The invention discloses a
power transmission line insulator defect detection method based on
deep learning, and the method comprises the steps: S1, obtaining an
aerial image, carrying out the preprocessing of the
aerial image, and generating an insulator defect detection
data set; s2, based on a YOLOv8n model, introducing a
space object attention module (RCS-OSA), and improving the
feature extraction capability under a complex background; s3, adding an
extrusion excitation network (SENet) in the neck network of the model to enhance the feature expression ability between channels; s4, constructing a
small target detection layer, and adding a high-resolution feature map (160 * 160) to capture small defect target information; s5, optimizing a detection head by using multi-scale
feature fusion and a dynamic
label distribution strategy, and improving the recognition precision of the model on insulator defects under a complex background; and S6, outputting defect positions, types and confidence coefficients based on a detection result, and generating an
electric power inspection report. According to the method, the accuracy and robustness of insulator defect detection under the complex background of the
power transmission line are effectively improved, and the method has relatively high applicability and real-time performance.