The invention discloses a rapid qualitative and quantitative detection method for quantitative analysis of multiple components by single marker of
rhodiola rosea,
astragalus membranaceus and safflower capsules, and belongs to a detection and analysis technology. According to the method, three traditional Chinese medicines, namely
rhodiola rosea,
astragalus membranaceus and safflower
carthamus, are identified on a thin-layer plate by adopting a thin-layer
chromatography method and a same
test solution, the pretreatment of a sample and a reference medicinal material only needs 3 hours, 265 mL of a
solvent is adopted, spots are clear, and the method is rapid; according to the established single-detection double-evaluation method for
salidroside and
calycosin-7-
glucoside, only an
ultraviolet detector is needed, detection is carried out under the
wavelength of 270 nm, chromatographic peaks do not interfere with one another, single-detection double-evaluation is achieved, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low. The invention breaks through a traditional identification mode that N
traditional Chinese medicine varieties are identified, N test solutions and N thin-layer plates are prepared, N times of development are needed, and N medicinal materials are identified, and establishes a rapid thin-layer identification method for three traditional Chinese medicines on one thin-layer plate by adopting the same
test solution and each reference medicinal material supernatant subjected to
methanol ultrasonic treatment.