Preparation method for silicon nano material and application

A silicon nanotechnology, reaction technology, applied in nanotechnology, nanotechnology, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of high energy consumption and high temperature

Active Publication Date: 2015-11-25
UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Silicon dioxide and silicate are the main ways of existence of silicon in nature, easy to obtain and cheap, so they are the main raw materials for industrial silicon production at present, but the synthesis method using it as raw material requires high temperature and energy consumption larger

Method used

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  • Preparation method for silicon nano material and application
  • Preparation method for silicon nano material and application
  • Preparation method for silicon nano material and application

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preparation example Construction

[0037] The invention provides a preparation method of silicon nanometer material, comprising: mixing silicon source, reducing agent and molten salt, heating and reacting under airtight conditions to obtain silicon nanometer material; the reducing agent is metal.

[0038] Among them, the present invention has no special limitation on the raw materials for the reaction, which can be commercially available.

[0039] The silicon source can be a silicon-containing material well known to those skilled in the art without any special limitation. In the present invention, it is preferably one or more of silicon-oxygen compounds, silicates, silicon-containing minerals, and biomass; The silicon oxide compound is preferably one or more of silicon dioxide, white carbon black and silicon monoxide; the silicate is preferably a molecular sieve; the silicon-containing mineral is preferably diatomaceous earth, potassium feldspar, One or more of albite, quartz sand and sepiolite; the biomass is ...

Embodiment 1

[0051] Mix 0.6g of silicon dioxide, 0.6g of magnesium powder and 5.0g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride evenly, put it into a 20ml stainless steel autoclave, seal it and place it in a resistance crucible furnace, heat it to 200°C for 10h, and then cool it naturally to room temperature; after opening the kettle, the obtained product was washed with water, washed with 1mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid and centrifuged, and the obtained solid was soaked in hydrofluoric acid for a short period of time for 60 seconds, and then further washed with water and centrifuged to dry to obtain silicon nanomaterials with a yield of 60%.

[0052] Utilize X-ray powder diffractometer to carry out X-ray diffraction analysis to the silicon nanomaterial obtained in embodiment 1, obtain its X-ray diffraction spectrum figure such as figure 1 shown. Depend on figure 1 It can be seen that in the X-ray diffraction spectrum, 2θ has clearly visible diffraction peaks in the range of 10° to 80°, and all diff...

Embodiment 2

[0057] Mix 0.6g of silicon dioxide (a by-product of the optical fiber preform of Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99.999%), 0.6g of magnesium powder and 5.0g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride evenly and put them into 20ml of stainless steel high-pressure Kettle, sealed and placed in a resistance crucible furnace, heated to 500 ° C for 10 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature; after the kettle was opened, the product obtained was washed with water, washed with 1mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid and centrifuged, and the obtained solid was treated with hydrofluoric acid. Soak for 60 seconds for a short time, then further wash with water and centrifuge and dry to obtain silicon nanomaterials with a yield of 80%.

[0058] Utilize X-ray powder diffractometer to carry out X-ray diffraction analysis to the silicon nanomaterial obtained in embodiment 2, obtain its X-ray diffraction spectrum figure such as Figure 4 shown. Depend on Figure 4 It can...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method for a silicon nano material and application. The preparation method comprises: mixing a silicon source, a reducing agent and fused salt and carrying out a reaction under a sealed condition to obtain the silicon nano material, wherein the reducing agent is a metal. Compared to the prior art, the silicon source is reduced in a fused salt system. The raw materials used are cheap, the reaction temperature is reduced as a result of the fused salt, and no organic solvents are added, so that the preparation flow is simple and environmental-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of silicon nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of silicon nanometer materials. Background technique [0002] Since silicon nanomaterials have high theoretical capacity (~4200mAh / g) and low discharge potential (<0.5V, Li / Li + ), is considered to be the best material for batteries to replace the traditional negative electrodes of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Based on the important application of silicon nanomaterials in functional electronic devices, its preparation has attracted extensive attention. [0003] In order to synthesize nano-silicon materials that can be used as anode materials for lithium batteries, a large number of synthesis methods have been developed. [0004] Pyrolysis of SiH at 400 °C in a reactor with a pressure of 3 Torr by chemical vapor deposition 4 / H 2 (50%) and pH 3 / H 2 (100ppm) mixed gas, and prepared silicon nanowir...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B33/021C01B33/023H01M4/38B82Y30/00
CPCY02E60/10Y02P20/54
Inventor 钱逸泰朱永春林宁
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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