71 results about "Soil column" patented technology

The invention discloses a soil column porosity dynamic inversion system and method and a sensor array structure, and belongs to the technical field of environmental soil tests. The system comprises a test soil column system; the acoustic monitoring module is used for acquiring ultrasonic travel time and amplitude information in the soil column; the resistivity monitoring module is used for acquiring resistivity information in the soil column; and the data processing host receives data of the acoustic monitoring module and the resistivity monitoring module, executes a joint inversion algorithm based on a rock physical coupling model, and dynamically inverts spatial distribution and time evolution of the three-dimensional porosity in the soil column by constructing a target function containing ultrasonic travel time / amplitude data and resistivity data at the same time. According to the invention, real-time, three-dimensional, high-resolution and high-adaptability soil column internal structure monitoring can be realized, and solid data support is provided for environmental rock and soil pollution migration mechanism research and restoration effect evaluation.

The invention belongs to the field of soil environment pollution simulation and prediction, and provides a prediction method based on a two-point chemical unbalanced model, which is used for quantitatively evaluating the effect of regulating and controlling the migration behavior of p-nitrophenol in acid red soil by straw stalk biochar. According to the method, a biochar-red soil composite medium system is constructed, a soil column leaching experiment is carried out to obtain penetration curve data, a two-point chemical unbalance model in CXTFIT software is utilized to carry out parameter inversion, and key parameters such as a retardation factor, a two-region distribution coefficient, a mass transfer coefficient and a liquid phase degradation coefficient are accurately identified. Model verification shows that the goodness of fit is high, and a parameter change rule reveals the inherent mechanism of enhancing the pollutant retention capacity, changing the proportion of fast and slow adsorption sites and influencing mass transfer kinetics by the biochar. Based on the verified model, the long-term migration behavior and pollution risk of p-nitrophenol under different environmental conditions can be simulated, and a scientific basis is provided for groundwater pollution control and remediation strategy optimization.

The invention provides a device for simulating the vertical migration rule of oil and gas field ground pollutants and a simulation method, and relates to the technical field, the device comprises a soil column leaching module, a spraying module and an underground water control module, the soil column leaching module and the underground water control module are both arranged in an underground foundation pit, and the soil column leaching module comprises a soil column experiment device; a sensor device is inserted into the soil column experimental device, the sensor device is electrically connected with the data acquisition device, the soil column experimental device is provided with a soil sampling window, the spraying module comprises a spraying pipe, one end of the spraying pipe is communicated with the reservoir, and the other end of the spraying pipe extends above the soil column experimental device. On the basis that only surface water is concerned to drive pollutant migration originally, the underground water control module and the water supply Markov bottle are additionally arranged, and fluctuation of the underground water level can be achieved; long-term and continuous in-situ monitoring of soil moisture in-situ data can be achieved in real time, non-destructive collection of samples can be achieved, and the research quality of the vertical migration rule of oil and gas field ground pollutants is improved.

The utility model relates to a sampling device for paddy field deep soil in an irrigation period, and relates to the technical field of soil sampling devices. The sampling device for the deep soil of the paddy field in the irrigation period comprises a cylinder body, a soil column cutting part and a bulldozing device, wherein a sampling hole penetrating through the two ends in the axial direction of the cylinder body is formed in the cylinder body; an overflow port communicated with the sampling hole is formed in the upper end of the cylinder body or the side wall close to the upper end; an inserting channel is formed in one side of the cylinder body, and the soil column cutting-off piece comprises a connecting part and a cutting-off shovel fixedly connected to the end of the connecting part; the cutting shovel can penetrate through the insertion channel to be inserted into the sampling hole and is used for cutting the soil column in the sampling hole; the bulldozer comprises a push rod and a piston push block fixedly connected to the end of the push rod, and the piston push block can stretch into the sampling hole to be used for pushing out the soil column in the sampling hole. The whole sampling device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing and using cost and convenient and reliable to use.

The invention discloses a soil column test device and method for plant root zone micro-ecology simulation research. The soil column test device comprises a soil column test model module and a solution collection module. The soil column experimental model module comprises a soil filling container with an upper cover and a lower cover, a plant root simulation device, a simulated root exudate sampling device, a soil oxidation-reduction potential monitoring device and a gas collection device, and the solution collection module is used for collecting liquid in the simulation process. According to the device, the plant root simulating device, the root exudate simulating and sampling device, the soil oxidation-reduction state monitoring device and the gas and soil solution collecting device are integrated, so that comprehensive simulation and monitoring of multiple factors of a plant root zone are realized. The device is low in processing cost, convenient to use and easy to operate, all parts are detachable and reusable, multiple pieces of environmental parameter information can be obtained, and the device has important significance on plant root zone micro-ecology research.

The invention discloses a soil organic carbon mineralization rate determination method, and relates to the technical field of soil carbon circulation and greenhouse gas monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrochloric acid back titration on an absorption liquid by adopting an automatic potentiometric titration method, converting to obtain the mass of a carbon element contained in carbon dioxide, calculating the mineralization rate by combining the dry soil weight and the culture interval, and finally subtracting an inactivation control value to obtain the organic carbon mineralization rate driven by pure microorganisms. A thin-wall stainless steel undisturbed soil drill matched with the inner diameter of a culture bottle is used for collecting soil columns in a layered manner, PVC liner tube sealing and constant-temperature transportation are matched, and a cold chamber for simulating the in-situ temperature is combined, so that the in-situ structure and the microbial habitat of the loose high-water-content peat soil are reserved to the maximum extent, and damage of traditional pretreatment to soil pores and microbial communities is avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device for environmental governance detection and a sampling method.The soil sampling device comprises a stabilizing frame, two symmetrical supporting plates are fixedly installed on the inner side of the stabilizing frame, hydraulic rods are arranged at the tops of the supporting plates, and lifting table lug plates are jointly installed at the telescopic ends of the hydraulic rods on the two sides; an electric push rod is pushed forwards to enable a side edge plate of a connecting piece to drive a guide strip to move towards the axis of a drilling barrel, at the moment, when the guide strip moves, the guide strip drives a sleeve piece to move, and when the sleeve piece moves, a displacement barrel is driven to slide outside a positioning barrel; the displacement cylinder is inserted into the side edge of a soil column limited in the drilling cylinder, then the air cylinder is started to retract to drive the bottom plate to move upwards, the bottom plate pushes the driven wedge blocks corresponding to the driving wedge blocks through the driving wedge blocks when moving upwards, and suction force in the positioning cylinder conducts suction sampling on soil through the displacement cylinder.

The invention provides a monitoring device for simulating a slurry invasion film forming and pollutant migration process, and belongs to the technical field of environmental geotechnical engineering. Comprising a soil column permeation module used for simulating a stratum environment and providing a sealed space for mud invasion and pollutant migration; the air pressure driving module is used for providing and adjusting air pressure power for mud invasion and pollutant migration processes; the pollutant migration module is used for injecting pollution liquid into the soil layer invaded by the mud and collecting samples; the monitoring and recording module is used for collecting and recording pore water pressure, images and percolate quality data in the experiment process in real time. According to the invention, the integration of mud invasion and pollutant migration experiments is realized, the determination of key parameters is realized, the invasion film-forming rule of mud under the influence of multiple factors is dynamically revealed, the specific mechanism and quantitative evaluation of the heterogeneous mud permeation zone influencing the pollutant migration behavior are clear and definite, and the operation is simple and convenient. Therefore, key data and theoretical support are provided for evaluating and improving the overall barrier efficiency of the vertical separation wall.

The application discloses a kind of equipment for studying the stability of MICP mineralization product under dry-wet-freeze-thaw cycle, comprising: soil column test unit, refrigeration cycle system, heating cycle system, temperature monitoring system and water injection unit;Soil column test unit includes temperature guide plate, soil column sample cylinder, heat preservation layer and water permeable plate;Refrigeration cycle system includes refrigeration device, cooling liquid inlet pipe and cooling liquid outlet pipe;Heating cycle system includes heating device, hot liquid inlet pipe and hot liquid outlet pipe;Temperature monitoring system includes temperature sensor and data acquisition equipment;Water injection unit includes water storage tank and peristaltic pump;Soil column sample cylinder is also provided with water outlet for discharging water in soil column sample cylinder.The equipment can simulate the dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycle environment of soil column sample, obtain the stability parameters of soil column sample under the action of dry-wet cycle and freeze-thaw cycle alone or coupling, and evaluate the stability effect of MICP technology in repairing heavy metal pollution, providing theoretical and practical basis.

The invention relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and discloses geological exploration soil layer sampling equipment which comprises a rack mounted on a vehicle body and at least one drill pipe, the bottom end of the drill pipe is connected with a drill bit, the rack is provided with a movable drilling device driven by a hydraulic cylinder to move up and down, and the middle of the drill bit is hollow. The interior of the drill bit communicates with the interior of the drill pipe, an annular flow guide groove communicating with the lower flow guide groove is formed in the top of the drill bit, and a flow guide hole communicating with the annular flow guide groove is further formed in the drill bit. The middle of the drill bit is designed to be hollow, the interior of the drill bit is communicated with the interior of the drill pipe, uncrushed soil on the inner side of the drill bit forms a to-be-sampled soil column on the inner side of the drill pipe while the drill bit is used for drilling, and the integrity of the to-be-sampled soil is guaranteed on the premise that high-efficiency drilling for sampling deep soil is guaranteed; and the accuracy of a soil sampling survey result is further improved.

The invention discloses an under-forest soil moisture migration characteristic research system and method, and relates to the technical field of forestry soil moisture migration research. Comprising an under-forest soil sampling unit, a cylinder temperature adjusting unit, an under-forest soil infiltration research experiment unit and an under-forest soil water retention research experiment unit, the under-forest soil sampling unit comprises a soil sampling drilling machine, a soil sampling barrel and a soil sampling barrel cutter; the cylinder body temperature adjusting unit is used for heating an undisturbed soil column in the soil sampling cylinder body; the under-forest soil infiltration research experiment unit is used for carrying out infiltration experiments on the undisturbed soil column in the soil sampling cylinder at different temperatures and under different earth surface conditions; and the under-forest soil water retention research experiment unit is used for carrying out field in-situ water retention observation experiments. According to the invention, the in-situ soil column is directly obtained by adopting the soil sampling cylinder, and an infiltration experiment can be directly carried out after the in-situ soil column is cut by the soil sampling cylinder, so that forestry practitioners and researchers can repeatedly obtain a large amount of undisturbed soil in a short time to carry out infiltration experiment research, and a forestry soil research method is innovated.

To provide a torsion response prediction method and a torsion response prediction device capable of easily evaluating torsion response caused by foundation input motion of a building located on irregular ground.SOLUTION: Calculating respective impedance ratios α γ = (γ 1 * Vs1) / (γ 2 * Vs2) of the stratum structures 1 and 2, where Vs1 and Vs2 are respective shear wave velocities of the stratum structures 1 and 2, and γ 1 and γ 2 are respective wet densities of the stratum structures 1 and 2, and calculating an area ratio β = A1 / (A2 + 2A1) from respective basic cross-sectional areas A1 and A2 of the stratum structures 1 and 2; A response analysis of a one dimensional soil column model is performed with respect to each of the layer structures 1 and 2, maximum displacements D1 and D2 of the grounds of the layer structures 1 and 2 are calculated, a difference in ground displacement Δ D = D1 - D2 is obtained, and a rotation angle θ max of the building caused by a base input motion is calculated using the following equation θ max = = p * (Δ D·L) q·α γ / β using preset coefficients p and q with a base length L of the building.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

A kind of volumetric water content type soil moisture characteristic curve measurement system and method, belong to soil physical property measurement field, including centrifugal rotor, centrifugal tube, calibration module and the drive module of driving centrifugal rotor to operate at different speeds;Centrifugal rotor is equipped with multiple insertion slots for inserting centrifugal tube;Centrifugal tube includes outer tube and inner tube, inner tube is nested in outer tube, inner tube is used to hold soil sample, and its bottom wall is filter membrane structure;Outer wall of outer tube is marked with millimeter scale, and scale is increasing from bottom to top along the axial direction of outer tube;The detection end of calibration module is arranged on the outer circumferential side of centrifugal rotor, and it is towards the outer wall of outer tube, for collecting image frame containing outer wall scale of outer tube, liquid level position in outer tube and upper boundary and lower boundary of soil column in inner tube after centrifugal rotor operates at different speeds for different time, and completing dynamic self-calibration of pixel and actual length with millimeter scale of outer wall of outer tube as internal standard, to calculate the soil column volume and dehydration volume of soil sample.

The invention discloses a temperature control sectional soil column leaching test device and method, and the device comprises a water supply unit which comprises a water supply tank which is provided with a water outlet control valve; the lifting unit is used for bearing and adjusting the height of the water supply tank; the leaching unit comprises a water storage containing pipe, a soil column containing pipe and a water guide containing pipe which are communicated in sequence, and the soil column containing pipe is used for containing a soil sample; the temperature control unit comprises a water bath kettle, a peristaltic pump and a heat preservation containing pipe covering the outer side of the leaching unit; a water outlet of the water supply tank can be selectively communicated with the water storage containing pipe or the water guide containing pipe; an inlet of the peristaltic pump is communicated with the water bath kettle, an outlet is communicated with a bottom water inlet of the heat-preservation containing pipe, and a top water outlet of the heat-preservation containing pipe is communicated with the water bath kettle in a backflow manner to form a closed constant-temperature liquid circulation loop; the soil column containing pipe and / or the heat preservation containing pipe are / is of a multi-section structure detachably connected in the axial direction. A plurality of constant water head holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the side walls of the heat preservation containing pipe and the water storage containing pipe and connected with constant water head pipes. According to the invention, the steady infiltration of the soil column leaching test can be ensured, the water distribution is uniform, the integrity of the leaching soil column is ensured, the experiment temperature can be well controlled, and the test result can be more accurate.

This application provides an in-situ one-dimensional soil column permeability test device and method under rainfall conditions, relating to the field of soil permeability testing. The in-situ one-dimensional soil column permeability test device under rainfall conditions includes: a simulated soil mass and a rainfall simulation system. The simulated soil mass includes a test soil pile, a simulated soil column, and a moisture content sensor. The rainfall simulation system includes a stabilizing support, a simulated rain box, and an adjustment mechanism. The stabilizing support is inserted and fixed within the test soil pile and spans the test trench. The adjustment mechanism is located at the upper end of the stabilizing support. This in-situ one-dimensional soil column permeability test device under rainfall conditions allows for direct observation of permeability rate and permeability deformation, and can obtain the moisture content time-history curve during the test process to study the seepage field changes of the simulated soil column. It also effectively controls the distance between the simulated rain box and the top of the simulated soil column, reducing the impact of rainfall on the boundary of the simulated soil column.

The application provides an unwrapped DNA soil water tracer, and the composition of the tracer is as follows: 0.1-20 mu mol / L unwrapped single-stranded DNA with a length of 80-120 bp, 0.01-0.2 mol / L Tris, 0.001-0.2 mol / L EDTA, 0.2-0.8 g / L bright blue, and the pH is adjusted to 7.0-9.0 by using 5-6 mol / L NaOH or 5-6 mol / L HCl solution. The recovery rate experiment of penetrating a saturated soil column shows that, compared with the existing DNA tracer, the unwrapped DNA soil water tracer has the advantages of not being easy to decompose, not being easy to adsorb and having a higher penetration rate in real soil.

The present application relates to the pore-matrix parameter estimation method and system considering the non-equilibrium adsorption influence, including the steps: the pore-matrix system non-equilibrium reactive solute transport analytical model is established, and the semi-analytical solution is solved;Obtain the measured soil column experiment data, monitor the organic compound phenanthrene solute concentration of fixed observation point in the set time range to obtain the breakthrough curve;The semi-analytical solution obtained is fitted with the breakthrough curve of the measured data, the parameter value corresponding to the fitting curve meeting the set condition is selected, and the parameter value is used as the estimation value of the corresponding coefficient;The present application utilizes the optimal fitting wiring to determine the corresponding pore dispersion coefficient, diffusion coefficient, first-order adsorption kinetic coefficient in the pore and first-order adsorption kinetic coefficient in the matrix, links the measured results with the theoretical results, and fully excavates the utilization value of the existing data.

This invention discloses a pretreatment method for ecological prevention and coordinated emergency response to colluvial deposits and landslide dams on riverbanks. It utilizes mature trees planted vertically at the slope toe, intersecting with horizontally planted mature trees on the slope surface to form a framework of living trees. Simultaneously, waterproof soil bags filled with rock and soil fragments are used to construct soil pillars or walls, providing support for the horizontally planted mature trees. The framework of living trees and the soil pillars or walls together form a retaining structure to prevent potential landslide impacts. The spaces between the soil pillars or walls create a drainage channel for the landslide dam, collectively providing ecological prevention and coordinated emergency response to colluvial deposits and landslide dams on riverbanks. This invention can replace the post-treatment technology of emergency excavation of spillways after landslide dam formation. By pre-constructing the drainage channel before the dam forms, it achieves ecological protection of riverbanks, reduces the risk of landslide damming, and is easy to construct.

The utility model discloses a simulation device for water and salt migration in a soil body under freeze-thaw cycle, which relates to the technical field of water and salt migration simulation devices and comprises a visual acrylic test barrel, an upper temperature conducting disc, a lower temperature conducting disc, a water and salt supply device, a fluorescent agent, a blue light lamp, a data acquisition instrument, a plurality of hydrothermal salt sensors, a water level monitor and two low-temperature thermostatic baths. According to the design, the problem that the accuracy of a water and salt migration simulation test in a soil body is influenced because the original device cannot observe the soil column change in the freezing and thawing process of the salinized soil from a macroscopic angle is solved. According to the utility model, the vacuum layer is adopted to achieve a heat preservation effect, a fluorescent agent is added into the replenishment liquid, and an internal freezing frontal surface, ice crystals and salt crystals can be observed through the acrylic glass barrel. When water and salt migration in the soil body is simulated, data are more accurate, the reliability of a test result is improved, and the water and salt migration process in the soil column is more visually observed.

The application provides a high-recovery unwrapped DNA soil water tracer, and the composition of the tracer is as follows: 0.1-20 micromoles per liter of single-stranded DNA with a length of 80-120 base pairs, 0.01-0.2 moles per liter of Tris, 0.001-0.2 moles per liter of EDTA, 0.3-1 moles per liter of sodium monohydrogen phosphate or 0.05-0.1 moles per liter of sodium hexametaphosphate solution, 0.2-0.8 grams per liter of brilliant blue, and the pH is adjusted to 7.0-9.0 by using 5-6 moles per liter of NaOH or 5-6 moles per liter of HCl. The recovery rate experiment of the penetration of a saturated soil column shows that, compared with the existing DNA tracer, the unwrapped DNA soil water tracer has the advantages of not being easy to decompose, not being easy to adsorb and having a higher penetration rate in real soil.

An in-situ dynamic settlement test bench and method for the foundation soil is provided. The in-situ dynamic settlement test bench includes a vibration table system, a sensor embedded in the foundation soil, and a water injection trench around the foundation soil. A horizontal vibration load is applied to the lower foundation soil at an in-situ testing site by means of a vibration table, and the dynamic response of the foundation soil is measured through the sensors embedded in different positions, to reflect the seismic settlement deformation of the soil body. Dynamic settlement tests on soils include indoor dynamic simple shear, triaxial and torsional shear tests. A method is proposed for measuring the dynamic response and settlement deformation of the foundation soil by using a vibrator's vibration action on an in-situ soil column. Measurements of the acceleration response and seismic settlement deformation are taken for the foundation soil under in-situ condition.

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical tests, and discloses a system and a method for measuring an unsaturated soil permeability coefficient by considering soil deformation. The system for measuring the permeability coefficient of the unsaturated soil comprises a soil column casing, a camera module, a water supply device, a micro soil tensiometer and a water content sensor. The soil column cylinder comprises a transparent cylinder body, a cover plate and a base, the transparent cylinder body is used for placing a soil sample, the cover plate is used for reducing water evaporation, and the base is used for connecting and fixing the transparent cylinder body and ensuring uniform permeation speed. The camera modules and the soil column cylinders are distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction. The water supply device is connected to the bottom end of the transparent barrel. The micro soil tensiometer and the water content sensor are fixedly connected to the same layer of a soil sample and can descend synchronously, so that the soil sample on the same layer can be continuously detected while the permeation-collapse coupling phenomenon is captured, the unsaturated soil permeability coefficient is dynamically monitored, and the error of the calculated permeability coefficient is reduced.

This invention discloses a sand and dust evaporation meter, belonging to the technical field of evaporation meters. It includes a casing, a soil column container, and a ring cover. The gap between the outer wall of the soil column container and the inner wall of the casing forms a first channel for airflow. Airflow outside the ring cover enters the first channel after multiple deflections by the ring cover. This invention allows external airflow to enter the first channel between the soil column container and the casing after multiple deflections, achieving rainproof, dustproof, and sandproof effects. It also helps maintain the ambient temperature at the bottom of the evaporation field where the evaporation meter is located consistent with the surrounding soil ambient temperature. The first ring body is not in contact with the soil column container, and the second tube body is inserted into the soil medium of the soil column container without contacting the first ring body. The upper end of the soil column container is not connected to the outside, and the ring cover does not transmit external constraint forces or vibrations to the soil column container, ensuring the accuracy of the soil column container's weighing.

The utility model discloses a soil leaching simulation experiment device, which belongs to the technical field of soil leaching, and comprises a vehicle body provided with a liquid storage tank, a pump body and a control box; the bottommost experimental soil column is connected with the vehicle body; the input end of the pump body is communicated with the liquid storage tank through a hose, and the output end is communicated with the top column through a hose; the partition plate is detachably arranged between the top column and the uppermost experimental soil column, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition plate; according to the scheme, a plurality of experimental soil columns are respectively mounted to achieve the purpose of respectively filling different layers of soil, so that the soil filling is more convenient; meanwhile, different layers of soil can be conveniently sampled; under the action of the partition plates and the through holes, raw water or leachate can be uniformly distributed on the surface of soil, local supersaturation or erosion of the soil caused by water flow concentration at a certain position is avoided, the soil structure is prevented from being damaged, and the precision and reliability of a soil leaching simulation experiment are ensured.

This invention belongs to the field of soil environmental monitoring technology, specifically relating to a method for sampling new pollutants in soil, comprising the following steps: in-situ soil sampling: inserting a soil sampling tube into the selected sampling point to form a soil column inside the tube, pulling out the tube and pushing out the soil column, sealing the soil column with plastic film to complete the sampling packaging; freeze-drying: removing the packaging from the sealed soil column, taking soil samples from the column and freeze-drying them in a freeze dryer; extraction: grinding and sieving the dried soil sample, and obtaining the target pollutant extract using a mixed solvent of acetone and dichloromethane in a pressurized fluid extractor for subsequent detection. This invention employs an in-situ soil sampling method, reducing damage to the soil stratification structure by using a straight cylindrical sampling tube and adding operating holes, preventing cross-contamination of adsorbed pollutants at different soil depths, and effectively reducing the cross-contamination rate during sampling compared to traditional spiral drilling methods that break up the soil.

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to an unsaturated soil freezing and thawing circulating device applying wicking geotextile and a test method thereof.The unsaturated soil freezing and thawing circulating device comprises a sample forming device, an illumination device, an environment device, a temperature and humidity control device, a water supply device, a data monitoring device and a control terminal; the illumination device is used for conducting ultraviolet radiation on the part, exposed out of the soil column, of the wicking geotextile, the environment device is used for providing a heat-preservation and moisture-preservation closed test environment for the sample forming device, and the temperature and humidity control device is used for regulating and controlling the temperature and humidity in the environment device. And the water supply device is used for providing constant water head supply for the sample forming device. The device is reasonable in design, simple in structure and convenient to process, and can really simulate the boundary condition that the geotextile supplements water to the unsaturated soil body through the wicking effect in the actual engineering, so that the hydrothermal migration rule and mechanical property evolution in the unsaturated soil body freezing and thawing cycle process under the complex condition are more accurately researched.

The invention relates to a low-freezing-point infiltration and visualization integrated detection method for improved saline soil in a seasonal frozen region. Cooperative improvement is realized around three links of low-temperature, constant-temperature and constant-flow liquid supply, in-situ visualization imaging and synchronous control and quantitative identification. The method comprises the following steps: stably supplying a tracing solution with the freezing point lower than 0 DEG C in a range of-5 DEG C to + 5 DEG C; the continuous wetting and infiltration process of the surface layer of the soil sample is kept uninterrupted; a non-destructive in-situ observation window is constructed through fixed geometry and exposure combination of a wedge-shaped or cutting edge transparent observation module, an industrial camera and annular illumination; the central control and data processing module is used for implementing timestamp alignment and closed-loop coordination on pump speed, temperature control, illumination and imaging; according to the system, interface and alignment errors are reduced, energy consumption and arrangement complexity are reduced, repeatability, comparability and efficiency of tests are improved, and a standardized data basis is provided for mechanism research, parameter inversion and model calibration under the condition of an indoor rack / transparent soil column.

The invention provides a soil column device for simulating unsaturated soil solute transport, which comprises a soil column assembly, the soil column assembly comprises a soil column cylinder, and the first end of the soil column cylinder is detachably connected with a soil collection head or a water collection part; the soil collection head is used for collecting soil in a sampling stage of a soil column experiment, and the water collection part is used for collecting percolate in a rainfall simulation stage of the soil column experiment; the two ends of the soil column cylinder are open, a protrusion is arranged at the first end of the soil column cylinder, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the protrusion. During sampling, the soil column cylinder and the soil collecting head are assembled, and the soil collecting head is used for cutting a soil body to obtain an undisturbed soil column. When rainfall is simulated, the soil collecting head is detached, the water collecting part and the soil column casing are assembled, and the percolate is collected through the water collecting part. After sampling, the soil column cylinder can be directly used for a migration research experiment by replacing the soil collecting head with the water collecting part, and a soil sample does not need to be taken out and refilled into a soil column, so that the integrity of the soil is ensured, and the soil sample is ensured not to be disturbed.

The present application relates to a method for establishing a constitutive model of soil based on a prototype test and a test device used by the method, the method comprising the following steps: placing a sealed bag in a soil column test hole, injecting fluid into the sealed bag to load the soil, measuring the lateral displacement of the deep soil, calculating the yield cylindrical surface radius of the soil, the radial compressive stress at yield, and the principal stress state of the soil unit according to the circular hole expansion theory and the Lame equation, establishing the yield criterion, the subsequent yield surface, and the failure criterion, dividing the soil in the plastic deformation area into multiple concentric soil cylinders according to the graded loading, calculating the size and radial displacement of each soil cylinder from outside to inside, combining the test hole sidewall radial displacement test value, calculating the elastic parameters required by the incremental method in the elastic-plastic mechanics according to the test loading grade, establishing the constitutive model, assuming that the yield surface is a plane and the intermediate principal stress is ignored, degrading the yield criterion into the Mole-Coulomb criterion, and verifying the constitutive model through a prototype test.