713 results about "Void ratio" patented technology

This invention relates to preparation method gas phase siliconizing technique preparing high compact fiber reinforcement SiC group composite material. Protection layer interface is formed on fiber surface through gas phase or liquid phase, then they are dipped and cracked through nm SiC slime to make certain density precast body of fiber reinforcement SiC group. Carbon is added into the body through dipping and cracking way to form group body with certain pore, the group body penetrates inner part of the multi-hole body through gas phase silicon after it is high temperature treated, then it reacts with carbon and fills the pore to get compact basal body. The density of the material can reach 2.25-2.30g/cm3, open porosity is 3-6 percent; it is large more higher than traditional method of getting Cf/SiC material.

A Plasma or serum separation membrane that enables omitting centrifugal separation, is free from hemolysis attributed to destruction of red blood cells and realizes easy and rapid separation of plasma or serum from blood; and a filter apparatus including the plasma or serum separation membrane. In particular, a plasma or serum separation membrane being a membrane for separation of plasma or serum from blood and having a void ratio of 30% or below; and a filter apparatus comprising a filter member capable of attaining movement of plasma swifter than movement of blood cells and a plasma or serum separation membrane connected in series with a rear side of the filter member.

The invention discloses a preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane. In the method, high concentration polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous emulsion is mixed with matrix polymer uniformly to prepare spinning solution. With the effect of high voltage electric field, polytetrafluoroethylene/matrix polymer composite superfine fiber porous membrane with the diameter of 100 nm to 2 [mu]m is obtained by electrostatic spinning, and then polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane is formed at the conditions of sintering temperature being 330 to 500 DEG C and the sintering time lasting 30s to 5min so that the aperture diameter is 100 nm to 10 [mu]m and the porosity is 50% to 80%. The polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane prepared by using the method has uniform aperture diameter and high porosity, and can be widely applied to filter material. Compared with the existing technology, the preparation method has the characteristics of simple processing technology, short process and low cost.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete construction and particularly relates to a design method for a mixing proportion of a self-compacting concrete mixture. The method comprises the steps of: determining a performance design target; determining mixing strength and a water-binder ratio; determining densest gradation (or a sand rate) of aggregates and void ratios of different packing states; determining the usage amount of binding materials and mixing water; determining the usage amount of the aggregates; determining the usage amount of additives; determining the actual adding amount of the mixing water; and the like. According to the method provided by the present invention, aimed at blindness of material selection during self-compacting concrete mixing proportion design in the prior art, based on a fundamental theory of particulate dense packing and a composition rule of reaching a densest packing state of solid particulate materials with different particulate diameters, a mixing proportion of different materials is determined by an actually measured densest packing state, and relationships are established between the material mixing proportions corresponding to different densest packing states and expected self-compacting performance grades of the mixture, so that the design method used for the mixing proportion of the self-compacting high-performance concrete mixture and based on a use performance as a target is constructed.

Disclosed is a cover material of polymer modification rubber powder porous concrete with high toughness and a making technique thereof. Wherein, in per cubic meter of the concrete, the polymer is 20 to 75 kg, the cement is 200 to 400 kg, and the water to cement ratio is between 0.25 to 0.40 ; in aggregates, the amount of a fine aggregate is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the amount of a coarse aggregate is more than or equal to 80 percent; 0 to 5 kg of plasticizer and/ or defoamer are/is added; rubber powder, whose volume fraction is not more than 50 percent, is used to replace the natural aggregate ; or the cement is replaced by mineral admixtures which are not more than 40 percent. The cover material is made by a small machine, a three-roller and an asphalt paver. The main technical parameters of the cover material are as follows: compressive strength is more than or equal to 15 MPa, flexural strength is more than or equal to 5 MPa, anti-skid structure depth is more than or equal to 2.0 mm, porosity is 18 to 22 percent, permeability coefficient is more than or equal to 1.5 mm/s, sound absorption coefficient is more than or equal to 0.30, and noise reduction effect is more than or equal to 5 dB. The cover material can comprehensively utilize the discarded rubber with the advantages of high toughness, sliding resistance and sound absorption and noise reduction. Thus, the cover material is applicable to the covers of the highway, the municipal road and the flat.

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery electrode, a preparation method thereof, a lithium ion battery, and a preparation method and application of the lithium ion battery. The preparation method for the electrode of the lithium ion battery comprises a step of preparing slurry containing a pore forming agent and a step of drying, rolling and slitting the electrode of the lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery comprises the lithium ion battery electrode prepared by the preparation method for the lithium ion battery electrode. The preparation method for the lithium ion battery electrode is simple, high in efficiency and suitable for industrial production, and conditions are easy to control. Voids in the prepared lithium ion battery electrode are uniformly distributed, and a void ratio is higher than that of an ordinary electrode. The lithium ion battery has low internal resistance, high cycle performance and high energy density, so that the application range of the lithium ion battery is widened.

A plasma or serum separation membrane capable of omitting centrifugation, without hemolysis caused by red blood cell destruction, capable of conveniently and quickly separating plasma or serum from blood; and a filter comprising a plasma or serum separation membrane. In particular, a plasma or serum separation membrane is a membrane that separates plasma or serum from blood and has a void ratio of 30% or less; and a filter that includes a filter element capable of moving plasma faster than blood cells And the plasma or serum separation membrane sequentially connected with the rear side of the filter element.

The invention provides a method for simultaneously removing phosphorous and nitrogen through the synergistic effect of nanoscale-iron and microbes. The method is characterized in that firstly limonite ore is broken and sieved so as to obtain particulate materials with the required particle size, the particulate materials mainly comprising nanoscale iron and having millimeter particle size and the porous structure characteristic are prepared through high temperature reduction under a hydrogen or carbon monoxide atmosphere, the nanoscale iron in the particulate materials slowly release nascent hydrogen atoms and hydrogen gas, and nitrate is chemically reduced; meanwhile, the particulate materials have relatively high void ratio, and abundant function anaerobic microbe denitrifying bacteria adhere to the inner parts and the outer surfaces of the particulate materials and reduce the nitrate by using hydrogen released through reaction between the nanoscale-iron and water as electron donors; adherent dependent nitrate iron-oxidizing bacteria also have the effect of reducing the nitrate; the nitrate in wastewater is removed under the chemical action of the nanoscale-iron and the synergistic effects of the anaerobic microbes; ferrous and ferric hydroxides are continuously formed on the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces of the porous particulate materials through the chemical reaction of the nanoscale-iron and water and the synergistic effect of the anaerobic microbes, so that the chemical adsorption of phosphorous in water is promoted, thus the effect of simultaneously removing phosphorous and nitrogen is achieved.

The invention discloses a soil and stone mixed filling roadbed compaction degree detecting method, which comprises the steps of: randomly selecting a soil and stone mixed filling roadbed test site, and obtaining the site compaction degree by a single-point douche or a sand cone method; carrying out fast static test in a preset position near the test site and obtaining a curve between the penetration power P and the penetration depth w; calculating the average density Rhom of the soil and stone mixed filling roadbed and calculating the initial void ratio n0 in the preset position; carrying out linear fitting according to the curve between the penetration power P and the penetration depth w and obtaining the value of the initial intermediate quantity a0 and b0; calculating the void-free deformation modulus E0 of stone particles of the soil and stone mixed filling roadbed; and calculating the compaction degree of other positions, i.e. the compaction degree in the ordinary positions. The method can be used for fast, stably and accurately detecting the compaction degree of the soil and stone mixed filling roadbed and is suitable for any compaction process and roadbeds compacted by compaction machinery.

An installation and a method for removing dissolved biodegradable compounds as a biological treatment step up-stream of an equipment to be protected from biofouling being part of a ground water, surface water or tertiary wastewater treatment line, wherein said upstream biological treatment step is carried out in at least one packed bed bioreactor comprising a vessel or a tank filled with packing elements, characterized in that: iv) said packing elements of said packed bed show a void fraction of at least 70% and the flow velocity of water through said packed bed bioreactor is at least 20 m/h, so that said packed bed does not have a removal efficiency of suspended solids in water, if any, of more than 30%; v) said packing elements of said packed bed show a specific surface area of at least 750 m2/m3; vi) said process does not require the use of any biocide or biostatic compound.

The invention discloses an asphalt mixture fatigue test numerical simulation method based on random generation. The method comprises the steps of randomly generating a test piece; determining the particle number, grading and irregular shape of coarse aggregates according to the test piece to be formed; determining that the coarse aggregates are not overlapped; generating irregular coarse aggregates; determining the minimum discrete unit size of bituminous mortar; filling the bituminous mortar; determining bituminous mortar grading and the dosage of asphalt in bituminous mortar according to the grading of an asphalt mixture; acquiring relative material parameters according to a bituminous mortar creep test and a spitting test; determining void ratio and void distribution and generating voids; conducting fatigue test numerical simulation; determining a virtual loading mode; conducting loading with a servo mechanism; conducting fatigue failure judgment. Through random test piece generation, three-dimensional configuration reconstruction of the asphalt mixture is achieved. By the adoption of the method, three-dimensional reconstruction of various grading levels, various void ratios and various asphalt mixtures can be achieved, and digital test piece reconstruction efficiency and accuracy are improved greatly.

The invention discloses a porous sintering heat-insulating hollow block and a manufacturing process thereof. According to the porous sintering heat-insulating hollow block, the void rate is 35 to 60 percent, the density is 700 to 1,000 kg/m<3>, and the coefficient of heat conductivity is less than or equal to 0.22 W/m.K. The porous sintering heat-insulating hollow block consists of the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 30 to 45 percent of solid waste, 45 to 55 percent of inorganic binder and 5 to 15 percent of micropore pore forming agent. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of: 1, performing grain composition; 2, sieving for grading; 3, weighing raw materials; 4, mixing, homogenizing and aging; 5, extruding for forming; 6, cutting and stacking; 7, drying;and 8, sintering. The porous sintering heat-insulating hollow block is reasonable in design, convenient to realize, high in utilization rate of solid wastes, energy-saving, environment-friendly, highin void rate, low in density, high in thermal performance and strength, stable in size and difficult to crack, can be popularized and used in large areas, and has the excellent economic and social benefits.

The invention discloses a gas-water two phase flow multiparameter measuring method and a device thereof, wherein the device comprises a measuring pipe, a throttling element, a differential pressure transmitter, an array conductivity sensor, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter, a conductivity measuring and collecting circuit, a data acquisition circuit and a computer; the array conductivity sensor is connected with the computer through the conductivity measuring and collecting circuit; and each transmitter is connected with the computer through the data acquisition circuit. According to the differential pressure obtained by the throttling element, the conductivity signal obtained by the array conductivity sensor, the pressure obtained by the pressure transmitter, and the temperature obtained by the temperature transmitter, a plurality of parameters such as flow pattern, void ratio, dryness, flow rate and the like of the gas-water two phase flow are obtained. In the measurement, according to the flow pattern judgement result, a corresponding measurement model or relational expression under the flow pattern is selected to calculate the void ratio, dryness and flow rate. The invention has simple structure, small loss of pressure, high reliability, low cost and wide range of application, and can be applied to the gas-water two phase flow measurement in the fields of energy, power, chemical engineering and the like.

A ceramic member in which the metal layers with high void ratio are sufficiently sintered to lower a residue of resin is produced.

The method for manufacturing a ceramic member which comprises a step of forming a stacked compact from a plurality of metallic paste layers containing a metal component M₁ that are stacked one on another via ceramic green sheets, and a step of firing the stacked compact, wherein at least one of plural metallic paste layers is formed as a second metallic paste layer that has the mass percentage X higher than that of the metallic paste layer that adjoin therewith in the stacking direction, the mass percentage X being the proportion of the metal component M₁ to the total metal content in the metallic paste layer.

The invention provides a composition design method for making porous asphalt mixture material, which includes steps: the porosity rate of the porous asphalt mixture material is defined according to the requirement of eliminating dynamic hydraulic and improving drainage performance; initial asphalt content is defined by the calculation method; frame embedding and extruding structure and porosity rate are regarded as the fundamental basis in extracting the final gradation of raw material; asphalt leakage loss and porosity rate are regarded as the main control index in defining the optimum asphalt content; fiber is used for increasing asphalt content on the basis of guaranteeing the porosity rate, and rotary specimen compacting and forming process is adopted to ensure the porous asphalt mixture material to own both the functionality and durability design requirements. The composition design method for making porous asphalt mixture material can satisfy the porosity rate design requirement and road-using property requirement of the porous asphalt mixture material, can ensure the functionality, road-using property of the porous asphalt road surface, and the stable compaction property and good drainage function in the later stage of using, and can improve the durability of the road surface, thus having the advantages of popularization and application.

The invention relates to an enhanced bi-component nanofiber porous membrane and a preparation method thereof. The porous membrane is a lithium ion battery membrane with two components of polymer resin and polyurethane. The membrane is in a semi-interpenetrating network structure which has a void ratio of 60-80%, and the mechanical property is 2-3 times higher than a single-component porous membrane of polymer resin. The preparation method comprises the steps of: dissolving a polymer resin and polyurethane prepolymer bi-component composition in a solvent, and preparing a nonwoven membrane through an electrospinning technology; and putting the nonwoven membrane at room temperature to make -NCO in the polyurethane prepolymer react with the -OH bond of water in the air to produce polyurethanethrough crosslinking and autopolymerization. In the invention, the nanofiber in the nonwoven membrane binds to form the polymer resin and polyurethane bi-component compound membrane, and the mechanical strength of the fibrous membrane is improved greatly. The method is easy, and the prepared nonwoven membrane maintains the advantages of high void ratio, and good thermal stability of polymer resinof the membrane prepared by using the electrospinning technology, and the membrane has good ion permeability and electrolyte affinity.

A tire is provided, on a surface thereof, an applicaiton having a top layer exposed to the air and a bottom layer in contact with the tire. The top layer can be a rigid element and/or a marking covering, or a device for measuring or monitoring the tire. The bottom layer is a foam having a void ratio of at least 40%, a thickness of at least 0.5 mm, and a density ranging from 0.02 g/cm³ to 0.5 g/cm³.

A tread comprises a central zone with a width of between 70% and 80% of the width W of the tread. The central zone comprises one or more circumferential bands, each being delimited by two grooves of a width greater than or equal to 2 mm, and each comprising a contact surface intended to come into contact with the ground and a plurality of transverse sipes distributed evenly in the circumferential direction. Each sipe has, on the contact surface, a width less than 2 mm so as to define a mean circumferential void ratio, which is between 0.5 times and 1.5 times the ratio between a mean thickness (E) of the circumferential band to a mean circumferential radius of curvature (Rc) of the said circumferential band. The sipes divide the circumferential band into a succession of blocks, each having two edge corners intersecting the contact surface of the circumferential band, at least one of the edge corners of said block extending radially by an inclined part forming a chamfer. This inclined part connects the edge corner to a lateral wall of the block so as to generate an offset in the circumferential direction between the said edge corner and the lateral wall of the block.

The invention discloses an ultralow-mercury catalyst. The ultralow-mercury catalyst is prepared by taking the wooden activated carbon with carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of being greater than or equal to 70 percent, an iodine value of being greater than or equal to 1,000 mg/g, moisture of being less than or equal to 5 percent, ash content of being less than or equal to 7 percent, mechanical strength of being greater than or equal to 95 percent, stacking density of being 360-420 g/l, particle size of being 2.5-4.0 mm and specific surface area of being 1,000-1,800 m<2>/g as a carrier and adsorbing mercury chloride and collaborative promoters of zinc chloride, barium chloride, potassium chloride and bismuth chloride at a central position, wherein the content of the mercury chloride is only 0.5-4.0 percent; but since the mercury chloride occupies the central position with stronger activated carbon adsorption capacity and reaction activity and the added active ingredient bismuth chloride and the adopted activated carbon are the wooden activated carbon with ultrahigh voidage, and meanwhile the collaborative promoters are also added to realize great collaborative effect of the activated carbon and the mercury chloride, the catalyst has longer service life and higher activity.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a metal organic framework/water-based anti-corrosive coating. The composite coating is formed by compounding a coordination compound of a metal organic framework (MOFs) and water-borne epoxy resin. As a novel organic hybrid material, the coordination compound of a metal organic framework (MOFs) has high void ratio and adjustability of hole dimension and shape; when the material gets the outside stimulation (such as pressure, light, chemical stimulation of a guest molecule), the framework shape can be changed. The preparation method introduces the metal organic framework material to an anti-corrosive coating system, thus the crosslinking density of the coating can be added, the corrosive particles can be absorbed; besides, the preparation method overcomes the shortcoming of poor barrier property and short anti-corrosive cycle which are generally existed in the water-borne anti-corrosive coating at present, and greatly improve the anti-corrosive performance of the anti-corrosive coating.

The present invention provides a kind of composite oxide catalyst for partial oxidation of propane to prepare acrylic acid. The preparation process includes following steps: dissolving or peptizing active catalyst component precursor to prepare homogeneous dispersion; dissolving or peptizing catalyst carrier component precursor to prepare homogeneous dispersion; mixing the two kinds of dispersion obtained in the previous steps to obtain stable mixed sol; drying; and roasting the composite oxide precursor to prepare the composite oxide catalyst. The composite oxide catalyst has great specific surface area, large void volume and homogeneous dispersion of the active component inside the carrier compound.