766 results about "Air layer" patented technology

The invention discloses an air layer breathable fabric with upper and lower mesh jacquard, a weaving process and a vamp, and relates to the technical field of fabrics. The upper and lower mesh jacquard air layer breathable fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, the surface layer and the bottom layer are woven and connected through monofilaments or multifilaments to form an air layer, the middle layer comprises a plurality of cavities, and the surface layer and the bottom layer are both provided with a plurality of semi-through holes. The tuck semi-through holes and the full-through holes are formed in the surface layer and / or the bottom end, and the air layer is arranged between the surface layer and the bottom layer to improve the ventilation effect; the doubling stitch semi-through holes are formed in the surface layer and the bottom layer in an inclined needle mode, and the heat retention property of the air layer breathable fabric in the whole application process is improved; according to the air layer breathable fabric, the overall structure is matched, so that the fabric has breathability and heat retention property, the layer bodies are connected in a staggered mode, and the integrity of the fabric is better.

The invention discloses a wall surface assembly type light energy-saving heat preservation board which comprises a board body, the edges of the board body are spliced and arranged in an assembly groove of an indoor base layer together, a heat preservation air layer is formed between the indoor base layer and the board body, and a first support, a second support and a secondary anchoring assembly are arranged in the assembly groove. The first support comprises a reinforcing rod penetrating through the plate body, the secondary anchoring assembly comprises a floating block, a plurality of pull ropes, a pre-tightening seat and a clamping piece, the pull ropes are led out of the floating block, the outer ends of the pull ropes are wound on the pre-tightening seat, the pre-tightening seat is elastically and rotationally connected to the second support, and the clamping piece is located on the floating block and inserted and located on the plate body; and the insulation board is arranged in the board main body. The problems that an existing plate for indoor base layer assembly is poor in heat preservation performance, gaps exist at the splicing positions of the plate, heat is prone to leaking, the indoor heat preservation effect is affected, the number of consumables and the variety of consumables are large, assembly is complex, and energy-saving and heat-preservation assembly cannot be achieved can be solved.

The present application relates to a kind of weft-knitted free cutting knitted fabric and its manufacturing method, the fabric includes air layer jacquard structure, the air layer jacquard structure includes three layers of bottom layer, intermediate layer and surface layer, the bottom layer is below the intermediate layer, the surface layer is above the intermediate layer, the bottom layer is interwoven using nylon yarn and ordinary spandex, the intermediate layer is connected using ordinary spandex, and extend to the surface layer, the surface layer is interwoven using nylon yarn and ordinary spandex.The present application can realize the effect that both economic and not easy to scatter, burr, edge curl of loop structure.

A postprocessing device includes a processing tray, a sheet processor, an air blower, an inlet roller pair, and a drive controller. The air blower forms an air layer between an upper face of a first recording sheet already placed on a loading surface of the processing tray, and a lower face of a second recording sheet to be newly placed on the processing tray, by sending air along a transport direction of the recording sheet, from an upstream side in the transport direction toward the loading surface. The drive controller performs an air sending operation, by causing the air blower to send air along the transport direction, before a second recording sheet contacts the upper face of the first recording sheet, and stop sending air before a trailing edge of the second recording sheet in the transport direction passes a nip region defined by the inlet roller pair.

The utility model provides a warm-keeping weft knitting fabric with a three-dimensional effect, which is a fabric which is knitted on a circular knitting machine and has a rib air layer tissue structure. The fabric is formed by alternately weaving a fabric structure air layer composed of tight and stiff single-face weft plain stitch coil transverse rows and loose and soft single-face weft plain stitch coil transverse rows and loose and soft double-face rib stitch transverse rows, and the fabric structure air layer obviously protrudes out of the surface of the fabric; the tight and stiff single-side weft plain stitch transverse columns are woven by paper composite yarns, the loose and soft single-side weft plain stitch transverse columns are woven by fine modified polyester Monenz yarn blended yarns, and the loose and soft single-side weft plain stitch transverse columns are woven by the fine modified polyester Monenz yarn blended yarns, so that a transverse stripe effect is formed between the loose and soft single-side weft plain stitch transverse columns and the flat loose and soft double-side rib stitch transverse columns. The loose and soft double-faced rib coil row is formed by weaving fine-count modified polyester Monenz yarn blended yarn, the paper composite yarn is composed of paper yarn, first modified polyester supercool multifilament and second modified polyester supercool multifilament, and the outer surface of the paper yarn is sequentially wrapped with the first modified polyester supercool multifilament and the second modified polyester supercool multifilament from inside to outside.

The invention discloses a comfortable medical nursing pad with a multi-layer structure and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the field of hygienic products, the nursing pad comprises a top layer, a bottom layer and a top layer, the top layer is a skin-friendly layer and is made of a non-woven fabric material; the composite core layer is an attached water absorption diffusion layer and comprises a supporting structure of a three-dimensional porous material, a cellulose gel structure embedded in the three-dimensional porous material and a fluff pulp fiber structure mixed in the three-dimensional porous material; the bottom layer is an anti-seepage breathable layer and is made of a polyethylene film material. A three-dimensional porous material is used as a supporting structure of the composite core layer, a cellulose gel structure is embedded, a large amount of liquid can be rapidly absorbed and kept, a gelatinous substance is formed, the liquid is effectively locked and prevented from back seepage, meanwhile, a fluff pulp fiber structure is mixed, dynamic balance of liquid absorption, diffusion and storage can be achieved, and the effect of improving the quality of the product is achieved. Therefore, the overall absorption efficiency and comfort are improved.

A system and method for enhancing marine vessel efficiency through integrated hull optimizations is disclosed. The system includes automated bow thruster covers that reduce hull drag and condition water flow, coupled with strategically positioned air lubrication nozzles that create and maintain an air layer under the vessel. The bow thruster covers may be configured as circular doors or parallel panels, optionally incorporating air discharge ports or working in conjunction with dedicated air jets. An intelligent control system optimizes the integrated components using real-time sensor data and computational fluid dynamic analysis. The system modulates air distribution and cover positions based on sea conditions and vessel speed, maintaining optimal efficiency during operation. External surfaces may incorporate superaerophilic structures to enhance air retention and reduce drag. The comprehensive integration of these components provides improved hydrodynamic efficiency while maintaining full bow thruster functionality when required.

A polarization conversion transmission type reconfigurable metamaterial structure with amplitude-phase independent regulation and control is formed by copying and translating n * n basic units, and each basic unit comprises three dielectric layers, five metal layers and two air layers; the dielectric layers comprise a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer from top to bottom; a first air layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, and a second air layer is arranged between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer; the amplitude regulation and control layer is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer, and the amplitude regulation and control bias circuit layer is located on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer; the polarization conversion phase regulation and control layer is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer, and the polarization conversion phase regulation and control bias circuit layer is located on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer; the polarization gate layer is located on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer. According to the invention, efficient electromagnetic regulation and control in a transmission mode are realized, independent regulation and control in two dimensions of amplitude and phase are realized, and unification of high transmissivity and accurate regulation and control in a microwave frequency band is realized.

The invention relates to an ultrahigh-temperature-resistant radio-frequency coaxial cable and a manufacturing method thereof. The cable comprises an inner conductor, an insulating foaming layer, a first outer conductor, a glass fiber belt, a silicon dioxide aerogel coating, a second outer conductor, a flame-retardant fireproof layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the first outer conductor is provided with a first embossing structure comprising wave crests and wave troughs; the second outer conductor is provided with a second embossing structure comprising wave crests and wave troughs; the positions of wave crests and wave troughs of the first embossed structure are consistent with the positions of corresponding wave crests and wave troughs of the second embossed structure, and air layers are formed between the first embossed structure and the glass fiber belt and between the second embossed structure and the silicon dioxide aerogel coating. According to the invention, the safety and reliability of the cable in extreme environments such as fire disasters and the like are remarkably improved, and communication interruption of the radio frequency coaxial cable in high-temperature environments of fire disasters is avoided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid control and atomization, and particularly relates to a main control system, a liquid supply system, a generation system and an auxiliary system. The generating system comprises a water storage tank, a porous steel sheet arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank, conical micropores formed in the porous steel sheet, a piezoelectric transducer fixed to the bottom of the porous steel sheet, a soaking copper plate arranged at the top of the water storage tank and an electric heating layer installed on the soaking copper plate. Due to the fact that an existing annular transducer cannot meet the requirement for generation of a single water drop or multiple water drops and cannot meet the requirement for accurate and controllable sizes of the water drops, a rectangular transducer pair is adopted as an excitation device, surface wave superposition can be generated through vibration of the transducer, meanwhile, the liquid level of a water storage tank is controllable, and the energy storage efficiency is improved. High-temperature pulses are applied to the air layer on the upper surface of the water layer, so that the pressure in the water tank is controllable during spraying, and inconsistent diameters of water drops caused by uncontrollable pressure are avoided.

Designs of image sensing devices by including a substrate layer including a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of grid structures disposed over the substrate layer, a plurality of color filter layers each of which is disposed between adjacent grid structures, a plurality of over-coating layers formed over the color filter layers, and a plurality of microlenses formed over the over-coating layers. Each of the grid structures includes an air layer, and a capping film formed to cap the air layer, and an upper portion of the air layer is formed to protrude upward from the over-coating layer.

This invention discloses a broadband composite sound insulation structure, including a first sound insulation mechanism and a second sound insulation mechanism. The first and second sound insulation mechanisms are disposed opposite to each other, with a closed air layer formed between them. Through the arrangement of the first, second, and air layers, the broadband composite sound insulation structure of this invention can effectively reduce and suppress broadband noise, including high-frequency, mid-frequency, and low-frequency noise. By incorporating the first and second sound insulation panels, noise reduction can be achieved while minimizing external environmental pollution to both the first and second sound insulation layers.

The invention relates to the field of carbon fibers, and discloses a polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber precursor, a preparation method thereof and a carbon fiber. The method comprises the following steps: spinning stock solution is subjected to spinning to form stock solution trickles, the stock solution trickles are in contact with a coagulating agent in an air layer and then enter a coagulating bath to be coagulated; the coagulator is a small molecular alcohol compound. According to the method, the advantages of wet spinning and dry-wet spinning are combined, the high spinning speed can be kept, the groove structure can be formed in the surface of the protofilament, and then the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of noise control, and relates to a customizable broadband ventilation and sound insulation superstructure based on dual-mode fano resonance. The ventilation and sound insulation superstructure is formed by alternately arranging three layers of structures; the first layer and the third layer are structural layers and are formed by arranging rectangular pipelines with different section areas in an S shape; the second middle layer is an air layer to ensure air circulation; the structural layer comprises two hollow cavities, and the two cavities are connected through a throat pipe; the throat pipes are also arranged on the inlet sides and the outlet sides of the two cavities; sound energy is propagated along the thickness direction of the structure, one part reaches the transmission end through the structure layer, and the other part reaches the transmission end through the air layer; the two parts of sound energy are opposite in sound pressure phase and similar in amplitude at two resonant frequency points, and dual-mode fano resonance is formed. By adjusting the structural parameters of the structural layer, the working frequency band and the working bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted, and therefore the effect of customizable broadband sound insulation is achieved.

The utility model discloses a mounting component for natural compensation sections of a directly-buried steam pipeline, which relates to the technical field of heat supply of the directly-buried steam pipeline and comprises a prefabricated directly-buried steam heat preservation elbow and two natural compensation sections arranged at two ends of the prefabricated directly-buried steam heat preservation elbow, and fixing components are arranged on the two natural compensation sections. The two natural compensation sections are the same in structure and sequentially comprise a steam working pipeline, a pipeline heat preservation layer, a pipeline air layer and a pipeline outer protective sleeve which are coaxially arranged from inside to outside. The prefabricated directly-buried steam heat preservation elbow comprises a steam working hot-pressing elbow, an elbow heat preservation layer, an elbow air layer and an elbow outer protective sleeve from inside to outside. Therefore, according to the utility model, the offset of the natural compensation section can be carried out through a cold tightening means, and a part of the pipeline with overlarge displacement is cut off, so that the relative offset of the pipeline is reduced, the operation safety is improved, the engineering investment is saved, and the construction difficulty is reduced.

The utility model discloses an air layer breathable fabric with upper and lower mesh jacquard and a vamp, and relates to the technical field of fabrics. The upper and lower mesh jacquard air layer breathable fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, the surface layer and the bottom layer are woven and connected through monofilaments or multifilaments to form an air layer, the middle layer comprises a plurality of cavities, and the surface layer and the bottom layer are both provided with a plurality of semi-through holes. The tuck semi-through holes and the full-through holes are formed in the surface layer and / or the bottom end, and the air layer is arranged between the surface layer and the bottom layer to improve the ventilation effect; the doubling stitch semi-through holes are formed in the surface layer and the bottom layer in an inclined needle mode, and the heat retention property of the air layer breathable fabric in the whole application process is improved; according to the air layer breathable fabric, the overall structure is matched, so that the fabric has breathability and heat retention property, the layer bodies are connected in a staggered mode, and the integrity of the fabric is better.

The invention relates to the technical field of two-phase flow testing, in particular to a gas-liquid hole cavity testing device and a gas-liquid hole cavity testing method. The testing device for the gas-liquid pore cavity comprises a pore cavity model, a circulating water tunnel, a gas supply and exhaust assembly and a monitoring assembly, the circulating water tunnel is internally provided with a test section with adjustable flow velocity and pressure, and the hole cavity model is arranged above the test section and is communicated with the test section; the air supply and exhaust assembly is communicated with the hole cavity model and can convey air to the hole cavity model or exhaust air from the hole cavity model so as to adjust the height of an air layer in the hole cavity model; and the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring vibration, noise and video data of the hole cavity model and / or the circulating water tunnel. According to the application, the circulating water tunnel with the flow velocity and pressure adjusting capability and the air supply and exhaust assembly are arranged, and the air layer height, pressure and flow velocity of the hole cavity model are controlled by adopting a specific parameter adjusting method, so that the influence of coupling change of multiple operating parameters of the gas-liquid hole cavity test on an experimental result is reduced.

The invention relates to a knitted fabric for fire protection and outdoor protection and a knitting process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textiles. The knitted fabric sequentially comprises an inner layer, a first connecting layer, a second connecting layer and an outer layer from inside to outside. The inner layer and the outer layer are respectively and independently in weft plain stitch or single-face jacquard weave, the connecting layers are all in double rib stitch, the other connecting layer is connected with the inner layer or the outer layer through coils of the connecting layers, and the inner layer and the outer layer are connected through tuck stitch. The knitted fabric is excellent in structural elasticity; the connecting layer adopts interlaced double rib stitches, so that the thickness of the fabric is increased, a static air layer is provided while the light weight of the fabric is ensured, and the warm keeping effect and the heat insulation effect of the fabric are improved; a shape memory material is fed into the connecting layer, so that the interval between the inner layer and the outer layer can be enlarged, and the content of still air is further increased.

The aerosol generating product comprises a wrapping layer and an aerosol generating section, a supporting section and a filtering section which are located in the wrapping layer and sequentially arranged in the axial direction, the supporting section is in a hollow pipe shape, the filtering section comprises a filter element and an air layer located between the filter element and the wrapping layer, and the air layer comprises a plurality of groove channels extending in the axial direction; the supporting section is provided with a first end face connected with the filtering section, the air layer is provided with a second end face connected with the supporting section, the radial thickness of the first end face is larger than that of the second end face in the radial direction of the aerosol generating product, and the projection of the second end face on the first end face is located in the outline range of the first end face. The temperature of the aerosol can be reduced, the problem that the side wall of the aerosol generating product scalds the mouth is solved, and the smoking experience of a user is improved.

A cylinder head, a transfer and bonding system and a method of driving the same to produce a display device that includes light emitting elements provides uniform pressure to light emitting elements during a transfer and bonding process. The cylinder head may include a first bracket accommodating the first transmissive portion; a second transmissive portion spaced apart from the first transmissive portion in a direction by an air layer; a second bracket accommodating the second transmissive portion; and an elastic member surrounding side surfaces of the first bracket and the second bracket, wherein one of the first bracket and the second bracket includes an air path that extends to the air layer.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical engineering, and discloses a near-infrared polarization insensitive MEMS tunable metasurface band-pass filter which comprises a silicon substrate and a gold structure covering the silicon substrate. The gold structure comprises an upper-layer gold structure and a lower-layer gold structure which are connected through the MEMS, the upper-layer gold structure and the lower-layer gold structure are both square, and the centers of the upper-layer gold structure and the lower-layer gold structure are subjected to square hollow treatment to form a metasurface An FP resonant cavity is formed between the upper and lower gold structures; surface plasmons are generated on the contact surface of the gold structure and the hollow air layer; under the combined action of the FP resonant cavity and the surface plasmon, the metasurface structure realizes transmission of electromagnetic waves at a specific wavelength, and a band-pass filtering effect is achieved. The tunable metasurface band-pass filter provided by the invention is a transmission type metal metasurface filter, a surface plasmon effect is generated on the contact surface of a gold structure and a square hollow-out air layer, two physical mechanisms are coupled to filter a specific wavelength, and the working wavelength can be tuned through an external MEMS structure.

The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic material underwater stability evaluation, and particularly relates to a super-hydrophobic material liquid-gas interface stability testing device and a super-hydrophobic material liquid-gas interface stability testing method. Laser is irradiated to the surface of a super-hydrophobic material by utilizing the underwater silver mirror phenomenon of the super-hydrophobic material; the stability condition of an underwater gas film of the super-hydrophobic material is explored by measuring the illumination of reflected light, the stability of the super-hydrophobic material under the hydrostatic pressure is quantitatively represented, the relation between microstructure parameters of the super-hydrophobic material and hydrostatic pressure resistance is explored, and accurate evaluation of the liquid-gas interface stability of the super-hydrophobic material under the hydrostatic pressure is achieved. A theoretical basis is provided for designing an underwater high-stability super-hydrophobic material; the device is simple in structure, the method is convenient to operate, the design is rigorous and reliable, the application range is wide, the stability of the gas layer on the surface of the super-hydrophobic material can be quantitatively represented only by measuring the reflected illuminance of a liquid-gas interface, and the error of a test result is small.

The invention discloses a large seaplane integrated with a distributed electric propulsion technology and a propulsion method, and relates to the technical field of seaplane. Comprising a fuselage, a left wing and a right wing are arranged on the two sides of the fuselage respectively, and a V-shaped hull is arranged at the lower end of the fuselage; and a T-shaped empennage is arranged at the tail part of the fuselage. Through the synergistic effect of the design of the V-shaped ship body and the distributed propulsion system, the whole ship body makes contact with the water surface to provide sufficient buoyancy at the low speed, only the main sliding face makes contact with the ship body to form an air layer at the high speed, and the air film drag reduction effect of a propeller at the bottom of the ship body is matched, so that the water resistance is reduced by 35%-50%, and the draft is reduced by 40%-60% along with speed increase; the problems that a traditional seaplane is large in water resistance and difficult to leave water are effectively solved, meanwhile, the left buoy and the right buoy are in linkage with the attitude control system, wave disturbance can be counteracted in real time, the transverse inclination angle is controlled within 1 degree, the wave resistance is improved to be capable of coping with waves with the height of 1.5 m, and the defects that a traditional seaplane is poor in wave resistance and has strict requirements for taking-off and landing water areas are overcome.

The utility model discloses a welding device for preparing a long copper-steel composite pipe rod by utilizing a vacuum environment, which relates to the technical field of metal composite rod processing and comprises a base pipe, a composite pipe and a pvc (polyvinyl chloride) pipe which are arranged at intervals from inside to outside and are coaxially arranged. Bases used for sealing the base pipe and the composite pipe so as to vacuumize a gap between the base pipe and the composite pipe are arranged at the tops and the bottoms of the base pipe and the composite pipe, and the bases are connected with the composite pipe in a welded mode; the utility model has the beneficial effects that the base is arranged, so that the base pipe and the composite pipe can be quickly fixed and positioned, and after the composite pipe is welded with the base, a sealed environment is formed between the composite pipe and the base pipe, so that vacuumizing is facilitated; air in the gaps is effectively emptied, the problem of local defects of the composite bar caused by the fact that an air layer is not emptied in the production process is avoided, and the high-quality and longer copper-steel composite bar can be prepared through the explosive welding device.

The invention discloses a one-dimensional heat flux density measuring device based on the Fourier law, and relates to the technical field of object heat flux density measurement. Comprising a heating unit, a sealing heat insulation unit, a cooling unit, a temperature acquisition unit and a data processing unit. The sealing heat insulation unit comprises a heat insulation material, an aluminum oxide ceramic tube, a sealing air layer, an outer layer supporting plate and a rubber or silica gel sealing ring. The heating unit comprises a high-temperature copper plate heating platform; the cooling unit comprises a water cooling head, a cooling water jacket and a cooling water tank, and is nested at the top of the sealed heat insulation unit; according to the temperature acquisition unit, a thermocouple is attached to the surface of a measured object and is connected with an external thermodetector; the data processing unit comprises an acquisition terminal and a computer, the acquisition terminal is connected with a USB interface of the computer and a USB interface of the thermodetector, and data acquired by the thermodetector is transmitted to the computer. The invention provides the heat flux density measuring device which is simple and convenient to assemble, low in construction cost and simple and convenient to calculate, and the measuring efficiency is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of metasurface array antennas, and discloses a novel dual-function array antenna based on a polarized independent metasurface and a design method, and the novel dual-function array antenna adopts a composite metal patch with a three-layer dielectric plate structure as an upper-layer metasurface array unit; a linearly polarized microstrip antenna is adopted as a feed source and is arranged on the lower layer; the upper-layer metasurface array unit is formed by periodically arranging composite patch units with different sizes along the X and Y directions; the lower-layer structure is a microstrip antenna with a bottom coaxial port for feeding as a linear polarization feed source, and the upper-layer structure and the lower-layer structure have the same physical size and are spaced by a certain air layer height. The novel antenna is relatively simple in structure, the size is greatly reduced, and function integration of a transmission array antenna and an FP resonant cavity antenna can be achieved only through one metasurface unit. Free switching of high-gain wave beams in different radiation directions in different linear polarization working modes can be realized by changing the rotation angle of the feed source microstrip antenna.

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy conservation and heat preservation of injection molding machines, in particular to a double-layer vacuum heat preservation device for a gun barrel of an injection molding machine, which comprises a vacuum heat preservation sleeve, a front sealing cover and a rear sealing cover, and a sealing heat preservation air layer is defined by the front sealing cover, the vacuum heat preservation sleeve and the rear sealing cover. The vacuum heat preservation sleeve comprises a heat preservation sleeve inner shell, a heat preservation sleeve outer shell and a heat preservation sleeve vacuum layer arranged between the heat preservation sleeve inner shell and the heat preservation sleeve outer shell. According to the utility model, a double-layer heat preservation layer is formed by the sealing heat preservation air layer and the heat preservation sleeve vacuum layer, so that the heat conduction efficiency can be effectively reduced, heat dissipated to the surrounding environment can be reduced, and heat preservation and heat insulation can be well carried out on the injection molding machine gun barrel; heat loss can be reduced, heating efficiency can be improved, shutdown can be performed when the injection molding machine is not used temporarily, energy consumption can be reduced, the peripheral temperature of a gun barrel of the injection molding machine can be reduced, the working environment temperature of operators can be prevented from being too high, and the operators feel more comfortable.

The invention provides a three-dimensional frequency selector based on slow-wave loading slot lines, which comprises a plurality of slow-wave loading slot line units arranged periodically, and is characterized in that the slow-wave loading slot line units adjacent to each other along an x axis are separated by air layers to form periodic gaps in the x-axis direction; the adjacent slow wave loading slot line units along the y axis are directly connected; and the slow wave loading slot line unit comprises a slot line along the z-axis direction and a T-shaped metal patch loaded in a slot line gap. According to the invention, through x-y plane two-dimensional periodic arrangement and z-direction slot line gap extension, a three-dimensional structure is formed, and incident wave frequency selection is realized; after the T-shaped metal patch is loaded on the slot line, the equivalent electrical length is increased, and the phase velocity is reduced, so that the structure realizes the target space filtering characteristic under the condition of compact size.

The invention provides an experimental device for simulating migration of micro-plastic in an undisturbed soil column under a rainfall condition and application, and belongs to the technical field of soil micro-plastic migration. Comprising a Markov bottle and a simulated soil column, the right side of the upper end of the Markov bottle is provided with a water inlet with a stainless steel cover, and the left side of the upper end of the Markov bottle is provided with an exhaust pipe with scale marks on the surface; the bottom of the Markov bottle is higher than the top of the simulated soil column rainfall tray; the simulated soil column comprises a rainfall disc and a column body arranged below the rainfall disc, the rainfall disc is of a dial type, exhaust holes are formed in the surface of the rainfall disc, a needle head is arranged in the rainfall disc, and the rainfall disc is connected with the upper end of the column body through a flange plate; the column body is divided into an air layer, an undisturbed soil column filling layer and a quartz sand layer which are sequentially connected through flange plates, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the flange plate at the lower end, and the column body is a hollow cylinder with an upper opening and a lower opening.

An apparatus and system are provided to provide transpiration cooling for an airframe. An airframe includes a body that contains circuitry, a phase change material (PCM) that changes phase to a gas when cooling the circuitry, a fluid reservoir that retains the PCM in liquid and gaseous form, a vapor reservoir that retains the gas, a thermal sensor that detects a temperature of an external surface of the body, and a controller that control ejection of the gas from the vapor reservoir based on the temperature to control a thickness of a boundary air layer at the external surface. The controller also controls flow of the gas from the fluid reservoir to the vapor reservoir via a valve based on pressure in the vapor reservoir detected by a pressure sensor.