868results about How to "Fast adsorption rate" patented technology

The invention relates to a composite fiber. The composite fiber comprises a fiber carrier, and a graphene aerogel layer covering the outer side of the fiber carrier. According to the composite fiber provided by the invention, the relatively thin graphene aerogel layer covers the surface of the composite fiber, and a self surface shielding effect of existing graphene aerogel is overcome; the adsorption speed and adsorption efficiency of the graphene aerogel of the unit volume are improved; the fiber carrier of the composite fiber provided by the invention provides a bracket for the graphene aerogel and the mechanical strength is enhanced; when the composite fiber is used as an adsorption material, the composite fiber can be in seamless butt joint with an existing cigarette production process directly, and replaces an existing adsorption fiber so that the specific adsorption on benzopyrene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon type harmful substances can be realized; and meanwhile, other aromatic substances in smoke are kept so that the flavor and aroma of cigarettes are not influenced.

A composite adsorbent is prepared from chitosan through dissolving it in the solution of acetic acid, proportionally adding activated carbon powder, adding glutaraldehyde solution, regulating pH value, cross-linking reacting in warm water bath, solid-liquid separation, washing and baking the solid, grinding and sieving. Its advantage is high adsorption and adsorbing speed.

A preparation method of graphene oxide/ silicon dioxide hybrid aerogel comprises the following steps: A, adding 0.05-0.1 mol of a precursor into 9-18 ml of distilled water and dropwise adding a hydrolyst with its concentration of 0.2-0.6 mol/L into the precursor aqueous solution, wherein molar ratio of the hydrolyst to the precursor is 1:20-1:100; stirring at 20-30 DEG C for 5-8 h; adjusting pH value to 6-7 and stirring for 5-45 min so as to obtain a dispersion containing silicon dioxide microspheres; B, adding water to dilute the silicon dioxide microsphere dispersion by 5-50 times, carrying out iso-volume mixing on the diluted silicon dioxide microsphere dispersion and a graphene oxide dispersion with its concentration being 0.6-2 mg/ml, stirring for 10-30 min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-30 min so as to obtain graphene oxide/silicon dioxide hybrid aerogel; and C, freezing the hybrid aerogel under liquid nitrogen for 5-10 min, freeze-drying and dewatering to obtain the graphene oxide/silicon dioxide hybrid aerogel. The method is environmentally friendly, and the technology is simple. The prepared hybrid aerogel has advantages of complete gel network structure, high porosity, good adsorptivity, high strength, low density and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation process of a metal-organic framework porous adsorption material for C4-C8 normal paraffin and isoparaffin adsorption separation. According to the preparation method of the synthesized metal-organic framework porous adsorption material, metal ion nitrate and an organic ligand are dissolved according to the mass ratio of 1:1-15 in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-diethyl formamide; stirring is carried out for 0.5-12 h; reaction temperature is controlled to 80-250 DEG C, and reaction time is 12-120 h; and by a hydrothermal synthesis method, the metal-organic framework porous adsorption material is prepared. The material has characteristics as follows: specific surface area is large; pore structure height is ordered; pore size is controllable; surface potential energy is controllable; and adsorption capacity of normal paraffin is large. The material can selectively adsorb normal paraffin from mixed materials of normal paraffin and isoparaffin, has high selectivity and has a wide practical application prospect in normal paraffin and isoparaffin separation.

The invention discloses a dechlorination agent and a preparation method thereof. The dechlorination agent is prepared from the following materials: 15-70wt% of carrier, 15-60wt% of active components, 1-10wt% of a pore-forming agent, 1-5wt% of an extrusion aid and 2-10wt% of a binder, wherein the carrier is at least one of weak acid salt, kaolin, pseudo-boehmite or Al2O3. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the materials, adding water, mixing, kneading, extruding, drying and calcining. The dechlorination agent has the advantages of high adsorption efficiency against high-concentration or low-concentration HCl at normal temperature, high dechlorination precision, high chlorine content of above 30% and a certain adsorption effect against organic chlorides; chemical reaction adsorption is adopted for adsorption against HCl, the adsorption is performed at normal temperature and normal pressure, energy consumption is not required, and the absorbed HCl and the active component in the dechlorination agent perform reaction to form a stable chemical substance to exist in an adsorber bed layer; and the dechlorination agent further has the advantages of low toxicity, high stability, easiness in filling and unloading, and no secondary pollution.

The invention relates to a nitrogen-doped porous hollow carbon sphere carbon dioxide adsorption material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding SiO2 sphere flowers into mixed liquid of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and ammonia water, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until the SiO2 sphere flowers are completely dispersed; and then adding a dopamine hydrochloride water solution, uniformly stirring at the room temperature, filtering, washing, drying, and processing at 700-900 DEG C for 2-4 hours in a N2 atmosphere so as to obtain nano-composite spheres; and finally impregnating the nano-composite spheres in hydrofluoric acid to remove the SiO2 sphere flowers, filtering, washing, and drying, so as to obtain the nitrogen-doped porous hollow carbon sphere CO2 adsorption material. The adsorption material is a porous hollow carbon sphere, the particle sizes of porous hollow nano-carbon spheres are about 400nm, the porous hollow nano-carbon spheres are uniform and regular, and the adsorption material has high nitrogen content, adsorptive property, specific surface area and pore volume and high-dispersed regular appearance, the surface of the adsorption material contains rich amino active sites, and the adsorption material can be applied to efficient adsorption of industrial CO2.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biological carbon with high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption properties. According to the method, forestry and agricultural residues are taken as raw materials to prepare the biological carbon with the high nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption property by carrying out high-temperature oxygen-deficient themolysis by utilizing the catalytic performance of light rare earth elements. The sources of the utilized raw materials are wide, the cost of a rare earth catalyst is low, and the prepared biological carbon is high in nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption speed and large in nitrogen-phosphorus adsorption capacity; the largest adsorbing capacities of NO3<->, NH4<+> and PO4<3-> can respectively reach 38.44mg/g, 15.58mg/g and 19.74mg/g. The method is simple in process operation, low in investment requirement and cost and high in product recovery rate and application value.

The invention discloses a method of adopting a laminar duplex-metal hydroxide to recycle heavy metal ions in sewage, belonging to the technical field of recycling of heavy metal in the sewage. After the laminar duplex-metal hydroxide is adopted to adsorb heavy metal ions, the heavy metal ions or macromolecule organic groups are adhered to the surface of a hydrotalcite; a few heavy metal ions or macromolecule organic groups enters into the intervals of laminates, and the heavy metal ion eliminating operation can be realized by simple precipitating and filtering operations. The laminar duplex-metal hydroxide has the advantages of low cost and fast absorption speed, thus the situation that the processing solution after the absorption is polluted again can not happen. Through recycling absorbed products, a composite metal oxide with uniform chemical composition and structure and favorable photoelectric performance can be obtained by a solid phase sintering technique. Therefore, the research on the application of the hydrotalcite in the sewage treatment has large practical meaning, and the method of adopting laminar duplex-metal hydroxides to recycle heavy metal ions in the sewage has favorable application prospect.

The invention provides an active/controllable graphene oxide surface ion imprinted polymer, and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation and separation of materials, wherein the graphene oxide surface ion imprinted polymer is prepared from a coupling agent, a functional monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator by using graphene oxide as a substrate and metal ions as a template in a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization manner. The problems to be solved in the invention are as follows: the thickness of a surface polymer layer is uncontrollable; template molecules cannot be thoroughly eluted because of being embedded deeply; and the adsorption rate is low, etc; the graphene oxide surface ion imprinted polymer is mainly used for adsorbing corresponding metal ions in aqueous solution and has good absorption effect at room temperature and obvious selective separation effect; and the graphene oxide surface ion imprinted polymer can be reused frequently.

The invention relates to a granular lithium ion sieve, which is used for extracting lithium from (metal) lithium-containing solution such as salt lake brine, seawater, well brine or geothermal water and the like. The granular lithium ion sieve is prepared by cladding lithium ion sieve powder into a polymer in the process of forming a cross-linked polymer through the reversed phase suspension polymerization of an acrylate monomer. The granular lithium ion sieve has the advantages of high mechanical strength, high selectivity, high adsorbance, high adsorption rate (the adsorbance is 2 mmol*g<-1> in one hour) and high stability. The foundation is provided for extracting the lithium from the salt lake brine by an ion sieve adsorption method.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of aerogel having a water treatment function, in particular relates to a preparation method of graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol hybrid aerogel. The preparation method comprises the following five processing steps: preparing a graphene oxide dispersing solution; preparing a graphene oxide/chitosan mixed solution; preparing a self-foaming solution; preparing a gel solution; preparing graphene oxide/chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hybrid aerogel. The preparation method is characterized in that the graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol hybrid aerogel is prepared by fully mixing the graphene oxide dispersing solution with distilled water, glacial acetic acid and chitosan powder and then adding polyvinyl alcohol, a filling agent, a cross-linking agent, a foaming agent and a catalyst in the mixture. The graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol hybrid aerogel prepared by the invention is strong in water absorbing capacity, high in hydrophily and quick in adsorption rate and can be reused after regeneration and can be used for industrial wastewater treatment. The preparation method of the graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol hybrid aerogel, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the principle is simple, the operation is easy, processing equipment is simple, the cost of raw materials is low, and the preparation method is beneficial for industrialization.

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste water processing. An inorganic-organic compound-type adsorbent is prepared by compositing three natural materials of natural clinoptilolite, humic acid and chitosan. The method comprises the following specific steps of: performing pre-activation modification on the natural clinoptilolite, performing insolubility processing on humic acid, sufficiently mixing the processed clinoptilolite, insoluble humic acid and acidic chitosan solution according to a certain proportion, heating and drying through microwave, grinding and screening to prepare the inorganic-organic compound-type adsorbent with a loose porous structure, high surface activity and high ion exchanging performance. The prepared adsorbent is used for processing the industrial waste water with the concentration of Cr(VI) lower than 100mg/L, wherein the concentration of effluent Cr(VI) is lower than 0.5mg/L, which meets the requirement of the maximum permissible discharge concentration of the first type of pollutant in the national waste water comprehensive discharge standard. The method has easily obtained materials, simple processing technique and high processing efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention discloses multifunctional vulcanized rubber containing polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified graphene oxide and a preparation method of the multifunctional vulcanized rubber. The multifunctional vulcanized rubber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of rubber matrix, 1-4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified graphene oxide, 2-5 parts of an anti-aging agent, 3-10 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 0.5-1 part of a vulcanizing accelerator and 1-3 parts of a vulcanizing agent. The multifunctional vulcanized rubber prepared by the method has a plurality of functions, such as a mechanical function, a heat-conducting function and a solvent-resistant function.

The invention discloses a 5A molecular sieve adsorbent for adsorptive separation of distillate containing n-alkane and a preparation method of the 5A molecular sieve adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding polyquaternary ammonium salt serving as a crystallization synthetic soft template agent into a sol system formed by mixing a silicon source with an aluminum source, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis to obtain a hierarchically porous 4A molecular sieve with a microporous-mesoporous structure; after the 4A molecular sieve is subjected to soft template agent removal, carrying out roll forming on the treated 4A molecular sieve and a binder to obtain small balls with particle sizes of 0. 2 to 0.8mm; drying, roasting and then carrying out calcium ion exchange and activating to obtain the 5A molecular sieve adsorbent with the microporous-mesoporous structure, wherein the proportion of a 5A molecular sieve in the adsorbent is 90 to 97 weight percent, and the proportion of the binder is 3 to 10 percent. The preparation method of the adsorbent, provided by the invention, has the advantages that a diffusion coefficient of the n-alkane in the molecular sieve is remarkably improved while the synthesized hierarchically porous 5A molecular sieve maintains higher equilibrium adsorption capacity for the n-alkane, thereby increasing the rate of adsorptive separation.

The invention provides a preparation method and application a SiO2/GO surface metal ion imprinted polymer and belongs to the technical field of material preparation and separation. Particularly, silica/graphene oxide is used as a base, metal ions serve as a template, coupling agents, functional nonomers, cross-linking agents and initiators are used, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization serves as a polymerization mode, and the SiO2/GO surface metal ion imprinted polymer is prepared; the problems that the thickness of the surface polymer cannot be controlled, adsorption sites are not uniformly distributed, template molecules cannot be thoroughly eluted because they are wrapped too deep, the adsorption speed is low, the synthesis steps of chain transfer agents are complex, and time is consumed are solved; the SiO2/GO surface metal ion imprinted polymer is mainly used for selectively separating corresponding metal ions in a water solution, the selective separation effect is remarkable, and the polymer can be reused many times.

The invention relates to a novel phosphate removing and absorbing agent of active carbon fibre and lanthana (La) prepared by loading lanthana on the active carbon fibre substrate and a preparation method thereof. The phosphate removing and absorbing agent comprises the following components in percent by weight: 5.54-55.4% of lanthana and 94.46-44.6% of active carbon fibre. The method comprises the following steps of shearing the active carbon fibre into fine blocks, washing with deionized water for many times, dipping in a certain amount of deionized water, filtering, boiling and drying, then dipping the obtained active carbon fibre in a certain amount of lanthanum-containing salt solution, filtering and drying, placing the obtained solid in a muffle furnace, activating the solid at a proper temperature and then taking out to obtain the phosphate removing and absorbing agent of active carbon fibre and La. The novel phosphate removing and absorbing agent of active carbon fibre and La has the advantages of high phosphate removal rate, large absorption volume, high absorption rate, and the like.

The invention relates to a novel composite water treatment material and a preparation method thereof. The novel composite water treatment material contains tourmaline, sepiolite and graphene oxide or graphene. According to the preparation method, the graphene or the graphene oxide is wrapped on the surfaces of the sepiolite and the tourmaline by a reflux method, so the adsorptive property of the sepiolite on organic wastewater can be effectively improved by utilizing the large surface area of the graphene or the graphene oxide. The novel composite material has the characteristics of high adsorption efficiency, small using amount, energy conservation and the like, in particular, the sepiolite and the tourmaline are almost not consumed, so the treatment cost can be greatly reduced, and the dangerousness that dye molecules belonging to organic matters difficult to degrade are immersed into natural water and accumulated in the environment is avoided. Meanwhile, the graphene oxide and the graphene have good antibacterial property, so the phenomenon that activated sludge is increased too fast can be effectively improved, and considerable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit are achieved.

The invention relates to the field of functional materials, particularly a preparation method of an adsorbent for acid dye wastewater treatment. The invention mainly solves the technical problem that dyeing wastewater can not be easily decolorized, can not achieve the discharge standard and the like in the prior art. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting 8-10g of beta-cyclodextrin into 1-2g of citric acid monohydrate, and adding 1g of PEG-400 and 0.25g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin polymer by polymerization; adding a silane coupling agent into a chitosan solution; and cross-linking the beta-cyclodextrin polymer with the chitosan to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin-chitosan porous membrane, wherein the mol ratio of the chitosan to the beta-cyclodextrin polymer is 1:3..

The invention discloses a method for preparing composite dephosphorus adsorbent by virtue of activated carbon fiber loaded with metal. Carbon fiber is used as a matrix which is loaded with a metallic compound. The method comprises the following steps of: a, mixing lanthanum ions into an iron salt for preparing a mixture solution of iron ions and lanthanum ions; b, putting the prepared solution under an ultrasound environment, additionally adding a radiation method, gradually adding a hydroxide solution into a metallic ion mixture solution until the pH reaches 9-10, and obtaining nano-particle suspension liquid of iron and lanthanum composite metal hydroxide; c, shearing activated carbon fiber into pieces, washing, dipping, filtering and drying; d, weighing the activated carbon fiber, adding the activated carbon fiber into the suspension liquid, processing by utilizing ultrasound waves, taking out solid matters, and washing for multiple times until the pH reaches 7; and e, drying the solid matters, obtaining an adsorbent material after cooling, and sealing the adsorbent material for storage. According to the invention, the iron and lanthanum composite metal hydroxide is in uniform particle size distribution on the carbon fiber matrix, has a high adsorption capacity and a low preparation cost and is suitable for industrial application.

The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a catalytic particle electrode used for synchronously removing refractory organics and ammonia nitrogen from wastewater and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrode comprises shell activated carbon and metal components loaded on the shell activated carbon, wherein the particle size of the shell activated carbon is 1mm-5 mm, and the content of the metal components is 0.8wt%-2.5wt% the total mass of the activated carbon. Packing of the catalytic particle electrode has the advantages of being high in catalytic activity, low in price, easy to obtain, simple in preparation, high in COD and ammonia nitrogen degradation and removal efficiency, high in produced water mineralization degree, low in unit COD energy consumption and capable of being used continuously. Accordingly, the electrode is suitable for treatment of wastewater which is difficult to degrade biologically and contains high-concentration organic pollutants and high ammonia nitrogen.