292results about How to "Reduce energy input" patented technology

This invention combines the precision spray process with in-flight laser treatment in order to produce direct write electronic components. In addition to these components, the process can lay down lines of conductive, inductive, and resistive materials. This development has the potential to change the approach to electronics packaging. This process is revolutionary in that components can be directly produced on small structures, thus removing the need for printed circuit boards.

A memory device with multiple bits per-cell. The memory device includes a side electrode; a doped semiconductor region disposed laterally in contact with a sidewall of the side electrode, such that the doped semiconductor region forms a diode, or the junction between the side electrode and the doped semiconductor region forms a diode; a layer of phase-changing material disposed laterally in contact with a sidewall of the doped semiconductor region, such that the doped semiconductor region is disposed between the layer of phase-changing material and the side electrode; and an upper electrode disposed on the layer of phase-changing material. Many storage regions can be stacked vertically, and multiple bits can be stored in one cell. Also, the contact area is reduced to a minimum dimension below the photolithographic limit.

An integrated process for the production of ethanol from woody plant material is provided, the process comprising: contacting a continuous flow of the plant material with a counter-current continuous flow of an aqueous ethanol solution at elevated temperature and pressure to provide plant material depleted of lignin; removing ethanol from the lignin-depleted plant material; contacting a continuous flow of the lignin-depleted plant material with water at elevated temperature and pressure to solubilize xylose within the plant material; and hydrolyzing cellulose present in the plant material to form glucose, which in turn is fermented to produce ethanol.

An energy-efficient extractive distillation process for producing anhydrous ethanol from aqueous / ethanol feeds containing any range of ethanol employs an extractive distillation column (EDC) that operates under no or greatly reduced liquid reflux conditions. The EDC can be incorporated into an integrated process for producing anhydrous ethanol used for gasoline blending from fermentation broth. By using a high-boiling extractive distillation solvent, no solvent is entrained by the vapor phase to the EDC overhead stream, even under no liquid reflux conditions. The energy requirement and severity of the EDC can be further improved by limiting ethanol recovery in the EDC. In this partial ethanol recovery design, ethanol which remains in the aqueous stream from the EDC is recovered in a post-distillation column or the aqueous stream is recycled to a front-end pre-distillation column where the ethanol is readily recovered since the VLE curve for ethanol / water is extremely favorable for distillation.

Methods of harvesting algae, and using algae as a biofuel, livestock feed, or food supplement are provided. The methods comprise contacting liquid algae suspensions with a filtration media. Depending upon the filtration media, the resulting algae and filtration media admixture is then utilized as a biofuel, livestock feed, food supplements, or for the extraction of algae oil. Admixtures comprising a combustible filtration media, such as coal, are particularly preferred. The methods are suitable for use with any algae species. Compositions for use as a biofuel, livestock feed, or food supplement are also provided. These compositions comprise an admixture of algae and a filtration media.

A method and apparatus to endovascularly treat blood vessels using a light beam that causes minimal collateral damage to surrounding tissue is described. The technique can improve the appearance of a blood vessel and / or reduce its size, as well as relieve other medical symptoms. The wavelength of the light beam can be selected so as to heat one or more chromophores either inside the blood vessel or within the blood vessel wall itself. Access to the vein lumen of the targeted blood vessel can be obtained via an optical fiber inserted into the blood vessel through a catheter.

An integrated process for the production of ethanol from woody plant material is provided, the process comprising: contacting a continuous flow of the plant material with a counter-current continuous flow of an aqueous ethanol solution at elevated temperature and pressure to provide plant material depleted of lignin; removing ethanol from the lignin-depleted plant material; contacting a continuous flow of the lignin-depleted plant material with water at elevated temperature and pressure to solubilize xylose within the plant material; and hydrolyzing cellulose present in the plant material to form glucose, which in turn is fermented to produce ethanol.

An extracardiac pumping for supplementing the circulation of blood, including the cardiac output, in a patient without any component thereof being connected to the patient's heart, and methods of using same. One embodiment of the intravascular extracardiac system comprises a pump with inflow and outflow conduits that are sized and configured to be implantable intravascularly through a non-primary vessel, whereby it may positioned where desired within the patient's vasculature. The system comprises a subcardiac pump that may be driven directly or electromagnetically from within or without the patient. The pump is configured to be operated continuously or in a pulsatile fashion, synchronous with the patient's heart, thereby potentially reducing the afterload of the heart. In another embodiment, the system is positioned extracorporeally, with the inflow conduit and outflow conduit applied percutaneously to a non-primary vessel for circulating blood to and from the non-primary vessel or between the non-primary vessel and another blood vessel within the patient's vasculature.

In a method for a laser-induced thermal separation of plate glass by thermal scoring using a laser beam heating the glass along a desired separation line with subsequent cooling of the laser-heated line, wherein the heat is applied by the laser beam in a number of repetitive passes at intensities based on glass thickness and desired cutting speeds.

A mixture of isomeric diisocyanatodiphenylmethanes composed of at least 2,2′-diisocyanato-diphenylmethane, 2,4′-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane and 4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl-methane is distilled in at least one stage and a divided-wall column is used in at least one distillation stage.

Artificial implantable active and passive girdles include a heart assist system with an artificial myocardium employing a number of flexible, non-distensible tubes with the walls along their long axes connected in series to form a cuff and a passive girdle is wrapped around a heart muscle which has dilatation of a ventricle to conform to the size and shape of the heart and to constrain the dilatation during diastole. The passive girdle is formed of a material and structure that does not expand away from the heart but may, over an extended period of time be decreased in size as dilatation decreases.

A biodegradable, polyolefin-based material composition having incorporated therein thermoplastic starch particles is described. The material includes from about 5% to about 45% of a thermoplastic starch (TPS), from about 55% to about 95% of a polyolefin or mixtures of polyolefins, and from about 0.5% to about 8% of a compatibilizer, which has a non-polar backbone and a polar functional monomer or a block copolymer of both the non-polar block and a polar block. A method of forming a film and packaging assemblies made with the polymeric material are also described.

Production of diesel oil from hydrocarbon-containing residues in an oil circulation with separation of solids and product distillation for the diesel oil product by energy input with a high-speed chamber mixer and the use of fully crystallized catalysts that consist of potassium-, sodium-, calcium-, and magnesium-aluminum silicates, wherein the energy input and conversion occur primarily in the high-speed chamber mixer.

The invention discloses a waste heat recovery device of an air compressor and a control method of the waste heat recovery device. The waste heat recovery device comprises heat exchanging modules and enhanced heat exchanging modules, wherein the heat exchanging modules are arranged in parallel at the two ends of an oil-channel electric valve; the reinforcing heat exchanging modules are arranged in parallel at the two ends of the air-channel electric valve; the heat exchanging modules and the reinforcing heat exchanging modules are utilized to recover and store the heat energy in circulating oil and the heat energy in compressed air lost and wasted when the air compressor operates; the heat energy of the compressed air can be recycled at highest efficiency under the premise that the operation of the air compressor is not impacted. According to the waste heat recovery device of the air compressor and the control method of the waste heat recovery device, the collected data are analyzed and operated so as to realized effective high intelligent control; not only is the efficiency of the operation of the air compressor improved, but also the energy input of the heat energy utilizing modules can be reduced, the energy consumption or fuels for heating are lowered, and energy comprehensive utilizing degree is improved. Therefore, the waste heat recovery device has the advantages that the energy-saving effect is good, the intelligent degree is high, and the stability is excellent.

In an arc welding control method of repeating a short circuit and an arc to perform welding, control is carried out to conduct a welding current having a first polarity for a short circuit period, and a first commutation to commutate the welding current from the first polarity to be a polarity of the welding current for the short circuit period to a second polarity to be opposite to the first polarity is carried out for an arc period subsequent to the short circuit period. Furthermore, control is performed to carry out a second commutation to commutate the welding current from the second polarity to the first polarity for the arc period in which the first commutation is executed. Consequently, it is possible to reduce an energy input amount to a base metal, thereby suppressing burn-through in welding of a thin plate.

A system and method for managing water content in a fluid include a collection chamber for collecting water from the fluid with a desiccant, and a regeneration chamber for collecting water from the desiccant and transferring it to a second fluid. An evaporator cools the desiccant entering the collection chamber, and a condenser heats the desiccant entering the regeneration chamber. Diluted desiccant from the collection chamber is exchanged with concentrated desiccant from the regeneration chamber in such a way as to efficiently control the transfer of both mass and heat between the chambers. In one embodiment, mass is not exchanged until one or both of the desiccant levels in the chambers exceeds a predetermined level. Heat is transferred between the two desiccant flows as they are transferred between the chambers. This increases efficiency and reduces the energy input required for the evaporator and the condenser.

A method for synthesizing ZnO, comprising continuously circulating a growth solution that is saturated with ZnO between a warmer deposition zone, which contains a substrate or seed, and a cooler dissolution zone, which is contains ZnO source material.

A method and apparatus for separating particles preferentially accelerates particles to a rotating collector, which then reliably conveys collected particles to a discharge with minimal re-entrainment of the particles in the fluid stream. The collector minimizes energy transfer to the fluid and maximizes separation under conditions of high particle loading, fine particle content, or both. The separator may be operated in any vertical, horizontal or oblique orientation, or within devices whose orientation varies over time.

A method and apparatus for separating particles preferentially accelerates particles to a rotating collector, which then reliably conveys collected particles to a discharge with minimal re-entrainment of the particles in the fluid stream. The collector minimizes energy transfer to the fluid and maximizes separation under conditions of high particle loading, fine particle content, or both. The separator may be operated in any vertical, horizontal or oblique orientation, or within devices whose orientation varies over time.

This invention combines the precision spray process with in-flight laser treatment in order to produce direct write electronic components. In addition to these components, the process can lay down lines of conductive, inductive, and resistive materials. This development has the potential to change the approach to electronics packaging. This process is revolutionary in that components can be directly produced on small structures, thus removing the need for printed circuit boards.

A method and apparatus for conditioning ambient air for use in an enclosure is disclosed which cools the ambient supply air stream in sensible energy recovery device or cools and dehumidifies the ambient supply air stream in an enthalpy energy recovery device. The thus cooled air is then cooled by a cooling coil of a refrigerant cooling system to reduce its temperature and humidity. The thus cooled and dehumidified air is then passed through a segment of a rotating desiccant wheel or through a different type of desiccant dehumidification device under conditions which reduce its moisture content and increases its temperature. The supply air is then delivered from the desiccant wheel to the enclosure. The desiccant wheel is regenerated by heating a separate regeneration air stream, provided by the exhaust air from the space and using the condensing coil of the refrigerant system to increase the regeneration air stream temperature. The thus heated regeneration air stream is then passed through another segment of the rotating desiccant wheel to regenerate the wheel and is exhausted to the atmosphere.

The invention relates to an AC arc welding system and a method thereof, belonging to the welding equipment and automation field. The system adopts a wire feeding mode of wire pushing and drawing. A power supply adopts an AC output mode. The system concretely comprises a welding power system and a wire feeding system. The welding power system mainly comprises a main circuit part (1) for providing power output for welding and a control circuit part (2) for controlling the output power of the main circuit. The wire feeding system adopts an AC servo motor as a wire feeding motor and controls an interface circuit (E) by the wire feeding system to receive signals sent by a DSP system (A). The wire feeding motor reciprocates to realize the wire pushing and drawing. Simultaneously, a welding power judges that the welding is in the short circuit / arcing state according to the feedback voltage to change the output polarity of the power. The droplet short circuiting transfer is finished under the function of welding pumpback tension. A small short circuit current is adopted. In addition, the straight polarity direct current is adopted at the arcing initial stage. More arc energy can be distributed to welding wires, and the heat input of base metal is lowered greatly.

A drying method for a household appliance such as a dishwasher comprises a Peltier-element in addition to a heat-emitting part and also a heat-absorbing part for drying the washed items in the treatment area of the dishwasher. The heater-absorbing part cools a lateral wall of the washing container, which guides condensation of humidity into the air of the treatment area. Also, the air of the treatment area is circulated about an air channel by a blower and the air in the air channel is simultaneously heated with the aid of the heat-emitting part of the Peltier-element. The relative humidity of the air is reduced and the capacity of the air of the absorbing humidity is increased.

A reactor for reforming a hydrocarbon, and associated processes and systems, are described herein. In one example, a reactor is provided that is configured to use non-equilibrium gliding arc discharge plasma. In another example, the reactor uses a vortex flow pattern. Two stages of reforming are described. In a first stage, the hydrocarbon absorbs heat from the wall of the reactor and combusts to form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water. In a second stage, a gliding arc discharge is use to form syngas, which is a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The heat generated by the combustion of the first stage transfers to the wall of the reactor and heated products of the second stage mix with incoming hydrocarbon to provide for partial recuperation of the reaction energy.

The invention discloses a supercritical-water-oxidation energy recovery system. The supercritical-water-oxidation energy recovery system disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that theoutlet end of a supercritical water oxidation reactor is connected with a high-pressure hydrocyclone, inorganic salts in reaction products in the supercritical water oxidation reactor are discharged from a sewage discharging port, high-pressure and high-pressure gas generated is exhausted into a buffering tank to carry out flat-pressing treatment, then the flatly-pressed gas passes through a high-pressure turboexpander and a low-pressure turboexpander in sequence to carry out residual-heat utilization for generating power, an outlet of the low-pressure turboexpander is connected with an evaporator, a Rankine circulation system is connected on the evaporator and is utilized for further utilizing residual heat of fluid passing through the evaporator, so that the energy input of the Rankine circulation system is reduced; the supercritical water oxidation system and a residual-heat and residual-pressure recovery system are fully combined, and heat energy and pressure energy of supercritical water oxidation products are fully utilized, so that the energy recovery and utilization rate of the supercritical water oxidation system is increased; carbon dioxide in the products is separated and recovered by utilizing a gas-liquid separator and a rectifying tower, so that the emission of greenhouse gas is reduced.

A susceptor for a microwave hybrid heating system is provided, including a hollow member comprising a heat resistant material that does not substantially absorb or reflect microwave energy at room temperature and a substance contained within the hollow member. The substance substantially immediately couples to microwave energy at room temperature to form a plasma that emits radiant energy substantially immediately. A microwave hybrid heating system and a continuous microwave hybrid heating system including at least one susceptor according to the present invention are provided, as well as a method for sintering ceramic members using a microwave hybrid heating system according to the present invention.

A nanocatalyst, dual catalyst and methods for improving the efficiency and output of a biomass gasification process are provided where the catalysts comprise a volatile organometallic compound(s) and / or a nanoalloy catalyst. By the catalyst and method, a very high biomass gasification conversion efficiency of over 85% can be achieved. The subject nanocatalyst cracks and gasifies lignin, which is generally inert in conventional gasification, at relatively low gasification temperatures. The subject disclosure also provides a means to increase gas yields and lower lignin content in the resulting product relative to conventional gasification. Alternatively, oil production may be increased, if desired. Moreover, the resulting gas may achieve a Fischer-Tropsch reactor favorable H2:CO ratio of about 9:1. The energy input to the gasification is correspondingly reduced to reduce costs and the environmental impact associated with the gasification process.