8252results about How to "Low reaction temperature" patented technology

The invention relates to a preparation method of a polymer/graphene composite material through in situ reduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting ultrasonic wave or grinding to evenly disperse the graphite oxide prepared by a Hummers method into polymer dispersion; introducing reducing agent into the polymer dispersion for in situ reduction, enabling the graphite oxide to be reduced into the grapheme so as to obtain stable polymer/graphene composite emulsion; carrying out demulsification, agglomeration and drying to obtain the composite polymer/grapheme composite master batch; adding the dried polymer/grapheme composite master batch and various assistants into the polymeric matrix according to a certain ratio; and carrying out double-roller mixing, vulcanization, melt extrusion or injection molding to obtain the polymer/graphene composite material with excellent physical and mechanical properties.

By using the soluble salt of transition metalz Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Sb and Bi, selenious acid or its solutl salt, or antimonous acid or its soluble salt as raw material, and hydrazine hydrate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, hydroxylamine or hydrazine sulfate as reductant, and through hydrothermal reduction reaction at 100-200 deg.c in a sealed container for 2 hr to 5 days, selenides or tellurides of the said metals as semiconductor material may be synthesized. Unlike available synthesis process, which needs high temperature, toxic feedstock and complex technological course, the present invention has the advantages of low-cost material, simple apparatus, easy control, good technological reproducibility, stable product quality, etc.

The invention discloses a normal-temperature synthesis method for a polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent, and belongs to the field of cement concrete water-reducing agents. The water-reducing agent is prepared by the following steps of: copolymerizing polyoxyethylene ether monomer or polyoxyethylene ester monomer a containing unsaturated double bonds, unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and derivative monomer thereof b, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid c and unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt monomer thereof d in aqueous solution under the action of an oxidation reduction initiator, and finally neutralizing the solution by using alkali solution to obtain the water-reducing agent. The reaction can be performed at room temperature by adopting an oxidation reduction initiating system, and the appropriate reaction temperature is between 5 and 30 DEG C; and the synthesis process does not need heating, so energy is saved, and high-temperature side reaction is effectively controlled. The prepared polycarboxylic acid high-performance water-reducing agent has the characteristics of high water-reducing rate and good collapse protecting performance. The water-reducing agent has wide application range, and the method has low production process requirement and is suitable for industrialized large-scale production.

The invention provides a method and device for preparing 6-amino-capronitrile from caprolactam by adopting a liquid phase method. In the method for preparing the 6-amino-capronitrile, the caprolactamis taken as a raw material; the method for preparing the 6-amino-capronitrile comprises the following step: S1: mixing the caprolactam, an organic solvent and a catalyst at a certain mass ratio, so asto obtain a mixed solution, adding the mixed solution into a reaction kettle and stirring and heating the mixed solution; S2: when the mixed solution in step S1 reaches certain temperature, introducing ammonia gas into the mixed solution for a reaction; S3, after the reaction in step S2 is ended, rectifying and purifying a reaction product, so as to obtain pure 6-amino-capronitrile. In the methodfor preparing the 6-amino-capronitrile, the caprolactam is taken as the raw material, the reaction conversion rate is comparatively high, and the preparation process is simple.

The invention relates to a method for hydrogenating naphthenic base distillate to produce lubricating oil basic oil. The naphthenic distillate is used as raw material and a one-stage in series hydrogenation process of hydrotreating-hydrodewaxing-hydrofinishing is adopted to produce the lubricating oil basic oil. Ordinary hydrotreating catalysts are filled in the upper part of a hydrotreating reaction area, and hydrotreating catalysts containing modified zeolites are filled in the lower part of the hydrotreating reaction area. The hydrodewaxing and hydrofinishing reaction areas are the same as those of the prior art, and are filled with hydrodewaxing catalysts and hydrofinishing catalysts. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that system energy consumption is reduced, the pour point of a product is properly reduced, and the stability of the product is effectively improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by solid acid catalysis. The method comprises the following steps of taking lignin residue hydrolyzed by biomass as carrier raw material of solid acid; synthesizing the raw material into solid acid through a two-step way of carbonization and sulfonation, so that the waste material is recycled and the problem of disposal of pollutants is solved. In the dehydration reaction of lignin-based solid acid catalyzed fructose and glucose, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural can be respectively 84% and 68%; after the dehydration reaction, the lignin-based solid acid is easy to separate and reusable, the acid density of the solid acid can be reduced after being reused five times, and the yield of the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is still higher than 75%. The method provided by the invention can be used for realizing emission without pollution, and is helpful for realizing environment-friendly producing process of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide methanation catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The carbon dioxide methanation catalyst takes an aerogel oxide as a vector, an additive is added, nickel is used as an active component, the additive is alkali metal or alkali earth metal, and the aerogel oxide vector is silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide or a compoundthereof. The catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-40wt.% of nickel and 0.01-30wt.% of the additive. The catalyst of the invention has high catalytic activity and stability, and can effectively catalyze carbon dioxide to be hydrogenated into methane at normal pressure under the reaction conditions that the air speed is 2000-20000h<-1>, the ratio of H2 to CO2 is 4:1, and the temperature is 300-500 DEG C. The maximum conversion rate of CO2 is higher than 90% and the maximum selectivity of CH4 is 99.9%. The preparation method of the catalyst of the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easy operation, lower cost and certain application prospects.

A hydrogenation method for producing high-quality diesel oil and high-quality reforming materials comprises the following steps of: mixing diesel oil and/or a light wax oil material with hydrogen gas, and sequentially contact-reacting with a hydrorefining catalyst and a hydrocracking catalyst without middle separation, cooling the reaction result, and separating to obtain a light naphtha fraction, a heavy naphtha fraction, a kerosene fraction, a diesel oil fraction and a tail oil fraction, wherein the kerosene fraction and/or the tail oil fraction can be directly extracted or partially or completely recycled back to the reaction system. By adopting single-stage once-through process and a non-noble metal catalyst, the invention can produce the reforming materials with high aromatic content and the diesel oil fraction with high cetane number, wherein the yield of the reforming material is larger than 20wt%, and the cetane number of the diesel oil fraction can be improved by more than 15 units. The method provided by the invention has high operation flexibility and can flexibly adjust the technical scheme according to different raw materials and different product scheme requirements.

The inferior gasoline hydrogenating modification process includes cutting the material gasoline at 60-90 deg.c into light fraction and heavy fraction; mixing the heavy fraction with hydrogen, reacting with hydrogenating and desulfurizing catalyst via contact, and reacting the effluent with aromatizing modification catalyst for aromatizing modification to obtain high octane number and low sulfur gasoline fraction; and mixing the modified heavy gasoline fraction with the light fraction or the light fraction after mercaptol eliminating pre-treatment to obtain the product gasoline. The said process makes the gasoline product possess S content not more than 150 ppm, olefin content not more than 20 %, arene content not more than 40 % and 1-3 unit raised RON.

The invention discloses a method for preparing semi-aromatic nylon and belongs to the technical field of macromolecular material synthesis. The method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing aliphatic diamine and water of which the weight is two to ten times that of the aliphatic diamine, heating the mixture to the temperature of between 50 and 90 DEG C, adding aromatic diacid into the mixture with stirring till a pH value of the solution reaches 7.0-7.7, continuously stirring for 1 to 5 hours, cooling the solution to room temperature, continuously stirring the solution for 1 to 5 hours again, and filtering and drying to obtain nylon salt for later use; and (2) adding the prepared nylon salt and a solvent to a polymerization kettle in a certain mixture ratio (0.5 to 3.0 g/mL), raising the temperature to between 190 and 230 DEG C under the protection of inert gas, keeping the pressure in the kettle between 2.0 and 3.0 MPa, discharging gas after 1 to 5 hours to make the pressure in the kettle reduced to normal pressure within 1 to 5 hours, raising the temperature to between 210 and 270 DEG C, and continuing to react for 1 to 5 hours, and discharging to obtain a powdery semi-aromatic nylon product. The method has mild reaction condition and low energy consumption; the product is easy to mold and machine; and the method solves the difficult problem of difficult discharging of the semi-aromatic nylon, and is applicable to industrialized production.

This invention discloses a hydrogenation method for producing low-sulfur diesel oil. The method comprises: mixing base oil with hydrogen, introducing into a hydrogenation reactor to orderly contact hydrogenation protecting agent, hydrorefining catalyst I, hydrorefining catalyst II and freely selected hydrorefining catalyst III for reactions, cooling the effluent, and separating to obtain hydrogen-rich gas and liquid product. With the synergism of the catalysts, the whole catalyst activity is improved. By the method, high-sulfur, high-nitrogen and high-metal content diesel oil fraction can be treated under mild conditions, and low-sulfur diesel oil that can meet Europe III standard and Europe IV standard can be obtained. The method has such advantages as simple process, low operation pressure, low apparatus investment and low operation cost.

The invention relates to a method for preparing rutile-phase vanadium dioxide powder, in particular to a method for preparing rutile-phase vanadium dioxide powder through a hydrothermal method. The method for preparing rutile-phase vanadium dioxide powder adopts the conditions of different vanadium materials, dopants and doping ratios, and the like, to obtain rutile-phase vanadium dioxide powders with good crystallization performance and in shapes of grains, nanometer rods and snowflake-shaped grains. The temperature for transforming the powder from semiconductor phase to conductor phase can be reduced approximately to the room temperature.

The invention relates to a method for extracting vanadium by decomposing vanadium slag under normal pressure with sodium hydroxide solution. The method comprises the following steps of: adding vanadium slag or preprocessed vanadium slag, water and NaOH into a normal pressure reactor, wherein the mass ratio of NaOH to the vanadium slag is (2-6): 1, and the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 65-90wt%; oxidizing in the presence of an oxidizing gas at the temperature 180-260 DEG C for 0.5-6 hours, and then diluting the obtained reaction sizing agent with diluent, thus mixed sizing agent containing sodium hydroxide, sodium vanadate, sodium chromate and slag tailing is obtained; and filtering and separating the mixed sizing agent at the temperature of 80-130 DEG C, thus the slag tailing and aqueous solution containing vanadium are obtained. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the operating temperature is below the boiling temperature of solution, the process can be carried out under normal pressure, the operation is easy, and the safety is good; and the operating temperature is far less than the operating temperature of the traditional vanadium extracting process, the extraction ratio of vanadium is high, and the total vanadium content in the slag tailing is 0.5-1wt% (taking the weight of V2O5 as the basis).

The invention relates to a laterite-nickel ore combination leaching process, which comprises that: limonite type laterite-nickel ore is subjected to crushing grading, and then is added with concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out primary stage normal pressure stirring self-heating leaching, serpentine type laterite-nickel ore is subjected to crushing grinding, the obtained serpentine type laterite-nickel ore and the primary stage leached ore magma are concurrently conveyed to a pressure kettle, and serpentine is leached by using the primary stage normal pressure leaching residual acid and the acid produced through iron precipitation in the pressure kettle, or mixing type laterite-nickel ore is subjected to grading, the obtained fine particle-grade ore is added with concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out primary stage normal pressure stirring leaching, ore on the sieve is subjected to crushing grinding, the grinded ore and the primary stage leached ore magma are concurrently conveyed to a pressure kettle, and coarse particle-grade ore leaching is performed by using the primary stage normal pressure leaching residual acid and the acid produced through iron precipitation in the pressure kettle. According to the invention, the process has characteristics of no special requirements on ore types and grades, wide raw material adaptability, investment reduction, energy consumption reduction, production cost reduction, and simple process, wherein the Ni recovery rate and the Co recovery rate of the whole process of the present invention are respectively more than 90% and 88%, and are higher than the Ni recovery rate and the Co recovery rate of the treatment method in the existing non-high-pressure acid leaching technology.

The invention relates to organic silicon modified acrylate emulsion and a preparation method thereof. A core-shell structure synthesis method is adopted for preparation, a core layer/shell layer glass transition temperature is designed to be -30- -25 DEG C/ 0-5 DEG C and lower than conventional core-shell emulsion. The emulsion comprises core-shell emulsion monomers, initiator accounting for 0.4-0.6% of the total mass of the monomers, composite emulsifier accounting for 2.5-4.5% of the total mass of the monomers, pH (potential hydrogen) buffering agent accounting for 0.4-0.6% of the total mass of the monomers and the balance deionized water. The emulsion preparation method includes (1) pre-emulsifying, (2) core-layer emulsion preparation, and (3) core-shell emulsion preparation. The emulsion which is aqueous emulsion is environment-friendly and high in stability, bonding power and tensile strength, has functions of softening, smoothening and the like for surface treatment of fabrics and the like, and is widely applicable to the fields of spinning, papermaking, leather, painting, water-based ink and the like.

The invention provides a preparation method for a silicon nano material and application. The preparation method comprises: mixing a silicon source, a reducing agent and fused salt and carrying out a reaction under a sealed condition to obtain the silicon nano material, wherein the reducing agent is a metal. Compared to the prior art, the silicon source is reduced in a fused salt system. The raw materials used are cheap, the reaction temperature is reduced as a result of the fused salt, and no organic solvents are added, so that the preparation flow is simple and environmental-friendly.

A process for preparing biologic diesel oil from plant oil and methanol includes such steps as proportionally adding plant oil and methanol into high-pressure reactor, adding solid catalyst, reaction, separating out catalyst, laying aside for layering, distilling the mixture of methanol and methyl ester of fatty acid on upper layer to obtain methyl ester of fatty acid (biologic diesel oil ) and distilling the mixture of methanol and glycerine on lower layer to obtain glycerine.