The invention relates to a low-expansion,
ablation-resistant and heat-insulating integrated
composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of
ceramic-based composite materials. Comprising the following steps: putting a
fiber reinforcement into a high-temperature furnace, and carrying out glue removal treatment in a
vacuum state to remove a surface glue layer; adding low-expansion
ceramic powder and ultrahigh-temperature
ceramic powder into the ceramic precursor, and carrying out ball milling and uniform mixing to obtain a
mixed solution; introducing the
mixed solution into the central area of the
fiber preform by adopting an injection mode, soaking the
fiber preform in the
mixed solution, soaking the mixed solution into the fiber preform by adopting a vacuum impregnation and pressure impregnation mode, and fully impregnating, compounding and curing; and putting the cured
green body into a high-temperature
atmosphere furnace for
cracking, and obtaining composite materials with different densities by controlling the number of times of impregnation and
cracking. The prepared
composite material has excellent heat insulation,
ablation resistance and bearing performance, has more reliable
thermal stability and reliability, is simple in process and short in period, and can be applied to the fields of ultra-high-speed aircrafts and the like.