Multifunctional soil column model device and using method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soil column water seepage models. Disclosed are a multifunctional soil column model device and a using method. According to the multifunctional soil column model device and the using method, by extending an electric push rod, a pressing plate moves downward to approach the soil; as one end of each rope is connected to a fixing plate, rope reels are enabled to release the corresponding ropes and rotate, a rotating shaft drives cams to rotate, and the cams and pulleys compress each other to move and drive, in cooperation with first springs, a fixing sheet to shake in a reciprocating mode, so that the fixing sheet drives, by means of a second spring, a threaded disc and the pressing plate to vibrate in a reciprocating mode, the pressing plate advances downward in a vibrating mode, and the pressing plate makes contact with the soil and maintains vibration to perform compaction operation, thereby improving the soil compaction quality, better simulating subgrade soil, and enhancing experimental accuracy; moreover, by assembling multiple model barrels for use, experimental data at different heights can be simulated, and by means of assembly, the space occupied by model barrels can be reduced, thereby facilitating transportation.

Description

Multifunctional soil column model device and use method Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil column seepage models, in particular to a multifunctional soil column model device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The roadbed is the foundation of the pavement and a key unit of the entire road structure. Its safety and stability directly impact the safety of high-speed railway and highway infrastructure, and play a critical role in the further development of my country's national economy. From the initial filling to service operation, the roadbed structure is exposed to the natural environment. Affected by factors such as atmospheric precipitation and groundwater level fluctuations, the soil moisture content changes and increases, which in turn leads to gradual changes in the saturation and matrix suction of the unsaturated zone of the roadbed. Especially under extreme rainfall conditions, water will accumulate within the embankment and cannot be discharged in time, forming "water pockets" within the roadbed. This reduces the stiffness and strength of the roadbed soil, causes significant additional deformation, and threatens the long-term service performance of the roadbed. Therefore, correctly understanding the evolution of the roadbed moisture field during its service life under the influence of environmental fields such as the atmosphere and groundwater is key to ensuring the safety and stability of the roadbed in long-term operation.

[0003] In response to the above problems, many scholars have used one-dimensional soil columns or fixed / dynamic water level lysimeters to explore the changing laws of soil moisture content under different rainfall conditions. However, a single one-dimensional soil column device / variable water level lysimeter is only suitable for variable water level simulated rainfall experiments (only simulating rainfall replenishment without considering groundwater outflow conditions), and groundwater level simulation is difficult. In addition, the one-dimensional soil column devices used in traditional experiments are of fixed size, which is not only inconvenient to adjust according to experiments at different heights, but also occupies a large space and is inconvenient to carry and transport. In addition, it is not convenient to quickly compact the sensors before and after the test and when filling the soil. If the soil column is not completely compacted, it will affect the experimental quality, and it will be inconvenient to take samples during the experiment. It is also difficult to clean up after the experiment is completed, which complicates simple experiments and increases the time cost of the experiment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study a new multifunctional soil column model device and its use method to solve the above problems.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of this application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the existing soil column seepage model, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult to simulate the groundwater level with a single one-dimensional soil column device, and the one-dimensional soil column device used in traditional experiments is fixed in size, which is not only inconvenient to adjust according to experiments at different heights, but also occupies a large space, is inconvenient to carry and transport, and is not convenient for rapid compaction when installing sensors and filling the soil before and after the test. If the soil column is not completely compacted, it will affect the quality of the experiment, and it will be inconvenient to take samples during the experiment, and it will be difficult to clean up after the experiment is completed, resulting in the complication of simple experiments and high test time costs.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional soil column model device, comprising:

[0009] The soil column model mechanism includes a model component and a water injection component connected to the bottom of the model component, a water level pipe is provided below the model component, and an adjustment component is fixed to the model component, and the adjustment component is fixed to the water injection component; and

[0010] The auxiliary mechanism includes a telescopic component, one side of the telescopic component is sleeved on the adjusting component, the top of the telescopic component is threadedly equipped with a cleaning component, the bottom of the telescopic component is fixedly connected to an elastic component, the elastic component is fixedly connected to a torsion component, both ends of the torsion component are fixedly connected to a rope drum, a rope is wrapped around the outside of the rope drum, the rope passes through the elastic component and is fixed to the telescopic component, two cams are fixedly connected to the torsion component, the bottom of the two cams cooperate with two pulleys, the bottom of the two pulleys is fixed with the same fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic component, a switch is installed at the bottom of the fixing plate, a threaded disk is provided below the switch, and a pressure component is threadedly assembled on the threaded disk.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment assembly includes a frame, an adjustment plate is provided in the frame, an adjustment opening is provided at the bottom of the frame, a support shaft is provided in the adjustment opening, the support shaft is fixed to the top of the frame, and the adjustment plate is locked to the frame by a bolt;

[0012] A sliding groove is provided on the adjustment plate, a slider is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and the slider is fixed in the sliding groove by a fixing bolt.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the water injection assembly includes a fixing member, the fixing member is fixed on the slider, a conduit is fixed on the fixing member, and a valve is provided on the conduit.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the model assembly includes a threaded barrel and three groups of model barrels, the frame is fixed to the threaded barrel, the interior of the threaded barrel is provided with a filtration system, the filtration system is composed of a metal gasket, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top, the threaded barrel is connected to a water level pipe, and the bottom of the threaded barrel is connected to a conduit;

[0015] The upper and lower ends of the model barrel are fixed with a second thread head and a first thread head, the lowermost first thread head is threadedly assembled with the thread barrel, and the remaining first thread heads are threadedly assembled with the second thread heads, and a buckle is fixed on the second thread head, and the adjustment plate is located in the buckle;

[0016] A sampling port is provided on one side of the model barrel, a sealing layer is embedded in the sampling port, a ferrule is fixed on one side of the sealing layer, and the adjustment plate is located in the ferrule;

[0017] The threaded barrel consists of a bottom barrel, a plurality of adjusting bolts and a plurality of threaded seats threadably assembled with the adjusting bolts, and the plurality of adjusting bolts are installed below the bottom barrel.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the cleaning assembly includes a threaded tube, a nozzle is fixed above the inner wall of the threaded tube, a brush is fixed outside the threaded tube, and an annular nozzle fixed on the threaded tube is provided above the brush. The annular nozzle and the nozzle part are connected to both ends of the three-way valve, and the three-way valve is connected to the hose.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the telescopic assembly includes a fixed plate, and an adjustment sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate below and fixed to one end of the two ropes. The adjustment sleeve is locked on the adjustment plate by a bolt, and an electric push rod is installed on the fixed plate. A threaded part is fixed on the top of the electric push rod, and the threaded part is threadedly assembled with the threaded pipe.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic component includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod, a telescopic cover is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate, the telescopic cover is fixed on the fixed plate, and two telescopic rods and two first springs are fixed between the fixed plate and the connecting plate.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: a second spring is fixed between the fixing plate and the threaded disk, and a connecting cloth is also fixed between the threaded disk and the fixing plate.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the torsion assembly includes a rotating shaft, which rotates on the connecting plate through a bearing, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixed to the two rope drums, the two cams are fixed on the rotating shaft, the two sides of the bearing and the two cams are respectively connected to the two ends of the two torsion springs, and the torsion springs are sleeved outside the rotating shaft.

[0023] A method for using a multifunctional soil column model device comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. First, dock the model barrel with the threaded barrel so that the first thread head is threadedly assembled with the threaded barrel. Then, inject the soil used for the experiment into the model barrel and the threaded barrel. After the soil is filled, move the adjustment sleeve downward. The adjustment sleeve drives the fixed plate to move downward so that the pressure plate moves downward close to the filled soil. At this time, the position of the adjustment sleeve is locked by the bolt. Then, the electric push rod is controlled to extend and move, so that the electric push rod controls the connecting piece to move downward. The connecting piece drives the torsion assembly to move downward. Since the rope is connected to the fixed plate, the rope drum releases the rope to rotate, the rope drum drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the cam to rotate. The cam squeezes the pulley to move, and the pulley drives the fixed plate to move downward. The fixed plate drives the first spring to deform. When the cam convex surface separates from the pulley, the first spring resets and drives the fixed plate to move upward until the cam and the pulley produce squeezing motion again, so that the cam cooperates with the first spring to drive the fixed plate to vibrate up and down, and the vibration of the fixed plate drives the pressure plate to vibrate through the second spring, so that the pressure plate keeps vibrating, and the electric push rod pushes the pressure plate downward to make it contact with the soil for compaction. After the soil is compacted, the second spring deforms, causing the switch to contact the threaded disk to control the electric push rod to stop running;

[0025] S2. After the bottom layer is compacted, the electric push rod is controlled to retract and reset upward, and the adjusting sleeve is moved upward to increase the distance between the pressure plate and the model barrel. At this time, a new model barrel is threadedly connected with the second threaded head through the first thread head to complete the assembly of the two model barrels, and the soil is injected again. After the injection is completed, the compaction operation is carried out layer by layer, and a sand and gravel layer is laid on the surface of the top soil layer;

[0026] S3. Then, according to the height of the lowest model barrel, adjust the slider to the position of the lowest model barrel, and connect the conduit to the water source to allow liquid to enter the soil from below. As the liquid increases, observe the water level through the water level tube. After reaching the specified height to simulate the groundwater level, stop water injection and close the valve. Then remove the threaded pipe from the threaded part, remove the threaded port from the threaded disk, and then thread the threaded pipe and the threaded disk together. At this time, connect the water source through the hose, and control the three-way valve to close the connection with the annular head group. At this time, liquid enters the sprinkler part for spraying, which simulates rainfall. The moisture content of different soil layers is monitored in real time through the sensor assembled in the model barrel. After the moisture content of each soil layer remains stable, stop simulating rainfall, remove the bolts, and separate the rotating adjustment plate from the ferrule. At this time, remove the sealing layer and take samples through the sampling port.

[0027] S4. At the end of the experiment, the model barrels are dismantled one by one and the soil is poured out. The model barrels are then placed outside the threaded pipe so that the brush is attached to the model barrel. The electric push rod is then controlled to extend so that the threaded pipe continues to vibrate, and the brush vibrates to clean the model barrel. The nozzle is closed by operating the three-way valve. At this time, liquid is sprayed out through the annular nozzle to rinse the inner wall of the model barrel and clean it with the brush.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The multifunctional soil column model device and its use method extend the electric push rod to move the pressure plate downward toward the soil. Since one end of the rope is connected to the fixed plate, the rope drum releases the rope and rotates. The rotating shaft drives the cam to rotate. The squeezing movement between the cam and the pulley and the first spring can drive the fixed plate to vibrate back and forth. The fixed plate drives the threaded disk and the pressure plate to vibrate back and forth through the second spring, so that the pressure plate maintains a vibrating downward movement, contacts the soil, and maintains vibration for compaction, thereby improving the compaction quality of the soil, better simulating the roadbed soil, and improving the accuracy of the experiment. In addition, multiple sets of model barrels can be assembled and used to simulate experimental data at different heights. Moreover, the assembly can reduce the space occupied by the model barrels, thereby achieving the purpose of convenient transportation.

[0030] 2. The multifunctional soil column model device and its use method are as follows: the model barrel is removed, the threaded opening and the threaded disc are removed, and the threaded tube and the threaded disc are threadedly assembled, and then the electric push rod is controlled to extend and move, so that the electric push rod pushes the connecting piece to move downward, so that the rope disc moves downward, and one end of the rope is connected to the fixed plate, so that the rope disc releases the rope and rotates, and the rope disc drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the cam to rotate, and the cam squeezes the pulley to move downward, so that the fixed piece drives the first spring to deform, and when the cam is separated from the pulley, the first spring drives the fixed piece to reset upward, so that the cam cooperates with the first spring to drive the fixed piece to vibrate, and the threaded disc drives the threaded tube to vibrate, at this time, the model barrel is put outside the threaded tube, and a water source is connected through a hose, so that the liquid is sprayed through the annular nozzle to rinse the inner wall of the model barrel, and the vibrating brush is used to improve the cleaning effect of the model barrel;

[0031] 3. The multifunctional soil column model device and its usage method are as follows: the bolts are removed, and then the adjustment plate is lifted to slide on the support shaft, so that the support is separated from the frame, and then the adjustment plate is rotated to move the adjustment plate away from the ferrule. At this time, the sealing layer is removed through the ferrule, and then sampling can be carried out through the sampling port. In addition, each model barrel is equipped with a sampling port, which makes the sampling operation more convenient.

[0032] 4. Compared with the traditional one-dimensional soil column device / variable head lysimeter used only for variable water level and the constant head lysimeter used for fixed water level, this device is suitable for simulating rainfall infiltration under both fixed water and variable water level conditions. It has a wide range of applications, low test cost, and meets different fixed water level test requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0034] FIG1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of using the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional cross-section of a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the model component and the adjustment component in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an adjustment component in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the auxiliary mechanism in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the disassembly of the telescopic component and the cleaning component in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the disassembly of the threaded disk and the pressurizing assembly in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional cross-section of an elastic component in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a torsion assembly in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a model barrel in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the sealing layer and the model barrel in a multifunctional soil column model device and a method of use according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 100, soil column model mechanism; 101, model component; 1011, threaded barrel; 1012, filtration system; 1013, ferrule; 1014, model barrel; 1015, first threaded head; 1016, second threaded head; 1017, buckle; 1018, sampling port; 1019, sealing layer; 102, adjustment component; 1021, adjustment plate; 1022, slide; 1023, slider; 1024, fixing bolt; 1025, adjustment port; 1026, frame; 1027, support shaft; 103, water injection component; 1031, fixing piece; 1032, guide tube; 1033, valve; 104, water level pipe; 200, auxiliary mechanism; 201, telescopic component; 2011, fixing plate; 2012, electric push rod ; 2013, adjusting sleeve; 2014, threaded part; 202, cleaning component; 2021, threaded pipe; 2022, brush; 2023, annular nozzle; 2024, hose; 2025, three-way valve; 2026, nozzle component; 203, elastic component; 2031, connecting piece; 2032, telescopic cover; 2033, first spring; 2034, telescopic rod; 204, pressurizing component; 2041, threaded mouth; 2042, pressure plate; 205, threaded disk; 206, torque component; 2061, rotating shaft; 2062, torsion spring; 2063, bearing; 207, fixing plate; 208, pulley; 209, connecting cloth; 210, second spring; 211, switch; 212, rope; 213, rope drum; 214, cam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] Next, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. For ease of illustration, when describing embodiments of the present invention, cross-sectional views illustrating device structures may be partially enlarged and not to scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely illustrative and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, in actual production, three-dimensional dimensions, including length, width, and depth, should be included.

[0049] Furthermore, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] As shown in Figures 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multifunctional soil column model device, including a soil column model mechanism, the soil column model mechanism includes a model component 101 and a water injection component 103 connected to the bottom of the model component 101, the model component 101 includes a threaded barrel 1011 and three groups of model barrels 1014, a frame 1026 is fixed on the threaded barrel 1011, and a filtering system 1012 is provided inside the threaded barrel 1011. The filtering system 1012 is composed of a metal gasket, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top. The filtering system can perform a good filtering operation, avoiding the traditional use of conventional gravel layers and geotextile filtration. Although there is a certain filtering effect, it will be affected by soil extrusion and block the original The drainage channel has a poor drainage effect, which affects the constant water level control in the barrel. The threaded barrel 1011 is connected to the water level pipe 104, and the water level can be detected through the water level pipe 104, which is convenient for the experimenter to observe the water level in real time. The bottom of the threaded barrel 1011 is connected to the conduit 1032, and the water source can be connected through the conduit 1032, so as to facilitate the water injection experiment operation. The upper and lower ends of the model barrel 1014 are fixed with a second threaded head 1016 and a first threaded head 1015. By threading the first threaded head 1015 and the second threaded head 1016 together, the two model barrels 1014 can be assembled together. The lowermost first threaded head 1015 is threadedly assembled with the threaded barrel 1011, and the remaining first threaded heads 1015 are screwed with the second threaded heads 1016. The second thread head 1016 is assembled with a buckle 1017, and the adjusting plate 1021 is located in the buckle 1017. By turning the adjusting plate 1021 upright, the adjusting plate 1021 is located in the buckle 1017, so that the second thread head 1016 can be limited to maintain the stability of the connection. A sampling port 1018 is provided on one side of the model barrel 1014, and a sealing layer 1019 is embedded in the sampling port 1018. By embedding the sealing layer 1019 in the sampling port 1018, a sealing effect can be achieved to prevent leakage, and by opening the sealing layer 1019, sampling can be performed through the sampling port 1018. A ferrule 1013 is fixed on one side of the sealing layer 1019, and the adjusting plate 1021 is located in the ferrule 101 3, the adjusting plate 1021 is erected and can be stuck in the sleeve 1013, so that the sealing layer 1019 can be limited to prevent the sealing layer 1019 from falling out. The threaded barrel 1011 is composed of a bottom barrel, a plurality of adjusting bolts and a plurality of threaded seats assembled with the adjusting bolts. The plurality of adjusting bolts are installed under the bottom barrel. The adjusting bolts can be adjusted by rotating the threaded seats, so as to maintain the balance of the threaded barrel 1011 and avoid the influence of different angles on the accuracy of the simulated rainfall process. Secondly, a spirit level can be assembled on the threaded barrel 1011 to observe whether the device is in a balanced state. A water level tube 104 is provided under the model component 101. An adjusting component 102 is also fixed on the model component 101. The adjusting component 102 includes a frame 1026.An adjustment plate 1021 is provided in the frame 1026, and an adjustment port 1025 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1026. A support shaft 1027 is provided in the adjustment port 1025. The adjustment plate 1021 has a distance for moving up and down through the adjustment port 1025, so that after the adjustment plate 1021 is out of the frame 1026, it can be turned over by relying on the support shaft 1027. The support shaft 1027 is fixed to the top of the frame 1026. The adjustment plate 1021 is locked to the frame 1026 by bolts. The adjustment plate 1021 can be fixed to the frame 1026 by bolts to maintain the stability of the adjustment plate 1021. A slide groove 1022 is provided on the adjustment plate 1021, and a slider 1023 is slidably connected in the slide groove 1022. The slider 1023 is connected to the slider 1023. The fixing bolt 1024 is fixed in the chute 1022. The chute 1022 can guide the slider 1023 so that the slider 1023 can slide smoothly in the chute 1022, thereby adjusting the height of the catheter 1032. The fixing bolt 1024 can also fix the bolt, fixing the adjustment assembly 102 to the water injection assembly 103. The water injection assembly 103 includes a fixing member 1031, which is fixed to the slider 1023. The fixing member 1031 is fixed to the catheter 1032. The catheter 1032 is provided with a valve 1033. The catheter 1032 can be used for infusion. The catheter 1032 is made of a soft and stretchable material. The valve 1033 can be used to operate the catheter 1032 to open and close.

[0052] The auxiliary mechanism 200 includes a telescopic component 201, which includes a fixed plate 2011. The lower part of the fixed plate 2011 is fixed to one end of the two ropes 212. One end of the fixed plate 2011 is fixedly connected with an adjusting sleeve 2013. The adjusting sleeve 2013 can slide on the adjustment plate to adjust the position of the fixed plate 2011, so that the pressing plate 2042 can be adjusted according to the height of the model barrel 1014. Secondly, the height of the adjusting sleeve 2013 can be fixed by reeds to prevent the fixed plate 2011 from sliding down. The adjusting sleeve 2013 is locked on the adjusting plate 1021 by bolts. An electric push rod 2012 is installed on the fixed plate 2011. A threaded piece 2014 is fixed on the top of the electric push rod 2012. The threaded piece 2014 and the threaded pipe 20 21 thread assembly, the threaded tube 2021 and the threaded member 2014 are assembled to keep them fixed and prevent them from falling off. One side of the telescopic component 201 is sleeved on the adjustment component 102. The top thread of the telescopic component 201 is assembled with a cleaning component 202. The bottom of the telescopic component 201 is fixedly connected with an elastic component 203. The elastic component 203 includes a connecting piece 2031. The connecting piece 2031 is fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod 2012. The electric push rod 2012 can control the connecting piece 2031 to move downward, so that the pressure plate 2042 is pushed downward to perform soil compaction operations. A telescopic cover 2032 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece 2031. The telescopic cover 2032 is flexible so that the connecting piece 2031 can smoothly perform vibration operations. The telescopic cover 2032 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece 2031. It is fixed on the fixing plate 207, and a second spring 210 is fixed between the fixing plate 207 and the threaded disk 205. The reset force of the second spring 210 can smoothly drive the fixing plate 207 to reset quickly, so that the pressure plate 2042 can be vibrated up and down to perform soil compaction operations in cooperation with the cam 214. A connecting cloth 209 is also fixed between the threaded disk 205 and the fixing plate 207. The elasticity of the connecting cloth 209 allows the threaded disk 205 to smoothly drive the pressure plate 2042 to vibrate. Two telescopic rods 2034 and two first springs 2033 are fixed between the fixing plate 207 and the connecting plate 2031. The first spring 2033 can fix the position of the threaded disk 205 and limit the threaded disk 205 to prevent the threaded disk 205 from excessively moving and touching the switch 211. The elastic component 203 is fixedly connected to a torsion component 206, which includes a rotating shaft 2061. The rotating shaft 2061 rotates on the connecting piece 2031 through a bearing 2063. The two ends of the rotating shaft 2061 are respectively fixed to the two rope drums 213, and the two cams 214 are fixed to the rotating shaft 2061. The two sides of the bearing 2063 and the two cams 214 are respectively connected to the two ends of the two torsion springs 2062. When the electric push rod 2012 retracts, the rope 212 is loosened. At this time, the torsion force of the torsion spring 2062 can drive the cam 214 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 2061 rotates and drives the rope drum 213 to reel in the rope 212. The torsion spring 2062 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 2061. Both ends of the torsion component 206 are fixedly connected to the rope drum 213.A rope 212 is wrapped around the rope drum 213. The rope 212 passes through the elastic component 203 and is fixed to the telescopic component 201. Two cams 214 are fixedly connected to the torsion component 206. The lower parts of the two cams 214 cooperate with two pulleys 208. The bottom of the two pulleys 208 is fixed with the same fixed plate 207. The fixed plate 207 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic component 203. A switch 211 is installed at the bottom of the fixed plate 207. After the soil is compacted, the pressure plate 2042 is further advanced, which can squeeze the second spring 210 to move, causing the threaded disk 205 to smoothly press the switch 211 upward, thereby automatically closing the electric push rod 212. A threaded disk 205 is provided below the switch 211, and the pressure component 204 is threadedly assembled on the threaded disk 205.

[0053] In this embodiment, the electric push rod 2012 is extended to make the pressure plate 2042 move downward and approach the soil. Since one end of the rope 212 is connected to the fixed plate 2011, the rope drum 213 releases the rope 212 and rotates. The rotating shaft 2061 drives the cam 214 to rotate. The squeezing movement between the cam 214 and the pulley 208 and the first spring 2033 can drive the fixed plate 207 to vibrate back and forth, so that the fixed plate 207 drives the threaded disk 205 and the pressure plate 2042 to vibrate back and forth through the second spring 210, so that the pressure plate 2042 maintains a vibration-like downward push, so that the pressure plate 2042 contacts the soil and maintains vibration for compaction operation, thereby improving the compaction quality of the soil, thereby better simulating the roadbed soil and improving the experimental accuracy. In addition, by assembling and using multiple sets of model barrels 1014, experimental data at different heights can be simulated. In addition, the assembly can reduce the space occupied by the model barrel 1014, thereby achieving the purpose of convenient transportation.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Based on Example 1, in combination with Figures 6 and 8-9, it is concluded that the telescopic assembly 201 includes a fixed plate 2011, an adjustment sleeve 2013 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate 2011 below the fixed plate 2011 and fixed to one end of the two ropes 212, and the adjustment sleeve 2013 is locked to the adjustment plate 1021 by a bolt. An electric push rod 2012 is installed on the fixed plate 2011, and a threaded member 2014 is fixed to the top of the electric push rod 2012. The threaded member 2014 is threadedly assembled with the threaded pipe 2021;

[0056] The elastic component 203 includes a connecting piece 2031, which is fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod 2012. A telescopic cover 2032 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece 2031, and the telescopic cover 2032 is fixed to the fixed piece 207. Two telescopic rods 2034 and two first springs 2033 are fixed between the fixed piece 207 and the connecting piece 2031.

[0057] The torque assembly 206 includes a rotating shaft 2061, which rotates on the connecting piece 2031 via a bearing 2063. The ends of the rotating shaft 2061 are respectively fixed to two rope drums 213, and ropes 212 are wrapped around the rope drums 213. Two cams 214 are fixed to the rotating shaft 2061. The ends of two torsion springs 2062 are respectively connected between the two sides of the bearing 2063 and the two cams 214. The torsion springs 2062 are sleeved outside the rotating shaft 2061.

[0058] The cleaning component 202 includes a threaded tube 2021, a nozzle is fixed above the inner wall of the threaded tube 2021, and the nozzle can be used to simulate rainfall. A brush 2022 is fixed outside the threaded tube 2021, and the inner wall of the model barrel 1014 can be cleaned by the brush 2022. An annular nozzle 2023 fixed on the threaded tube 2021 is provided above the brush 2022. The annular nozzle 2023 and the nozzle part 2026 are connected to both ends of the three-way valve 2025. The hose 2024, the annular nozzle 2023 and the nozzle part 2026 can be connected through the three-way valve 2025 to realize water delivery operations, and the nozzle part 2026 and the annular nozzle 2023 can be switched off by operating the three-way valve 2025, so that it is convenient to use according to actual conditions. The three-way valve 2025 is connected to the hose 2024.

[0059] In this embodiment, the model barrel 1014 is removed, the threaded opening 2041 and the threaded disc 205 are removed, and the threaded tube 2021 is threadedly assembled with the threaded disc 205. Then, the electric push rod 2012 is controlled to extend and move, so that the electric push rod 2012 pushes the connecting piece 2031 to move downward, so that the rope drum 213 moves downward. One end of the rope 212 is connected to the fixed plate 2011, so that the rope drum 213 releases the rope 212 and rotates. The rope drum 213 drives the rotating shaft 2061 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 2061 drives the cam 214 to rotate. The cam 214 squeezes the pulley 208 to move downward. The fixing plate 207 drives the first spring 2033 to deform. When the cam 214 separates from the pulley 208, the first spring 2033 drives the fixing plate 207 to reset upward, so that the cam 214 cooperates with the first spring 2033 to drive the fixing plate 207 to vibrate, and the threaded disk 205 drives the threaded tube 2021 to vibrate. At this time, the model barrel 1014 is put on the outside of the threaded tube 2021, and connected to the water source through the hose 2024, so that the liquid is sprayed out through the annular nozzle 2023 group to rinse the inner wall of the model barrel 1014, and cooperates with the vibrating brush 2022 to improve the cleaning effect of the model barrel 1014.

[0060] A method for using a multifunctional soil column model device comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. First, dock the model barrel 1014 with the threaded barrel 1011, so that the first threaded head 1015 is threadedly assembled with the threaded barrel 1011, and then inject the soil used for the experiment into the model barrel 1014 and the threaded barrel 1011. After the soil is filled, move the adjusting sleeve 2013 downward, and the adjusting sleeve 2013 drives the fixed plate 2011 to move downward, so that the pressure plate 2042 moves downward close to the filled soil. At this time, the position of the adjusting sleeve 2013 is locked by the bolt, and then the electric push rod 2012 is controlled to extend and move, so that the electric push rod 2012 controls the connecting piece 2031 to move downward, and the connecting piece 2031 drives the torsion assembly 206 to move downward. Since the rope 212 is connected to the fixed plate 2011, the rope drum 213 releases the rope 212 to rotate, and the rope drum 213 drives the rotating shaft 2061 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 2061 drives the cam 214 to rotate. The cam 214 squeezes the pulley 208 and the pulley 208 drives the fixed plate 207 to move downward. The fixed plate 207 drives the first spring 2033 to deform. When the cam 214 convex surface separates from the pulley 208, the first spring 2033 resets and drives the fixed plate 207 to move upward until the cam 214 and the pulley 208 produce a squeezing movement again, so that the cam 214 cooperates with the first spring 2033 to drive the fixed plate 207 to vibrate up and down, causing the fixed plate 207 to vibrate through the second spring 210, so that the pressure plate 2042 keeps vibrating, and the electric push rod 2012 pushes the pressure plate 2042 downward to contact the soil for compaction. After the soil is compacted, the second spring 210 is deformed, causing the switch 211 to contact the threaded disk 205 to control the electric push rod 2012 to stop running.

[0062] S2. After the bottom layer is compacted, the electric push rod 2012 is controlled to retract and reset upward, and the adjustment sleeve 2013 is moved upward to increase the distance between the pressure plate 2042 and the model barrel 1014. At this time, a new model barrel 1014 is threadedly connected to the second threaded head 1016 through the first thread head 1015 to complete the assembly of the two model barrels 1014. The soil is injected again. After the injection is completed, the compaction operation is carried out layer by layer, and a sand and gravel layer is laid on the surface of the top soil layer.

[0063] S3. Then, according to the height of the lowest model barrel 1014, adjust the slider 1023 to the position of the lowest model barrel 1014, and connect the conduit 1032 to the water source to allow liquid to enter the soil from below. As the liquid increases, observe the water level through the water level pipe 104. After reaching the specified height to simulate the groundwater level, stop water injection and close the valve 1033. Then, remove the threaded pipe 2021 from the threaded member 2014, remove the threaded port 2041 from the threaded disk 205, and then screw the threaded pipe 2021 to the threaded disk 205. The water source is connected through the hose 2024, and the three-way valve 2025 is controlled to close the connection with the annular head assembly 2023. At this time, the liquid enters the nozzle assembly 2026 for spraying, which simulates rainfall. The moisture content of different soil layers is monitored in real time through the sensor assembled in the model barrel 1014. After the moisture content of each soil layer remains stable, the simulated rainfall is stopped, the bolts are removed, and the rotary adjustment plate 1021 is separated from the ferrule 1013. At this time, the sealing layer 1019 is removed and samples are taken through the sampling port 1018.

[0064] S4. Finally, at the end of the experiment, the model barrels 1014 are dismantled one by one, and the soil is poured out. The model barrels 1014 are then placed outside the threaded tube 2021, so that the brush 2022 is attached to the model barrel 1014, and the electric push rod 2012 is controlled to extend so that the threaded tube 2021 keeps vibrating, so that the brush 2022 vibrates to clean the model barrel 1014, and the nozzle part 2026 is closed by operating the three-way valve 2025. At this time, the liquid is sprayed out through the annular nozzle 2023 to rinse the inner wall of the model barrel 1014 and clean it with the brush 2022.

[0065] In the above-mentioned groundwater level simulation experiment, whether valve 1033 is closed after water injection is completed needs to be operated according to actual conditions: if a constant groundwater test is not considered, valve 1033 can be closed. As with the traditional soil column test, the groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 gradually increases with the rainfall simulation; but if a constant water level is considered (keeping the groundwater level unchanged), its original conduit 1032 becomes a drainage device. The highest groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 is related to the height of the regulating conduit 1032. If the water level in the model barrel 1014 is higher than the conduit 1032, the water will be discharged, thereby ensuring that the groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 is constant.

[0066] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without departing substantially from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete elements may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "means plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structures. Other replacements, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0067] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0068] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual embodiment, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will, for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and production without undue experimentation.

[0069] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional soil column model device, characterized in that: include, A soil column model mechanism comprises a model component (101) and a water injection component (103) connected to the bottom of the model component (101); a water level pipe (104) is provided below the model component (101); an adjustment component (102) is fixed to the model component (101); and the adjustment component (102) is fixed to the water injection component (103); and The auxiliary mechanism (200) comprises a telescopic component (201), one side of the telescopic component (201) is sleeved on the adjustment component (102), the top thread of the telescopic component (201) is equipped with a cleaning component (202), an elastic component (203) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic component (201), a torsion component (206) is fixedly connected to the elastic component (203), both ends of the torsion component (206) are fixedly connected to a rope drum (213), a rope (212) is wound around the rope drum (213), and the rope (212) is drawn from the elastic component ( 203) passes through and is fixed to the telescopic component (201), two cams (214) are fixedly connected to the torsion component (206), the lower parts of the two cams (214) cooperate with two pulleys (208), the bottoms of the two pulleys (208) are fixed with a same fixing plate (207), the fixing plate (207) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic component (203), a switch (211) is installed at the bottom of the fixing plate (207), a threaded disk (205) is provided below the switch (211), and a pressure component (204) is threadedly assembled on the threaded disk (205).

2. A multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (102) comprises a frame (1026), an adjustment plate (1021) is provided in the frame (1026), an adjustment opening (1025) is provided below the frame (1026), a support shaft (1027) is provided in the adjustment opening (1025), the support shaft (1027) is fixed above the frame (1026), and the adjustment plate (1021) is locked to the frame (1026) by means of bolts; The adjustment plate (1021) is provided with a sliding groove (1022), a slider (1023) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (1022), and the slider (1023) is fixed in the sliding groove (1022) via a fixing bolt (1024).

3. A multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection assembly (103) comprises a fixing member (1031), wherein the fixing member (1031) is fixed on the slider (1023), a conduit (1032) is fixed on the fixing member (1031), and a valve (1033) is provided on the conduit (1032).

4. A multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The model assembly (101) includes a threaded barrel (1011) and three groups of model barrels (1014). A frame (1026) is fixed to the threaded barrel (1011). A filtering system (1012) is provided inside the threaded barrel (1011). The filtering system (1012) is composed of a metal washer, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top. The threaded barrel (1011) is connected to a water level pipe (104), and the bottom of the threaded barrel (1011) is connected to a conduit (1032). The upper and lower ends of the model barrel (1014) are both fixed with a second thread head (1016) and a first thread head (1015), the lowermost first thread head (1015) is threadedly assembled with the thread barrel (1011), and the remaining first thread heads (1015) are threadedly assembled with the second thread heads (1016), a buckle (1017) is fixed on the second thread head (1016), and the adjustment plate (1021) is located in the buckle (1017); A sampling port (1018) is provided on one side of the model barrel (1014), a sealing layer (1019) is embedded in the sampling port (1018), a ferrule (1013) is fixed on one side of the sealing layer (1019), and the adjustment plate (1021) is located in the ferrule (1013); The threaded barrel (1011) is composed of a bottom barrel, a plurality of adjusting bolts and a plurality of threaded seats threadably assembled with the adjusting bolts, wherein the plurality of adjusting bolts are installed below the bottom barrel.

5. A multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (202) comprises a threaded tube (2021), a nozzle is fixed above the inner wall of the threaded tube (2021), a brush (2022) is fixed outside the threaded tube (2021), an annular nozzle (2023) fixed on the threaded tube (2021) is provided above the brush (2022), the annular nozzle (2023) and the nozzle component (2026) are connected to both ends of a three-way valve (2025), and the three-way valve (2025) is connected to a hose (2024).

6. The multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (201) comprises a fixed plate (2011), an adjustment sleeve (2013) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate (2011) below the fixed plate (2011) and fixed to one end of two ropes (212), the adjustment sleeve (2013) is locked on the adjustment plate (1021) by means of bolts, an electric push rod (2012) is mounted on the fixed plate (2011), a threaded member (2014) is fixed to the top of the electric push rod (2012), and the threaded member (2014) is threadedly assembled with the threaded pipe (2021).

7. The multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic component (203) includes a connecting piece (2031), the connecting piece (2031) is fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod (2012), a telescopic cover (2032) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece (2031), the telescopic cover (2032) is fixed to the fixed piece (207), and two telescopic rods (2034) and two first springs (2033) are fixed between the fixed piece (207) and the connecting piece (2031).

8. The multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spring (210) is fixed between the fixing plate (207) and the threaded disc (205), and a connecting cloth (209) is also fixed between the threaded disc (205) and the fixing plate (207).

9. The multifunctional soil column model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion assembly (206) includes a rotating shaft (2061), which rotates on the connecting piece (2031) through a bearing (2063). The two ends of the rotating shaft (2061) are respectively fixed to the two rope drums (213). The two cams (214) are fixed to the rotating shaft (2061). The two sides of the bearing (2063) and the space between the two cams (214) are respectively connected to the two ends of the two torsion springs (2062). The torsion springs (2062) are sleeved outside the rotating shaft (2061).

10. A method for using the multifunctional soil column model device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, the model barrel (1014) is docked with the threaded barrel (1011), and the first threaded head (1015) is threadedly assembled with the threaded barrel (1011). Then, the soil used for the experiment is injected into the model barrel (1014) and the threaded barrel (1011). After the soil is filled, the adjusting sleeve (2013) is moved downward. The adjusting sleeve (2013) drives the fixing plate (2011) to move downward, so that the pressing plate (2042) moves downward close to the filled soil. At this time, the adjusting sleeve (2013) is tightened by bolts. 2013) is locked in position, and then the electric push rod (2012) is controlled to extend, so that the electric push rod (2012) controls the connecting piece (2031) to move downward, and the connecting piece (2031) drives the torsion assembly (206) to move downward. Since the rope (212) is connected to the fixing plate (2011), the rope drum (213) releases the rope (212) to rotate, and the rope drum (213) drives the rotating shaft (2061) to rotate, and the rotating shaft (2061) drives the cam (214) to rotate. The cam (214) squeezes the pulley (208) to move, and the pulley (208) drives the fixed plate (207) to move downward. The fixed plate (207) drives the first spring (2033) to deform. When the cam (214) convex surface separates from the pulley (208), the first spring (2033) resets and drives the fixed plate (207) to move upward until the cam (214) and the pulley (208) produce a squeezing movement again, so that the cam (214) cooperates with the first spring (2033) to drive the fixed plate (207) to move upward. 07) vibrates up and down, causing the fixed plate (207) to vibrate and drive the pressing plate (2042) to vibrate through the second spring (210), so that the pressing plate (2042) keeps vibrating, and the electric push rod (212) pushes the pressing plate (2042) downward, so that the pressing plate (2042) contacts the soil downward for compaction operation. After the soil is compacted, the second spring (210) is deformed, causing the switch (211) to contact the threaded disk (205) to control the electric push rod (2012) to stop running; S2. After the bottom layer is compacted, the electric push rod (2012) is controlled to retract upward and reset, and the adjustment sleeve (2013) is moved upward to increase the distance between the pressing plate (2042) and the model barrel (1014). At this time, a new model barrel (1014) is threadedly connected to the second threaded head (1016) through the first threaded head (1015), completing the assembly of the two model barrels (1014). The soil is injected again, and the compaction operation is carried out after the injection is completed. The compaction operation is carried out layer by layer, and a sand and gravel layer is laid on the surface of the top soil layer. S3, then adjust the slider (1023) to the bottom of the model barrel (1014) according to the height of the bottom model barrel. The barrel (1014) is positioned and the conduit (1032) is connected to the water source so that the liquid enters the soil from below. As the liquid increases, the water level is observed through the water level pipe (104). After reaching the specified height to simulate the groundwater level, the water injection is stopped and the valve (1033) is closed. Then the threaded pipe (2021) is removed from the threaded part (2014), and the threaded port (2041) is removed from the threaded disc (205). Then the threaded pipe (2021) is threadedly assembled with the threaded disc (205). At this time, the hose (224) is used to connect the threaded pipe (2021) to the threaded disc (205). Connect the water source and control the three-way valve (2025) to close the connection with the annular head assembly (2023). At this time, liquid enters the nozzle member (2026) for spraying, which simulates rainfall. The moisture content of different soil layers is monitored in real time through the sensor installed in the model barrel (1014). After the moisture content of each soil layer remains stable, the simulated rainfall is stopped, the bolts are removed, and the rotary adjustment plate (1021) is separated from the ferrule (1013). At this time, the sealing layer (1019) is removed and sampling is performed through the sampling port (1018); S4. Finally, after the experiment is completed, the model barrels (1014) are dismantled one by one, and the soil is poured out. The model barrel (1014) is then placed outside the threaded tube (2021), and the brush (2022) is attached to the model barrel (1014). The electric push rod (2012) is then controlled to extend, so that the threaded tube (2021) remains vibrating, and the brush (2022) vibrates to clean the model barrel (1014). The nozzle (2026) is closed by operating the three-way valve (2025). At this time, liquid is sprayed out through the annular nozzle (2023) to rinse the inner wall of the model barrel (1014) and clean it with the brush (2022).

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