1160 results about "Average size" patented technology

A woven mesh is provided for supporting tissue or an organ within a female patient's pelvis, and a method for using the same. The mesh includes a central portion having a width, a length, first and second ends, and first and second side edges, and first and second wing portions extending from the first and second ends of the central portion respectively. The first and second wing portions each have a width, a length, and first and second peripheral edges. The width of the wing portions are each greater than the width of the central portion, and when positioned within the female patient, the central portion is positioned below and supports the tissue or organ. A mesh is also provided having woven fibers with voids therebetween, and having a central portion and first and second ends. The average size of the voids at least in the central portion is at least 25–50 mm², and when positioned within the patient, the central portion is positioned below and supports the tissue or organ.

The present invention involves, in some embodiments, reusable pump drive systems, which are coupled to removable, and preferably disposable, pumping cartridges. The invention provides, in some embodiments, novel pumping cartridges for use in pumping systems. One such cartridge includes an integrated filter element therein for filtering fluids, for example fluids pumped to the body of a patient in a medical procedure. In some embodiments, the integrated filter is utilized as a blood clot removal filter and in other embodiments is used to remove particulates liquids infused to a patient. The filter element includes a filter with pores therein that are preferably sized to permit essentially unrestricted flow of individual human blood cells therethrough and to block or collect blood clots, cell clumps, particulates etc. with sizes substantially larger than the average size of a human blood cell.

The present invention provides a lithium ion battery that exhibits a significantly improved specific capacity and much longer charge-discharge cycle life. In one preferred embodiment, the battery comprises an anode active material that has been prelithiated and pre-pulverized. This anode may be prepared with a method that comprises (a) providing an anode active material (preferably in the form of fine powder or thin film); (b) intercalating or absorbing a desired amount of lithium into the anode active material to produce a prelithiated anode active material; (c) comminuting the prelithiated anode active material into fine particles with an average size less than 10 μm (preferably <1 μm and most preferably <200 nm); and (d) combining multiple fine particles of the prelithiated anode active material with a conductive additive and/or a binder material to form the anode. Preferably, the prelithiated particles are protected by a lithium ion-conducting matrix or coating material. Further preferably, the matrix material is reinforced with nano graphene platelets.

A self-cleaning surface which has an artificial, at least partially hydrophobic, surface structure containing elevations and depressions, which comprises an at least partially hydrophobic surface formed from structure-forming particles of hydrophobic fumed silica having elevations and depressions ranging in dimensions of 1 to 1000 nm and the particles themselves having an average size of less than 50 μm adhered to the surface by way of a viscous, curable carrier material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyurethane acrylates, silicone acrylates and singly and/or multiply unsaturated (meth)acrylates applied to the surface, which is sufficient to bond the structure forming particles without substantial wetting of the particles by the carrier material while retaining the fissured structure of elevations and depressions of the structure-forming particles in the nanometer range.

The invention relates to an anti-bacterial thermoplastic composite, which comprises the following mixed components: 100 parts of thermoplastic by weight and 0.1-40 parts of composite antibacterial agent by weight, wherein the composite antibacterial agent comprises micronano inorganic/organic particles and guanidinesalt polymers which are coated on the surfaces of the micro/nano particles and/or embedded among pores and layers of the micronano particles; the weight ratio of the guanidinesalt polymers to the micro/nano particles is 1:1-1:50; and the micro/nano particles have at least a one-dimensional average size of 1nm-1000mum. The anti-bacterial thermoplastic composite is obtained by melting and mixing the components such as the thermoplastic, the composite antibacterial agent, and the like, therefore the antibacterial rate of the anti-bacterial thermoplastic composite is higher and the preparation method is simple.

A breathable film having a base layer comprising first filler particles and second filler particles dispersed within a biodegradable polymer matrix is provided. The first filler particles constitute from about 25 wt. % to about 75 wt. % of the base layer and the second filler particles constitute from about 0.1 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of the base layer. The ratio of the average size of the first filler particles to the average size of the second filler particles being from about 2 to about 100. The film exhibits a water vapor transmission rate of about 2,000 g/m²/24 hours or more and a peak load in the machine direction of about 800 grams-force per inch or more.

The invention provides compositions for use in thermal energy storage systems, including thermal energy storage mediums, fluid channeling devices and thermally conductive heat transfer elements, and methods for storing thermal energy. A thermal energy storage system is provided, comprising: (a) a granular thermal energy storage medium comprising at least a first size class and a second size class; wherein the individual granules of each size class deviate from the average granular size for that size class by no more than about ±50%; wherein first size class is the largest size class; wherein the ratio of the average size of the first size class to the average size of the second size class is at least about 2:1; and (b) one or more conduits disposed within the medium, and arranged to receive a source of thermal energy.

The present invention provides orthopedic prosthesis having at least one metallic component that includes a metallic substrate on which an integrally formed nano-crystalline coating is formed. The coating and the substrate have at least one metallic constituent in common having an average atomic concentration in the coating that differs from an average atomic concentration in the substrate by less than about 10 percent. Further, the nano-crystalline coatings includes crystalline grains with an average size in a range of about 1 to 999 nanometers, and more preferably in a range of about 10 to 200 nanometers. A transition region that exhibits a graded reduction in average grain size separates the coating from the substrate. The coating advantageously exhibits an enhanced hardness, and a high degree of resistance to corrosion and wear. In one application, the nano-crystalline coatings of the invention are utilized to form articulating surfaces of various orthopedic devices.

Polycrystalline compacts include hard polycrystalline materials comprising in situ nucleated smaller grains of hard material interspersed and inter-bonded with larger grains of hard material. The average size of the larger grains may be at least about 250 times greater than the average size of the in situ nucleated smaller grains. Methods of forming polycrystalline compacts include nucleating and catalyzing the formation of smaller grains of hard material in the presence of larger grains of hard material, and catalyzing the formation of inter-granular bonds between the grains of hard material. For example, nucleation particles may be mixed with larger diamond grains, a carbon source, and a catalyst. The mixture may be subjected to high temperature and high pressure to form in smaller diamond grains using the nucleation particles, the carbon source, and the catalyst, and to catalyze formation of diamond-to-diamond bonds between the smaller and larger diamond grains.

The invention relates to an oil-in-water nanoemulsion having an oily phase dispersed in an aqueous phase, the oil globules of which have a number-average size of less than 100 nm, containing: (i) at least one amphiphilic lipid comprising at least one nonionic amphiphilic lipid, and optionally at least one ionic amphiphilic lipid, the oily phase and the amphiphilic lipid being present at a content such that the oily phase/amphiphilic lipid weight ratio ranges from 3 to 10, and (ii) at least one hydroxylated urea derivative. Application in cosmetics, dermatology, and ophthalmology.

A conductive electrolessly plated powder used, for example, for bonding a small electrode of an electronic device, its producing method, and a conductive material containing the plated powder. Conventionally, there has been known, as conductive powders, metallic powders such as of nickel, carbon powders, and conductive plating powders the resin core particles of which are coated with a metal, e.g., nickel. However, there has been no conductive electrolessly plated powders having a good conductivity with respect to connection between conductive patterns having an oxide coating thereon or between electrodes and no methods for producing such powders industrially. The conductive electrolessly plated powder of the present invention consists of resin spherical core particles the average size of which is 1 to 20 mum and each of which has a nickel or nickel alloy coating formed by electroless plating. The coating includes small projections of 0.05 to 4 mum on its outermost layer and the coating is substantially continuous with the small projections. A method of producing such a powder is also disclosed.

A method of producing a lithium-ion battery anode comprising: (a) providing an anode active material; (b) intercalating or absorbing a desired amount of lithium into this anode active material to produce a prelithiated anode active material; (c) comminuting the prelithiated anode active material into fine particles with an average size less than 10 μm (preferably sub-micron and more preferably <200 nm); and (d) combining multiple fine particles of prelithiated anode active material with a conductive additive and/or a binder material to form the anode. The battery featuring such an anode exhibits an exceptionally high specific capacity, an excellent reversible capacity, and a long cycle life.

Admission of new objects into a memory such as a web cache is selectively controlled. If an object is not in the cache, but has been requested a specified number of prior occasions (e.g., if the object has been requested at least once before), it is admitted into the cache regardless of size. If the object has not previously been requested the specified number of times, the object is admitted into the cache if the object satisfies a specified size criterion (e.g., if it is smaller than the average size of objects currently stored in the cache). To make room for new objects, other objects are evicted from the cache on, e.g., a Least Recently Used (LRU) basis. The invention could be implemented on existing web caches, on distributed web caches, in client-side web caching, and in contexts unrelated to web object caching.

A method for reducing odors is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises contacting a substrate containing a thin coating of colloidal nanoparticles with an odorous compound. The colloidal nanoparticles have an average size of less than about 500 nanometers, a surface area of from about 50 to about 1000 square meters per gram, and a pore volume of less than about 0.5 milliliters per gram. The colloidal nanoparticles may adsorb at least about 25% of the odorous compound when contacted therewith.

Compositions having antimicrobial activity contain particles comprising at least one inorganic copper salt; and at least one functionalizing agent in contact with the particles, the functionalizing agent stabilizing the particle in a carrier such that an antimicrobially effective amount of ions are released into the environment of a microbe. The average size of the particles ranges from about 1000 nm to about 3 nm. Preferred copper salts include copper iodide, copper bromide and copper chloride, most preferred being copper iodide. Preferred functionalizing agents comprise materials with a molecular weight of 60 or above, which include amino acids, other acidic materials, thiols, hydrophilic polymers, emulsions of hydrophobic polymers and surfactants. The functionalized particles are preferably made by a grinding process.

Disclosed is a method of preparing a micro-structured powder for bonded magnets having high coercivity, which is advantageous in terms of low preparation costs by recycling magnet scraps, simplified mass production, minimal environmental contamination by such a recycling process, and the preparation of stable anisotropic powders having high coercivity. Further, a magnet powder prepared by the above method is provided. The current method is characterized in that R—Fe—B type anisotropic sintered magnets or scraps thereof are crushed to prepare 50-500 μm sized magnet powders, which are then mixed with 1-10 wt % of rare earth fluoride (RF₃) powders and thermally treated at high temperatures (500-1100° C.) in a vacuum or an inert gas, to cause the change of matrix-near surface and grain boundary of the powders. Thus obtained powders include a matrix phase having R₂Fe₁₄B crystal structure, a R-rich grain boundary phase containing rare earth fluoride, and other phases, in which the matrix phase has an average grain size of 1-20 μm, and the powders have an average size of 50-500 μm with superior magnetic characteristics of (BH)max≧20 MGOe and iHc≧5 kOe.

Embodiments of the invention are directed to a composition having antimicrobial activity comprising particles comprising at least one inorganic copper salt; and at least one functionalizing agent in contact with the particles, the functionalizing agent stabilizing the particle in a carrier such that an antimicrobially effective amount of ions are released into the environment of a microbe. The average size of the particles ranges from about 1000 nm to about 4 nm. Preferred copper salts include copper iodide, copper bromide and copper chloride. Preferred functionalizing agents include amino acids, thiols, hydrophilic polymers, emulsions of hydrophobic polymers and surfactants.

In one embodiment the present invention discloses a nanocluster or a nanorose composition comprising two or more closely spaced nanoparticles each comprising one or more metals, metal oxides, inorganic substances, or a combination thereof and one or more stabilizers. The stabilizers are in contact with the two or more closely spaced nanoparticles to form a nanocluster composition in which the inorganic weight percentage is greater than 50% and the average size is below 300 nm, and the nanocluster composition has magnetic properties, optical properties or a combination of both.

A high-temperature-resistant fiber layer for an open particulate trap for purifying exhaust gases from mobile internal combustion engines includes metal fibers. At least a section of the fiber layer has a catalytically active and/or adsorbent coating, in particular such as that of an oxidation catalyst and/or a three-way catalyst and/or an SCR catalyst. A longitudinal section, which is substantially perpendicular to a largest outer surface, has openings formed therein with an average size of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 0.25 mm. A particulate trap with the coated fiber layer is also provided.

An ophthalmic composition includes oil globules dispersed in an aqueous phase. The globules include a surfactant component, a polar oil component that includes an Omega-3 fatty acid and a viscosity modifying agent. The surfactant to oil ratio produces an average size of globules of about 0.1 microns or less. The viscosity is at least as viscous as 0.25% 800K sodium hyaluronate. The composition can be used for treatment of dry eye. The compositions are stable and can have anti-microbial activity sufficient for use as contact lens disinfecting solutions.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device, comprising: a substrate; an OLED formed on the substrate comprising a first electrode formed over the substrate, one or more layers of organic material, one of which emits light, formed over the first electrode, and a transparent second electrode formed over the one or more layers of organic material, the transparent second electrode and layer(s) of organic light-emitting material having a first refractive index range; a transparent cover provided over the OLED through which light from the OLED is emitted, the cover having a second refractive index; separately formed spacer element particles having a first average size distributed above the transparent second electrode, providing spacing between the transparent second electrode and the cover, and forming a transparent gap between the transparent second electrode and the cover, the transparent gap having a third refractive index lower than each of the first refractive index range and second refractive index; and separately formed light-scattering element particles distributed over the second electrode between the spacer element particles, having a second average size smaller than the first size and for scattering light emitted by the light-emitting layer.

The present invention provides a filter with which organic matter, bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances can be trapped, and the trapped material can be sterilized and decomposed, at low cost and extremely high efficiency. A porous ceramic or metal is used as a substrate, and a porous semiconductor composed of a semiconductor material having a light emitting function is formed in the interior or on the surface of this substrate. An electrode is provided to this product to serve as a filter, voltage is applied so that ultraviolet light is emitted while a fluid is being filtered, and any harmful substances are filtered and simultaneously sterilized and decomposed. The porous semiconductor layer is preferably composed of columns grown perpendicular to the substrate plane, and has the function of emitting ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400 nm or less. The pores in the porous substrate column are through-holes perpendicular to the substrate plane, and the average size of these pores is preferably from 0.1 to 100 μm. The distal ends of the columns preferably have a pointed shape. To manufacture, a suspension of semiconductor particles having a light emitting function is filtered through the porous substrate serving as a filter medium so as to form a deposited layer of semiconductor particles on the porous substrate surface. A deposited layer of p-type semiconductor particles and a deposited layer of n-type semiconductor particles may also be formed so that these form a pn junction. Further, the present invention is characterized in that an insulating layer is formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the porous semiconductor layer, and semiconductor particles are dispersed in the insulating layer, with the bandgap of the semiconductor particles in the porous light emitting layer or the porous semiconductor layer being at least 3.2 eV, and being doped with gadolinium, which is the light emitting center.

In addition, the porous semiconductor layer may be made of porous silicon nitride composed of columnar Si₃N₄ particles with an average aspect ratio of at least 3 and an oxide-based binder phase containing at least one of rare earth element, and emit visible light or ultraviolet light.