536 results about "Vertical load" patented technology

Disclosed herein are an adhesion coefficient determination method and apparatus, and a vehicle, a medium and a program product. The method comprises: acquiring sensor data collected by at least one sensor of a vehicle; on the basis of the sensor data, determining travelling information of the vehicle, wherein the travelling information comprises at least one of the following: a slip rate, longitudinal stiffness, a tire longitudinal force, a tire lateral force, a tire vertical load, a front-axle lateral force and a rack force; on the basis of the travelling information, or the sensor data and the travelling information, determining at least one reference adhesion coefficient and a confidence level of each reference adhesion coefficient, wherein the at least one reference adhesion coefficient comprises at least one of the following: a steady-state adhesion coefficient, a dynamic adhesion coefficient, a longitudinal adhesion coefficient and a lateral adhesion coefficient; and on the basis of the at least one reference adhesion coefficient and the confidence level of each reference adhesion coefficient, determining a target adhesion coefficient of the vehicle and a confidence level of the target adhesion coefficient. The method in the embodiments of the present application improves the accuracy of adhesion coefficient determination.

The invention discloses a high-bearing-capacity offshore wind power pile foundation structure and a construction method thereof. The high-bearing-capacity offshore wind power pile foundation structure comprises a suction bucket, a vertical rod installed in an inner cavity of the suction bucket and coaxially fixed to the suction bucket, a stabilizing assembly dividing the inner space of the suction bucket into a plurality of independent cavities and a leveling assembly. By arranging the stabilizing assembly and the leveling assembly, the suction bucket is divided into a plurality of independent cavities through the stabilizing assembly, differential pressure leveling is conducted in a multi-cavity independent water pumping mode in the stage of preliminary contact with the seabed, the perpendicularity of the suction bucket in contact with the seabed is guaranteed, and in the stage of downward insertion of the bucket body part, a high-pressure nozzle is started again to conduct secondary posture fine adjustment; according to the dynamic deviation correcting device, the dynamic deviation correcting capacity is achieved in different time periods in the penetration process, the dynamic deviation correcting device can adapt to uneven local hardness of a seabed or slight drifting of the posture of a barrel body in the downward insertion process, inclined insertion and penetration failure caused by posture unbalance of the suction barrel are avoided, and the vertical bearing performance and the anti-overturning stability of a pile foundation are further enhanced.

The invention provides a method for determining advanced controllable roof cutting parameters of a thick and hard roof of a coal mine stope face, which comprises the steps of engineering general situation field investigation and survey, in-situ geomechanical test, goaf roof thickness / thin plate theoretical analysis, coal pillar or filling body vertical load theoretical analysis, numerical simulation calculation and engineering test verification. Analyzing the mechanical behavior of the working face roof based on a plate theory, verifying the correctness of a theoretical model through measured data, and changing boundary conditions to predict the mechanical behavior of the roof after roof cutting; the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the vertical load of a coal pillar or a roadside support body after roof cutting and the influence rule of roof cutting height and angle on the roadside support body through a mechanical model, and preliminarily obtaining better roof cutting parameters; by establishing a numerical model of different topping parameter combinations, different performance parameters are used for comparing and evaluating different topping parameters, so that the optimal topping parameter is determined; according to the method, advanced controllable roof cutting of the hard roof of the coal seam is achieved, and the mine pressure treatment effect in mining is predicted.

The invention discloses a support design method of a strong support steel frame based on layer critical stiffness, and relates to the technical field of building reinforcement. Comprising the steps of calculating the critical support stiffness of a frame column and drawing a nomogram of the critical support stiffness of the frame column, calculating the critical support stiffness of a shear type support steel frame layer of each floor, calculating the critical support cross-sectional area of the shear type support steel frame of each floor under the action of no horizontal load, and calculating the equivalent support area required for resisting the horizontal load. Calculating the critical support area of each floor frame under the action of a vertical load and a horizontal load; calculating the cross section area of a tension critical support single diagonal rod; and selecting the cross section model of a shear type support. The invention discloses a support design method of a strong support steel frame based on layer critical stiffness, provides design steps of a shear type strong support for the steel frame, and in the method, discloses a calculation formula of the structural layer critical support stiffness of the shear type support steel frame and provides a nomogram convenient for engineering application.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a five-axis tool sharpener. The five-axis tool sharpener comprises a base table, a tool rest and a tool rest, the cutting device comprises a cutting mechanism and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is installed on the base table and connected with the cutting mechanism, and the lifting assembly can drive the cutting mechanism to ascend and descend relative to the base table; the balance assembly is installed on the base table and connected with the lifting assembly, and the balance assembly provides driving force for the lifting assembly so as to balance the vertical load of the lifting assembly; the mechanical arm is installed on the lifting assembly and used for transferring the workpiece to be machined to the bottom side of the cutting mechanism. On one hand, the mechanical arm and the cutting mechanism are both installed on the lifting assembly, so that the mechanical arm can synchronously move along with the cutting mechanism, then feeding of the mechanical arm can be flexible, on the other hand, the balance assembly can provide driving force for the lifting assembly to balance the vertical load of the lifting assembly, and therefore the five-axis tool sharpener can balance the gravity of the main shaft.

The invention provides a coupler force calibration method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a three-point bending beam model which is used for representing a beam structure formed by the direct connection of a coupling end of a first coupler and a coupling end of a second coupler in a coupling state, and simplifying the tail part of the first coupler into a clamped constraint, the tail of the second car coupler is simplified to be clamped constraint, and the clamped constraint limits the vertical displacement and the rotation angle of the tail of the corresponding car coupler at the same time; applying a vertical load at a preset position on the first car coupler; the bearing reaction force borne by the tail of the target car coupler under the action of the vertical load is determined, so that the calibration relation between the vertical load and the bearing reaction force of the tail of the target car coupler is constructed, and the bearing reaction force of the tail of the target car coupler is the vertical force borne by the tail of the target car coupler and transmitted at the preset position on the first car coupler; the target coupler is one of the first coupler and the second coupler. According to the invention, the accuracy of vertical load transmission calculation is improved.

Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus comprising an upper plate and a lower plate. A plurality of horizontal load cells and a plurality of vertical load cells positioned on the lower plate to measure the forces in an x-direction, a y-direction, and a z-direction. A plurality of holes provided on the upper plate. A plurality of pins are fixed on the horizontal load cells and inserted into each correspondence hole. A plurality of spherical balls placed between the horizontal load cells and the upper plate. The spherical balls are provided to determine the force in the z-direction and the movement of the upper plate in the x-direction and the z-direction. A plurality of first sensor and a plurality of second sensors are provided over the upper plate and around the upper plate over the wall, respectively.

The seamless telescopic device comprises a telescopic device body and an elastic body, and the telescopic device body comprises a simply supported beam plate, a bottom plate assembly and a plurality of telescopic pieces; the bottom plate assemblies are symmetrically arranged at intervals of a certain distance S. The two ends of each simply supported beam plate are located on the inner sides of the ends, close to the distance S, of the bottom plate assemblies correspondingly, buckled with the bottom plate assemblies, cover the distance S and are used for adapting to deformation of a main body structure, and the telescopic pieces are symmetrically arranged between the simply supported beam plates and the end vertical faces of the bottom plate assemblies. The elastic body covers the upper portion of the telescopic device body and completely wraps the telescopic pieces, when the lower portion S of the simply supported beam plate changes, the telescopic pieces integrally and synchronously stretch out and draw back to deform, the telescopic pieces are symmetrically distributed in two sections of telescopic space between the simply supported beam plate and the bottom plate assembly, the load acting time is greatly shortened, and the load contact area is greatly reduced. And therefore, the safety and durability of the telescopic device are ensured, and the elastic body can effectively bear vertical loads in the constraint space.

The invention discloses a cable laying pulley load performance test device, and belongs to the technical field of pulley performance test. The sliding rails are symmetrically arranged, the placement platform and the bottom baffle are in sliding fit, the detection assembly is located above the placement platform, the placement platform is used for bearing a tackle, the bottom baffle is used for auxiliary supporting, and the detection assembly is used for applying a vertical load. According to the pulley load performance test device for cable laying, by adjusting the relative positions of the placement platform and the bottom baffle plate on the slide rail, supporting and fixing spaces of cable pulleys with different sizes and structural forms can be flexibly adapted; the special-shaped tackle has the advantages that the special-shaped tackle is matched with the lockable sliding block and the self-centering structure, so that the technical problems that the special-shaped tackle is difficult to fix and the loading center deviates are solved, the lateral displacement or overturning of the tackle when the tackle is pressed is effectively limited, and the stability and safety of load performance detection and the accuracy of data are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a stress verification method for a tunnel secondary lining trolley portal and a related product, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a vertical load; determining a lateral load; independent load values borne by each vertical supporting device and each lateral supporting device are calculated; the calculated independent load values are compared with the respective rated bearing capacity of the supporting devices, and whether the structural strength of the portal meets the safety requirement or not is judged; according to the method, a load distribution model closer to engineering practice and a more comprehensive double-strength checking mechanism are provided, so that the accuracy of structural strength evaluation can be improved, safety accidents caused by insufficient local bearing capacity are effectively prevented, and technical guarantee is provided for tunnel construction safety.

To provide a column structure capable of suppressing damage when receiving a horizontal load.SOLUTION: A column structure includes a column body supporting a load in a vertical direction, and a side plate attached to at least a part of a side surface of the column body and divided into two or more divided plates in a vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The application relates to a vehicle axle steering mechanism test device, which comprises a vertical loading module of a to-be-tested vehicle axle, a steering driving module, and a torque loading module. The vertical loading module is arranged on the to-be-tested vehicle axle and is used for applying a vertical load to the to-be-tested vehicle axle. The output end of the steering driving module is connected with a steering knuckle arm of the to-be-tested vehicle axle and is used for driving the to-be-tested vehicle axle to perform a steering action. The torque loading module is respectively connected with two wheel edge output ends of the to-be-tested vehicle axle and comprises a universal connecting unit and a torque loading unit. The universal connecting unit is used for providing multi-degree-of-freedom constraint. The torque loading unit is used for loading torque. The application innovatively constructs a highly integrated, multi-axis linkage comprehensive test bench. The modules can effectively simulate the actual stress of the vehicle axle when the vehicle turns or goes uphill during testing through mutual cooperation, effectively solve the problem that the existing test bench has single function and cannot simulate a composite working condition, improve the efficiency and convenience of performance and durability testing, and fill the industry gap.

The application relates to an intelligent isolation bearing online monitoring system, an installation process and a monitoring method. The system integrates force value, angular acceleration and displacement monitoring functions on the basis of an isolation bearing, is composed of an upper sealing plate, a rubber body, a lower sealing plate and a monitoring system, is used for simultaneously monitoring vertical loads transmitted from an upper building to a lower foundation and angular acceleration and horizontal displacement of the isolation bearing, and is composed of a ring-shaped pressure sensor, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a displacement sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a cloud server and a monitoring platform. The system adopts a full-sensor external modular structure, is matched with a six-order Kalman fusion algorithm, a multi-parameter coupling early warning criterion, an IMU dynamic drift calibration model, and a special pre-tightening and anti-loosening installation process, is suitable for various working conditions, realizes synchronous acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters of a bearing, data noise reduction fusion and fault grading early warning, and can realize real-time monitoring of stress, angular acceleration and displacement states of a building isolation bearing.

A draught fan foundation suitable for deepwater comprises a cylindrical central supporting barrel foundation with the bottom of an open structure, a fixing rod is arranged at the top of the central supporting barrel foundation, a top structural frame is fixed to the top of the fixing rod, a top flange used for installing a draught fan is arranged on the top structural frame, and a stabilizing assembly is arranged on the peripheral side of the fixing rod. The center truss and the large-size suction type bucket foundation at the bottom of the center truss are used for bearing, the requirement for vertical loads is met, meanwhile, water flow resistance is reduced, and structural stability is improved. A supporting frame extending outwards is arranged at the bottom along a central truss, and a small-size bearing barrel foundation is arranged at the tail end, so that the swing stability of a central structure is enhanced, the overall foundation is high in underwater stability, the fan foundation can be installed without piling, the steel consumption is reduced, manufacturing is convenient, batch manufacturing can be rapidly formed, use in a deep water area is achieved, and the cost is reduced. The economical efficiency is greatly improved, and offshore wind power is promoted to move to deep and far seas.

A method of in situ measurement of an acoustoelastic constant (L) of a railway rail, using an ultrasonic wedge sensor to measure a stress-free (unloaded) time-of-flight (t0) in the vertical direction of the rail. Next, a vertical load of known load value is applied to the rail. While the vertical load is applied, the ultrasonic wedge sensor is used to measure a stressed time-of-flight value. The difference between the stress-free and the stressed time-of-flight is calculated to obtain a time-of-flight difference value (Δt). Based on the load value, the stress-free time-of-flight value, and the time-of-flight difference value, the acoustoelastic constant, L, may be calculated. The wedge sensor may be further used to measure the (stressed) horizontal time of flight, and a time-of-flight difference value in the horizontal direction may be used to measure longitudinal stress.

The present application relates to a main tower of a suspension bridge, comprising: a steel tower column having a hollow cross-section; a concrete tower column located on the inner side of the steel tower column; a main cable saddle fixed to the top of the concrete tower column; and a plurality of force transmission members distributed along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge, provided between the top side of the outer wall of the concrete tower column and the top side of the inner wall of the steel tower column. The present application achieves the decoupling of the axial force and bending moment of the steel-concrete composite tower column. The vertical load at the top of the tower is entirely borne by the concrete tower column, and the vast majority of the longitudinal unbalanced horizontal force is borne by the steel tower column. Since the steel tower column does not bear the huge vertical load at the top of the tower, the size of the steel structure can be reduced, and the longitudinal unbalanced horizontal force at the top of the tower can be reduced, thereby further optimizing the structural size, forming a virtuous cycle, optimizing the force-bearing performance of the main tower, and improving economic efficiency.

The invention discloses a numerical control heavy horizontal turning and grinding machine tool sharpening frame structure which comprises a large tool rest, an upper tool rest, a transverse feeding mechanism, a linear hard rail, a sliding guide rail, a worm, a worm gear and a transition body, and the upper tool rest comprises an upper tool rest lower body, a rotary body and a static pressure grinding head; the large tool rest is installed on a lathe bed of the numerical control heavy horizontal turning and grinding machine, and the upper tool rest lower body is installed in the large tool rest. The rotary body is fixed above the upper knife rest lower body through a clamping screw, and the static pressure grinding head is mounted at the top of the rotary body; the transition body is connected below the rotary body, the worm gear is installed on the transition body, and the worm is longitudinally arranged on the upper tool rest lower body and meshed with the worm gear. Through composite arrangement of the linear hard rails and the multiple sets of sliding guide rails, combination of high-rigidity bearing and high-precision guiding is achieved, a stable foundation is provided for micro-feeding, main vertical loads are borne through rolling of the pulleys on the wheel type steel rails, and moving resistance is greatly reduced.

The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and railway construction, and particularly discloses a vibration reduction and deformation resistance steel sheet pile for deep foundation pit engineering close to an existing railway line, which comprises a steel sheet pile, a vertical load-bearing steel bar, a connecting component, a vibration isolation and reduction interlayer and a protective steel plate. By adopting a composite structure form of steel sheet piles, vibration isolation and reduction interlayers and vertical load-bearing steel bars, the structure reinforcing function and the vibration isolation function are organically combined, and a brand-new supporting structure system is formed; the vertical stressed steel bars are matched with the vibration isolation and reduction interlayer and the damping spring shock absorbers, the vertical stressed steel bars mainly share tensile stress to improve the stress state, the vibration isolation and reduction interlayer mainly absorbs vibration energy to weaken vibration transmission, and the comprehensive performance of the steel sheet pile is remarkably improved through the combined action of the vibration isolation and reduction interlayer and the damping spring shock absorbers; meanwhile, according to the scheme, by optimizing arrangement of the vertical load-bearing steel bars, selection of vibration isolation and reduction materials and arrangement of connecting components, the whole structure has the good reinforcing effect and vibration reduction performance, and construction convenience and economical efficiency are taken into consideration.

The utility model discloses a scaling rolling test bench, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicle testing. In the scaling rolling test bed, a track wheel system comprises a track wheel driving module and track wheels connected to the track wheel driving module, and the track wheels comprise six-component wheels; the wheel system comprises a wheel driving module and a scaling wheel connected to the wheel driving module, and the scaling wheel is arranged above the track wheel; the vertical loading system is arranged above the scaled wheel so as to provide a vertical load for the scaled wheel. The rail wheel comprises a six-component wheel, the rail wheel can be directly measured to obtain three-dimensional force and torque, errors caused by indirect calculation by additionally arranging strain gauges on the rail wheel in the prior art are avoided, the testing precision of the wheel rail vibration boundary condition can be improved, meanwhile, the steps of arranging, designing and assembling the strain gauges in the prior art can be avoided, and the testing efficiency is improved. And the assembling convenience is improved.

The utility model discloses an aircraft main landing gear fatigue detection device, which comprises a bearing platform, a supporting assembly is arranged above the bearing platform, a detection platform and a lifting assembly are arranged at the top of the supporting assembly, and a detection assembly is arranged on one side, above the detection platform, of the lifting assembly. According to the utility model, the design structure is reasonable, a plurality of first supporting columns and second supporting columns are respectively arranged on the bearing platform, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the first supporting columns and the second supporting columns; then the space between the first supporting columns and the second supporting columns is adjusted to adjust the unfolding area of the first supporting columns and the second supporting columns, and then detection tables of different sizes are installed, so that loads are conveniently applied to undercarriages of different sizes for carrying out sexual simulation detection, and the problems that the size of an existing platform for placing the undercarriages is inconvenient to adjust, and the working efficiency is high are solved. And the application range of the detection device is influenced.

The utility model relates to the technical field of steel trusses. The corridor structure of the triangular steel truss comprises a truss body, the truss body is composed of three chord members, the three chord members are distributed in an inverted triangle shape, a plurality of web members are arranged between the chord members on the front side and the rear side and between the chord members at the bottom, and a road laying position is arranged between every two adjacent chord members in the front-back direction. The corridor structure of the triangular steel truss not only can meet the bearing capacity of bearing transverse loads and vertical loads, but also can meet more use requirements, and is better in practicability and safety. The technical problems that in the prior art, an existing corridor truss structure is single, the practicability and safety of the corridor truss structure are low, and higher actual requirements cannot be met are solved.

The invention relates to a coal and rock mass detection device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of coal and rock mass detection. The coal and rock mass detection device comprises a clamping mechanism, a first pressure applying mechanism, a second pressure applying mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping blocks which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and a coal and rock mass is arranged between the two clamping blocks; the first pressure applying mechanism is connected with the top surface of the upper clamping block and applies vertically downward pressure to the upper clamping block, the second pressure applying mechanism is connected with the first pressure applying mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the first pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the side face of the coal rock mass so as to apply pressure in the horizontal direction to the coal rock mass. Due to the fact that the clamping block and the second pressure applying mechanism move through the power of the first pressure applying mechanism, the overall structure of the detection device is simplified, synchronous loading of the vertical load and the horizontal load is achieved, and the real stress state of the coal rock mass is more accurately measured.

The application discloses a variable-angle triaxial test device for simulating cross-tunnel excavation and considering external disturbance, which comprises a counterforce frame, a hydraulic loading module, a vertical disturbance module and a variable-angle triaxial test module arranged on the counterforce frame, lateral confining pressure is applied through first and second horizontal loading oil cylinders, vertical load is applied through a vertical loading oil cylinder, until a set stress state is reached, vertical disturbance to the rock sample is formed by vertically moving the disturbance block along the slide rail, and cross-tunnel excavation simulation is performed on the rock sample through the excavation hole. In the case of realizing the conventional six-surface loading true triaxial test, cross-tunnel excavation is simulated, and disturbance can be applied in the vertical direction, thereby realizing single-hole, cross-double-hole excavation of the rock sample under the true triaxial loading condition and stability analysis of the rock sample under vertical disturbance after the excavation is completed.

This invention relates to a design method for reinforcing rock mass structures with small-diameter piles under post-load conditions in the field of slope protection. The method first obtains the inclination angle θ of the outward-dipping structural surface, the internal friction angle and cohesion c, the sliding mass weight γ, the sliding mass height H, the stress ratio n between the pile and the rock mass at the structural surface, the vertical load q applied to the upper part of the sliding mass after the construction of a single deeply embedded small-diameter anti-slide pile, the sliding mass width b, and the horizontal extension length l. Then, using these parameters, it calculates the initial axial force of the deeply embedded small-diameter anti-slide pile before sliding, the deflection angle of the deeply embedded small-diameter anti-slide pile when the anti-slide force is at its maximum, the minimum compressive stiffness of the small-diameter anti-slide pile, and the axial force and anchorage length of the deeply embedded small-diameter anti-slide pile caused by compression after minor deflection deformation at the structural surface. This invention saves resources compared to empirical design methods.

This invention relates to the field of optical cable testing technology, and in particular to a testing device and method for testing the coupling performance of optical cables with soil. Regarding the testing device, a relative-slip test chamber is used to accommodate a soil sample; a vertical loading mechanism is used to apply a vertical load to the soil sample within the relative-slip test chamber; a transverse loading assembly is used to apply a transverse load to the test chamber assembly; the test optical cable is inserted inside the relative-slip test chamber and is wrapped by the soil sample; the optical cable tensioning mechanism and the optical cable fixing fixture work together to apply pre-tension stress to the test optical cable, maintaining deformation coupling with the soil sample. During the test, real-time deformation data of the soil sample and strain response data of the test optical cable are simultaneously acquired, comprehensively recording the mechanical changes throughout the entire process from elastic coupling and micro-slippage to debonding failure between the test optical cable and the soil sample, thereby achieving multi-dimensional, full-process quantitative testing of the coupling performance between the optical cable and soil.

The invention relates to hanging basket equipment for a continuous beam and a hanging mechanism and a construction method of the hanging basket equipment. The suspender adopts I-shaped section steel composed of two opposite wing plates and a middle web plate, the web plate transmits axial tension, the wing plates increase the inertia moment of a transverse stress section, the wing plates and the web plate form a collaborative stress system, and lateral bending deformation in the thickness direction is effectively restrained. The cross section of a locking hole of the locking mounting base is of a big-end-up conical structure, the two locking inclined blocks are attached to the inner wall of the locking hole and the two sides of a suspender web correspondingly, and the self-locking effect that the larger the load is, the higher the extrusion force is is is formed. Meanwhile, the limiting protrusion abuts against the locking inclined block, the contact area is increased to share part of vertical loads, and meanwhile the locking inclined block and the hanging rod are limited to move in the locking state. The limiting protrusions are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the hanging rod, a plurality of adjusting gears are formed, the vertical height of the bottom basket mechanism can be adjusted, and the pouring height requirements of different cantilever beam sections are met.

The utility model relates to a bridge large cantilever flange plate reinforcing and supporting structure which comprises a bridge body and a cantilever arranged on one side of the bridge body. A light-weight supporting mechanism used for supporting the cantilever is arranged between the bottom of the cantilever and one side of the bridge body, the L-shaped supporting frame and the inclined supporting inclined rod form a triangular stable system, when the cantilever bears a vertical load, the load is transmitted to the bridge body through the supporting frame, the supporting inclined rod provides horizontal resistance, the bending moment of the root of the cantilever is remarkably reduced, and the stability of the cantilever is improved. Due to the high strength of the aluminum alloy material and the filling of the foam core material, it is ensured that the structure has enough flexural rigidity on the premise of light weight, local buckling is avoided, the supporting inclined rods are inserted into the corresponding mounting grooves of the supporting frame for positioning through the upper mounting base and the lower mounting base, final fixing is completed through the limiting pieces, and when the mounting bolts are screwed into the limiting sleeves, the supporting inclined rods are fixed. The sleeve presses the mounting base to be tightly attached to the mounting groove to form rigid connection, welding is not needed through the design, the pre-tightening force of the bolt is adjustable, and different load requirements are met.

This prevents deterioration of workability, deterioration of pier quality, increase in construction costs, and prolongation of construction periods. [Solution] Pier brackets 3a to 3d have side portions 12a1, 12a2, 12b1, 12b2, 12c1, 12c2, 12d1, 12d2 and vertical support portions 13a to 13d connected to side portions 12a1, 12a2, 12b1, 12b2, 12c1, 12c2, 12d1, 12d2, and vertical support portions 13a to 13d are configured to be able to transmit vertical loads to the pier 2, and are installed on the pier 2 without drilling mounting holes in the pier 2.

The tension control system of a roll-to-roll facility related to the present embodiment may comprise: a load cell which comprises an unwinder provided to unwind a substrate, a rewinder provided to wind the substrate, and transfer rolls arranged between the unwinder and the rewinder to guide travelling of the substrate, and is provided to measure a vertical load of the travelling substrate; a friction coefficient measuring unit provided to measure a friction coefficient between the travelling substrate and the transfer rolls; a dancer roll which guides the travelling of the substrate and is provided to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the width direction of the substrate; and a tension controller provided to receive a measured value input from the load cell and a measured value input from the friction coefficient measuring unit to control operation of the dancer roll so as to control tension of the travelling substrate.

This invention relates to the field of straddle-type monorail vehicle operation simulation testing technology, and discloses a method and apparatus for simulating the operation of straddle-type monorail vehicles. The method involves adjusting the test bench to match the vehicle's wheel system, applying a vertical load to simulate vehicle weight using an axle load-simulating actuator, and achieving longitudinal and lateral fixation through a traction rod and pulley system. An onboard detection system acquires track irregularity displacement signals and track spectra from the actual track, which are then imported into a vibration simulation system to drive a vibration simulation device to reproduce the vehicle's operating state. Stability parameters are tested using sensors to complete the overall vehicle vibration reliability test. The corresponding apparatus includes a test bench foundation, a reaction frame, a loading gantry, and a vibration simulation system. This invention can accurately simulate actual operating conditions, achieve fault reproduction and extreme condition assessment, and effectively improve the realism and efficiency of the test.