1070 results about "Chemical adsorption" patented technology

An apparatus and method for plasma enhanced monolayer (PEM) processing, wherein excited species from a non-condensable gas plasma are delivered to a substrate surface during the reaction of a chemical precursor with a previously chemisorbed monolayer on the substrate surface; the excited species lower the activation energy of the monolayer formation reaction and also modulate the film properties. In preferred embodiments a process reactor has linear injectors arranged diametrically above a substrate and reactive gases are sequentially injected onto the substrate surface while it is being rotated. The reactor can be operated in pulse precursor and pulsed plasma, constant precursor and constant plasma modes, or a combination thereof.

A sorbent-based gas storage and dispensing system, including a storage and dispensing vessel containing a solid-phase physical sorbent medium having a sorbate gas physically adsorbed thereon. A chemisorbent material is provided in the vessel to chemisorb the impurities for gas phase removal thereof in the storage and dispensing vessel. Desorbed sorbate gas is discharged from the storage and dispensing vessel by a dispensing assembly coupled to the vessel. The chemisorbent may be provided in a capsule including an impurity-permeable, but sorbate gas-impermeable membrane, and installed in the vessel at the time of sorbent material loading. Semiconductor manufacturing processes and products manufactured by such processes are described.

The present invention provides catalytic adsorbents formed from doping activated carbon with a dispersed halide salt. The catalytic adsorbents provided herein are stable and harmless at room temperature, yet allow for chemical adsorption at elevated temperatures typical of those for flue gas streams. The present invention also provides methods of manufacturing the doped activated carbon adsorbents.

The present invention provides catalytic adsorbents formed from doping activated carbon with a dispersed halide salt. The catalytic adsorbents provided herein are stable and harmless at room temperature, yet allow for chemical adsorption at elevated temperatures typical of those for flue gas streams. The present invention also provides methods of manufacturing the doped activated carbon adsorbents.

A continuous monitoring method and system wherein a porous substrate or film is used. The air from the environment is drawn through a region of the porous substrate by a simple air pump and the substances in the air are deposited or chemically adsorbed onto the surface of the substrate. The region of the substrate where the environmental air is drawn through is continuously monitored by an optical or spectrometric method. The substrate is in the form of a tape supplied by a feed reel in a reel-to-reel cartridge and taken up by a take-up reel as found in a film cartridge or a magnetic tape cartridge. The cartridge can be replaceable. A variety of materials may be employed as the substrate with an adequate surface area to effect accumulation of solid, liquid, aerosol, or gas phase compounds. An optical interrogation system is engineered such that the surface of the tape at the point where air from the environment is drawn through the substrate becomes the interaction region between the source output and the sample. As material from the environment accumulates in this region, the interaction of the source with the material is monitored by a suitable detector and supporting circuitry.

The invention discloses an MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) based carbon dioxide adsorbent, which includes MOFs and organic amine loaded in the pore channels and on the surface of MOFs. The mass ratio of the MOFs to the organic amine is 0.1-10:1. The MOFs based carbon dioxide adsorbent provided by the invention realizes the combined action of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption and can adsorb and store carbon dioxide at medium and low temperature, and regeneration and reutilization of the adsorbent can be realized under certain condition. The MOFs based carbon dioxide adsorbent has good adsorption capacity, high selectivity and cycling stability on carbon dioxide, and can overcome the disadvantages of easy volatilization and easy corrosion of equipment in organic amine so as to meet the industrial processing requirements. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the MOFs based carbon dioxide adsorbent and application of the adsorbent in adsorption of carbon dioxide in flue gas.

This invention includes atomic layer deposition methods of depositing oxide comprising layers on substrates. In one implementation, a substrate is positioned within a deposition chamber. A first species is chemisorbed to form a first species monolayer onto the substrate within the deposition chamber from a gaseous first precursor. The chemisorbed first species is contacted with a gaseous second precursor effective to react with the first species to form an oxide of a component of the first species monolayer. The contacting at least in part results from flowing O₃ to the deposition chamber, with the O₃ being at a temperature of at least 170° C. at a location where it is emitted into the deposition chamber. The chemisorbing and the contacting are successively repeated to form an oxide comprising layer on the substrate. Additional aspects and implementations are contemplated.

The invention provides a method for simultaneously removing phosphorous and nitrogen through the synergistic effect of nanoscale-iron and microbes. The method is characterized in that firstly limonite ore is broken and sieved so as to obtain particulate materials with the required particle size, the particulate materials mainly comprising nanoscale iron and having millimeter particle size and the porous structure characteristic are prepared through high temperature reduction under a hydrogen or carbon monoxide atmosphere, the nanoscale iron in the particulate materials slowly release nascent hydrogen atoms and hydrogen gas, and nitrate is chemically reduced; meanwhile, the particulate materials have relatively high void ratio, and abundant function anaerobic microbe denitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner parts and the outer surfaces of the particulate materials and reduce the nitrate by using hydrogen released through reaction between the nanoscale-iron and water as electron donors; adherent dependent nitrate iron-oxidizing bacteria also have the effect of reducing the nitrate; the nitrate in wastewater is removed under the chemical action of the nanoscale-iron and the synergistic effects of the anaerobic microbes; ferrous and ferric hydroxides are continuously formed on the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces of the porous particulate materials through the chemical reaction of the nanoscale-iron and water and the synergistic effect of the anaerobic microbes, so that the chemical adsorption of phosphorous in water is promoted, thus the effect of simultaneously removing phosphorous and nitrogen is achieved.

A system and method to remove a polluting agent or contaminant, including but not limited to mercury, from the liquid phase of a process system using an adsorbent. In one exemplary embodiment, a magnetic or non-magnetic support with a chemisorbing or physisorbing sorbent is suspended in the liquid phase of a process system, under conditions in which the polluting agent binds to the adsorbent. The pollutant-bearing adsorbent may then be separated from the process system by either physical or magnetic means. The polluting agent may then disassociated from the adsorbent so the adsorbent is regenerated and capable of repeated use.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of materials and biology, and in particular relates to a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tag microsphere and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: reducing silver nitrate solution by using a reducing agent by taking a polymer microsphere of which the surface is provided with a carboxyl functional group as a template by an in-situ chemical reduction method to prepare a composite microsphere with uniform and compact surface silver nanoparticle coverage degree; and cladding a silicon dioxide shell by using a chemical adsorption Raman probe molecule and a silane coupling agent by a sol-gel method to obtain the SERS tag microsphere with high SERS activity. The SERS tag microsphere has monodispersity, high stability and high biocompatibility, a silicon dioxide surface is easily modified into functional groups such as an amino group or carboxyl and the like, and the SERS tag microsphere is chemically combined with a biomolecule and is applied to the fields of immunoassay, biomedical imaging, disease treatment and the like. The method is easy to operate, and has a controllable process and a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a process for treating mine wastewater containing sulfur minerals, As, Pb and Cd, which comprises the following steps: (1) performing blast aeration and oxidation treatment on the mine wastewater containing the sulfur minerals, As, Pb and Cd in an aeration tank; (2) neutralizing and coagulating the wastewater after the aeration and oxidation in a neutralization tank and controlling the pH to be between 8.6 and 9.5; (3) standing and depositing the wastewater after the neutralization and the coagulation treatment in a sedimentation tank; and (4) after the wastewater is clear after standing for a certain period of time, performing advanced treatment on heavy metal in a supernatant in a physical and chemical adsorption device and an activated carbon filtering system to obtain clean water meeting the environmental-protection or agricultural requirement. Through the process, peculiar smell in the mine wastewater can be eliminated, the wastewater color is changed to be normal, and the requirement of the quality of mine wastewater containing the discharged sulfur minerals, As, Pb and Cd in 'Standards for irrigation water quality' (GB5084-2005) can be met.

An outer plate 31, which is used under a lubricated environment of a differential gear oil including a friction adjuster, is made of a SC tempered material which is subjected to nitriding treatment to suppress chemical adsorption of the friction adjuster. An inner plate 33 has paper on a surface thereof. The outer plate 31 and the inner plate 33 are provided to apply or release the torque between an outer differential case 3 and an inner differential case 5 of a rear differential device 1 having the outer differential case 3 and the inner differential case 5 capable of relatively rotating to the inside and the outside.

In present ivnention the aliphatic acid which is easy to be adsorbed on the solid surface is used as raw material, with the chemical adsorption property of active group being in solution on some solids (silver and aluminium oxide) and sol-gel method to prepare solid film and self-assemble stable and ordered unimolecular aliphatic acid extra-thin film with low surface energy on it. It is characterized by that toxicity of raw material is low, film is compact and uniform, its preparation process is simple, said film possesses good abrasion-resistance, anti-friction property and antisticking property, and said ivnented aliphatic acid unimolecular film and solid film also have good combination property.

Described herein are compositions and methods for capturing carbonylic or phenolic toxicants, or converting these toxicants into less volatile compounds. The toxicants, which may be a component of cigarette smoke, may be captured by physical or chemical adsorption, absorption, or entrapment.

A method is provided which includes dispensing and removing different deposition solutions during an electroless deposition process to form different sub-films of a composite layer. Another method includes forming a film by an electroless deposition process and subsequently annealing the microelectronic topography to induce diffusion of an element within the film. Yet another method includes reiterating different mechanisms of deposition growth, namely interfacial electroless reduction and chemical adsorption, from a single deposition solution to form different sub-films of a composite layer. A microelectronic topography resulting from one or more of the methods includes a film formed in contact with a structure having a bulk concentration of a first element. The film has periodic successions of regions each comprising a region with a concentration of a second element greater than a set amount and a region with a concentration of the second element less than the set amount.

The invention relates to an ionic liquid precursor and a mesoporous material for supporting the ionic liquid precursor, synthesis and application. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1) synthesizing the ionic liquid precursor; 2) synthesizing the mesoporous material for supporting the ionic liquid precursor; and 3) acidizing or alkalifying the synthesized mesoporous material for supporting the ionic liquid precursor according to the requirements so as to obtain a target product. The loading capacity of the mesoporous material for supporting the ionic liquid precursor is relatively adjusted, and a mesoporous material for supporting functionalized ionic liquid can be obtained by further acidizing or alkalifying the material according to the requirements. The amount, strength of acid and alkali, properties, variety and the like of ionic liquid supported on the material are adjustable, so that the material can meet the demand of application such as various acid and alkaline catalytic reactions, chemical adsorption and separation and the like. By the material, the using amount of the ionic liquid is greatly reduced, the better catalytic effect is achieved when the material is applied to aldol condensation reactions, and the recycling of a catalyst can be realized. The kind of material is expected to be used for catalyzing more chemical reactions, and may be applied in the fields of adsorption, separation, ionic conductance and the like.

The invention provides a quaternized chitosan modified bentonite adsorption material. Chitosan for sodium based bentonite is modified at first, chitosan macromolecules are compounded with the bentonite, on the one hand, characteristics of high expansion, high suspension and the like of the bentonite in the waste water can be reduced, on the other hand, the problem that the chitosan is small in density, floats easily and is difficultly in contact with pollutants in a solution is solved; the chitosan sodium based bentonite is subjected to intercalation modification by using (2,3-glycidyl) trimethylammonium chloride as a modifying agent to obtain the quaternized chitosan modified bentonite adsorption material with a layered hole structure, the bentonite adsorption material has large specific surface area and has good adsorption property on the lead ions in the waste water, the maximum adsorption amount can reach 91.81 mg/g, and therefore, the quaternized chitosan modified bentonite adsorption material conforms to a Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and a quasi-second-order kinetic model, belongs to monomolecular-layer adsorption and is chemical adsorption.