1106 results about "Packed bed" patented technology

This invention relates to methods for reacting a hydrocarbon, molecular oxygen, and optionally water and/or carbon dioxide, to form synthesis gas. The preferred embodiments are characterized by delivering a substochiometric amount of oxygen to each of a multitude of reaction zones, which allows for optimum design of the catalytic packed bed and the gas distribution system, and for the optimization and control of the temperature profile of the reaction zones. The multitude of reaction zones may include a series of successive fixed beds, or a continuous zone housed within an internal structure having porous, or perforated, walls, through which an oxygen-containing stream can permeate. By controlling the oxygen supply, the temperatures, conversion, and product selectivity of the reaction can be in turn controlled and optimized. Furthermore the potential risks of explosion associated with mixing hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is minimized with increased feed carbon-to-oxygen molar ratios.

A portable, variable speed cabin air purifier (10) operates independently of a vehicle HVAC system and is constructed as an armrest or console (114) that can be placed on any passenger seat and held in place by the seat belt. The air purifier (10) may also be strapped to the floor of a van or SUV, or be positioned in the trunk (100) of a sedan with ducting (104, 108) installed into the vehicle cabin. A 12 volt DC blower (48) can be connected to the cigarette lighter outlet (62) or permanently wired in. Three to five replaceable packed bed filter media packets (70-76), a HEPA filter (78) and a carbon impregnated filter (80) may be installed. The filter media packets (70-76) comprise filter media envelopes (86) of a non-woven, gross particulate filter material packed with other filter media (88), including desiccants, sorbents, chemisorbents, pelletized and granular carbon particles, and catalysts, and are placed between grates (82, 84) and installed in a selected sequence.

The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and/or carbon dioxide present in industrial effluent fluid streams. A solid particulate material comprising a slag component, a binder component (distinct from the slag component), and optionally water is formed and then contacted with the effluent fluid stream to reduce at least one of the sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and/or carbon dioxide. The contacting of the effluent stream may occur in a packed bed reactor with the solid dry particulate material. Methods of reducing pollutants from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided.

A method for olefin polymerization is provided. A feed stream comprising more than 0.1 ppm by volume of oxygen and 0.3 ppm by volume of water is passed through a first packed bed to selectively remove at least a portion of the oxygen. The feed stream is then passed through a second packed bed to selectively remove at least a portion of the water, providing a purified feed stream comprising less than 0.1 ppm by volume of oxygen and 0.3 ppm by volume of water. Both the first and second packed beds operate at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 50° C. The purified feed stream is then passed to a polymerization reactor.

The present invention provides an on-chip packed reactor bed design that allows for an effective exchange of packing materials such as beads at a miniaturized level. In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method of concentrating an analyte within a microfluidic analysis system, comprising the steps of: a) providing a main channel having a trapping zone suitable for trapping packing material; b) providing a slurry of a reagent treated packing material prepared in a solution having a predetermined composition of a solvent; c) inducing a flow of said packing material into said trapping zone through a flow channel connected to said trapping zone so as to load said trapping zone and form a packed bed of said packing material; d) and flowing a sample containing analytes through said packed bed, said reagent acting to concentrate at least some of said analytes within said trapping zone. The present invention extends the function of microfluidic analysis systems to new applications including on-chip solid phase extraction (SPE) and on-chip capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The design can be further extended to include integrated packed bed immuno- or enzyme reactors.

The invention discloses a method for removing hydrogen sulfide in a gas phase through oxidization under a high gravity field, which comprises the steps of: enabling a desulfurizing agent to be in a countercurrent or cross current contact with a hydrogen sulfide containing gas in a desulfurizing high gravity machine; and then adding the desulfurizing agent rich in sulphur in a sulphur sedimentation agent and then enabling the desulfurizing agent added with the sulphur sedimentation agent to be in a countercurrent or cross current contact with air in a regeneration high gravity machine, whereinthe desulfurizing agent is a mixed solution consisting of complex iron, aqueous alkali, a sulphur modifying agent and a defoaming agent, and in the mixed solution, the concentration of iron ions is 0.1-10g/L, pH is 8.0-9.2, the concentration of the sulphur modifying agent is 10-200ppm, and the concentration of the defoaming agent is 5-50ppm. The high gravity machine is used for replacing the traditional low-transfer-efficiency reactor, and a high gravity rotary packed bed reactor is adopted during hydrogen sulfide oxidization and catalyst regeneration, thus process transfer efficiency is greatly strengthened, and time of oxidization desulfurization and regeneration of a desulfurizing agent is shortened; in addition, the sedimentation agent is adopted in a sulphur sedimentation stage and acts together with the sulphr modifying agent, thus the sulphur sedimentation time is also greatly shortened.

The invention discloses a method for preparing low-carbon olefins from synthetic gas, and belongs to the field of olefins. In order to solve the problems that due to a backmixing phenomenon, the retention time is inconsistent, reaction products are widely distributed, and side reactions of olefin secondary reaction and water gas reaction and the like are intensified so as to influence the economy of the process in the traditional process for preparing low-carbon olefins from synthetic gas, a rotating packed bed reactor is used as a reactor, a solid Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is used or a catalyst is prepared into slurry, and the synthetic gas is converted into the low-carbon olefins. By the method, the selectivity of the low-carbon olefins can be greatly improved, and reaction heat can be quickly removed to stabilize the temperature of a reaction bed.

A material for chromatographic separations, processes for its preparation, and separation devices containing the chromatographic material. In particular, porous inorganic/organic hybrid monoliths are provided with a decreased concentration of surface organic groups, and have improved pH stability, improved chromatographic separation performance, and improved packed bed stability. These monoliths may be surface modified resulting in higher bonded phase surface concentrations and have enhanced stability at low pH.

The invention relates to a method to remove the non-degradable organic in water with a packed bed in high-voltage impulse electric field, which comprises: forcing impulse high voltage between the high-voltage electrode (2) and the grounding electrode (3) in reactor (4) filled particulate filling (5) with high dielectric constant; at the same time, pumping the being treated water to sprinkle evenly by mist liquid droplet form to the reaction area through an atomizer or sprinkler (6) on top between two electrodes, and forming a thin water film on surface of (5); exposing air, oxygen or ozone evenly by the aeration tube arranged on middle below the (2) and (3). This invention overcomes the drawbacks in prior art, such as flooding the filling, realizing hardly local filling discharge, large energy consumption, and disbenefit to mass transfer and diffusion.

A method and apparatus, in one example, relates to a system and method for the generation of very low-tar, high-energy synthesis gas from a large variety of carbonaceous feedstock, including those with higher moisture levels than conventional gasifiers. The system comprises a gasification reactor wherein a portion of the energy of the output syngas of the reactor is used to heat the gasification zone of the reactor via an annular space surrounding the gasification zone of the gasifier, to maintain a temperature condition above 800° C. The maintenance of a long, quasi-uniform high-temperature gasification zone reduces the amount of input air or oxygen, reduces bridging within the gasifier, cracks pyrolysis oils, increases the conversion of char, minimizes heat losses from the bed, and converts moisture within the packed bed into a gasification medium. This results in a very low tar synthesis gas with less nitrogen dilution and higher energy content than conventional gasifiers. The reduction in bridging reduces operating costs.

The apparatus and methods of the present invention are of use for the production of emulsion-based microparticles containing a biological or chemical agent. In particular, the apparatus provides a vessel; packing material situated inside such vessel and may further provide material capable of insertion into both ends of said vessel for enclosure of the packing material. In a particular embodiment, the apparatus is a packed bed apparatus. The methods include production of emulsion based microparticles containing a biological or chemical agent. The usefulness of the present invention is that the apparatus and methods of the present invention provide for a low-shear, non-turbulent, production of emulsion-based microparticles that provides a narrow, reproducible, particle size distribution, capable of use with both large and small volumes that is capable of being conveniently scaled up while providing predictable emulsion properties.

The present invention provides an on-chip packed reactor bed design that allows for an effective exchange of packing materials such as beads at a miniaturized level. The present invention extends the function of microfluidic analysis systems to new applications including on-chip solid phase extraction (SPE) and on-chip capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The design can be further extended to include integrated packed bed immuno- or enzyme reactors. The system comprises two weirs (6, 7) in a channel to trap packing material (12). The packing material might be introduced through a side channel to the chamber formed between the two weirs (6, 7). A plug is positioned in the side channel to close it.

The invention relates to a method for preparing nano iron phosphate, belonging to the technical field of the preparation of lithium ion battery cathode materials. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: inputting an alkaline aqueous solution and a mixed solution formed by one of phosphoric acid or a soluble phosphate solution, one of a water-soluble ferrous salt solution and an oxidant or a ferric salt solution and a water-soluble dispersing agent into a rotating packed bed layer by a metering pump at a certain feeding speed; regulating the rotating speed of the rotating packed bed and controlling the pH value of the reaction system by an alkaline solution; discharging nano iron phosphate particles generated by reaction crystallization from a discharge hole of the rotating packed bed along with the mixed solution; and filtering, washing and drying the nano iron phosphate particles to obtain nano iron phosphate (FePO4.2H2O) powder. The method is simple and has easy operation and high efficiency, and the prepared iron phosphate reaches the nano grade, has uniform particle size and narrow distribution range and is suitable for industrialized production. The nano iron phosphate is a good precursor material for preparing lithium iron phosphate which is used as a cathode material of high-power type lithium ion batteries.

The invention discloses a nanosilver/graphene oxide composite dispersion fluid, and a preparation method and application thereof. The dispersion fluid comprises a liquid medium and a nanosilver/graphene oxide composite, wherein the nanosilver/graphene oxide composite is uniformly dispersed in the liquid medium; the concentration of the dispersion fluid is 0.01 to 10 mg/ml; and nanosilver particles in the nanosilver/graphene oxide composite are uniformly dispersed and adhered onto the surface of graphene oxide, and the sizes of the nanosilver particles are in a range of 5 to 50 nm. According to the invention, a hypergravity rotating packed bed or a micro-channel reactor is used as reaction equipment; no reducing agent is needed in the process of preparation; and the prepared nanosilver/graphene oxide composite dispersion fluid is transparent and stable and is free of precipitates after standing for six months. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention is rapid, simple, efficient and applicable to large-scale industrial production. The nanosilver/graphene oxide composite dispersion fluid provided by the invention has wide application prospects in fields like catalysis, energy storage, electronics, antibiosis and surface Raman enhancement.

A method of improve the removal of particulate matter, heavy metals, neutralizing acid, and kill microorganism pollutants, known to be in contaminated air volumes of occupied confined spaces, when exposed in close contact under pressure to a mixture of alkaline sorbent materials, having a known synergism between said pollutants using a self propelled fluidized bed reactor and packed bed filter apparatus system to optimize the contact collection efficiency of submicron particles and organic compounds.

A compact solid source of hydrogen gas, where the gas is generated by contacting water with micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in the presence of a catalyst, such as cobalt or ruthenium. The micro-disperse particles can have a substantially uniform diameter of 1-10 microns, and preferably about 3-5 microns. Ruthenium or cobalt catalytic nanoparticles can be incorporated in the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride, which allows a rapid and complete reaction to occur without the problems associated with caking and scaling of the surface by the reactant product sodium metaborate. A closed loop water management system can be used to recycle wastewater from a PEM fuel cell to supply water for reacting with the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in a compact hydrogen gas generator. Capillary forces can wick water from a water reservoir into a packed bed of micro-disperse fuel particles, eliminating the need for using an active pump.

The present invention relates to an improved system for efficiently and accurately performing immunoassays, such as ELISAs. The invention provides an immunoassay assembly which includes a flow-through unit and an aspiration pump. The immunoassay flow-through unit includes an outer seal; at least one bed support; an inner seal; and a packed non-porous bed. The unit is releasably attached to an aspiration pump which enables the controlled flow rate of liquid passing through the packed bed of the flow-through unit. The invention also provides a method of using the immunoassay assembly to identify analytical targets of interest.

A chromatographic apparatus is provided comprising a housing, a fluid inlet to the housing, a fluid outlet from the housing, an optional vent and a chromatographic packed bed in the housing. The fluid inlet and fluid outlet and optional vent are provided with connectors that connect a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet on other such chromatographic apparatus.

An installation and a method for removing dissolved biodegradable compounds as a biological treatment step up-stream of an equipment to be protected from biofouling being part of a ground water, surface water or tertiary wastewater treatment line, wherein said upstream biological treatment step is carried out in at least one packed bed bioreactor comprising a vessel or a tank filled with packing elements, characterized in that: iv) said packing elements of said packed bed show a void fraction of at least 70% and the flow velocity of water through said packed bed bioreactor is at least 20 m/h, so that said packed bed does not have a removal efficiency of suspended solids in water, if any, of more than 30%; v) said packing elements of said packed bed show a specific surface area of at least 750 m2/m3; vi) said process does not require the use of any biocide or biostatic compound.

The invention discloses an ultrasonic coupling supergravity rotary packed bed which comprises a housing, an end cover, a rotator and a transmission device, wherein the housing and the end cover form a sealed cavity; the sealed cavity is internally provided with the rotator which is provided with a filler ring; the rotator is connected with the transmission device out of the sealed cavity through a rotary shaft; a gas inlet and a liquid outlet are formed on the housing; a gas outlet and a liquid input distributor are arranged on the end cover, the gas input distributor penetrates and extends to a central cavity of the rotator from the end cover and is close to the inner edge of the filler ring of the innermost inner ring; the filler ring is composed of multiple reaction filler rings which are concentrically arranged with different diameters or multiple blade rings are concentrically arranged with different diameters or multiple reaction filler rings and blade ring which are concentrically arranged in a combined manner with different diameters; a functional bade which penetrates and extends from the end cover is arranged in annular space between two adjacent filler rings. According to the device and process disclosed by the invention, the efficiency is 1.1-3 times that of the efficiency without ultrasonic waves at different ultrasonic frequencies, and the device and process can be applied to processes such as reaction, emulsification and the like. The ultrasonic coupling supergravity rotary packed bed disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being less in equipment investment, low in energy consumption, small in occupied space of equipment and the like.

The invention belongs to the biotechnology field and relates to a preparation method of genipin. The method comprises a preparation process of immobilized enzyme, a transformation process of gardenoside and a separation and purification process of genipin and is characterized by fermenting the strains for producing beta-glucosidase, collecting the fermentation liquor after reaching the enzyme producing peak, co-immobilizing enzyme and cells or enzyme and hyphae by combining embedding with crosslinking to prepare the immobilized enzyme, utilizing a packed-bed or stirred reactor to carry out catalyzed hydrolysis on the gardenoside and obtaining genipin after purification. The invention dispenses with separation and purification of the fermentation liquor, the immobilized enzyme obtained by preparation has high activity still keeping over 50% after operation for 960h and produces less pollution to the environment, genipin has high yield and the method has obvious advantages compared with other methods.

The invention provides a concentric circularity counter-flow type super-gravity rotating packed bed, which comprises a shell, a liquid-phase inlet and a gas-phase outlet arranged on the upper end surface of the shell, a gas-phase inlet and a liquid-phase outlet arranged on the lower end of the shell, a rotating body arranged on the center of the shell, and a rotor connected with the rotating body, wherein the rotor comprises a rotating disc permanently connected with the rotating body and a static disc permanently connected with the shell, the two sides of the lower end of the rotor are provided with first access points, the center of the upper end of the rotor is provided with a second access point, the second access point is communicated with the gas-phase outlet and the liquid-phase inlet, and the first access points are communicated with the gas-phase inlet and the liquid-phase outlet; the rotor also comprises a concentric mesh moving coil, the concentric mesh moving coil is composed of a group of rotating coils which are concentric with different diameters and have meshes, the bottom end thereof is permanently connected on the rotating disc, the upper end is rotationally connected with the static disc, and the first access points and the second access point are communicated with the channel of the concentric mesh moving coil. The invention proposes the concentric circularity counter-flow type super-gravity rotating packed bed with low pressure drop, small rotor liquid holdup and better application effect.