hydrogen production and sulfur ion oxidation upgrading into a high-added-value elemental sulfur product are achieved. The synthesis method is simple and controllable, raw materials are low in price and cost, batch preparation is easy, and the catalyst can be used as an efficient water electrolysis hydrogen production and sulfur ion oxidation upgrading catalyst.