872 results about "Thermal energy storage" patented technology

A system and method for efficiency and revitalization of power plant assets allows for existing fossil fuel burning power plants to operate in tandem with renewable power sources and to operate at a consistent base load. The system and method reduce fossil fuel burning power plant power / load cycling and improve efficiency, increase power plant useful lifetime, and reduce emissions. The system and method allow for substantially consistent power output regardless of power demand and power supply generation from existing fossil fuel burning power plants and renewable energy sources supplying a common grid.

An integrated energy system includes a nuclear thermal plant situated on a nuclear site. The nuclear thermal plant produces thermal energy that is transported to a thermal energy storage system located outside the nuclear site. The thermal storage system is thermally coupled to a power generation system which is also remote to the nuclear site. By this arrangement, the nuclear thermal plant is isolated and decoupled from the power generation system. The nuclear thermal plant may supply thermal energy upwards of 800° C. or more to be stored at the thermal energy storage system until needed such as for industrial heat, power generation, or other uses. The thermal storage system is source agnostic, and one or more additional thermal energy generators, such as additional nuclear reactors, solar thermal plants, or other thermal energy generators can be coupled to a common thermal storage system and power generation system.

The invention discloses a molten salt heat storage and heat exchange efficiency optimization system and method in a whole-plant technological process. The system comprises a high-temperature molten salt storage tank, a low-temperature molten salt storage tank, a temperature sensor group, a variable-frequency pump group, a multi-stage heat exchanger, an intelligent control unit, a heat buffer module and the like, and the high-temperature molten salt storage tank and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank are connected through a conveying pipeline to form a circulation loop. The intelligent control unit regulates and controls the rotating speed of the pump set and the valve opening degree based on a fuzzy PID algorithm, the heat buffering module reduces heat loss, and the multi-stage heat exchanger enhances heat exchange. The method comprises the steps of temperature and flow data collection, efficiency deviation value calculation, fuzzy PID control, thermal buffer optimization, waste heat feedback and the like. Besides, the system also has the functions of digital twinborn prediction, multi-objective optimization, abnormal working condition self-healing and the like, can be connected with a DCS (Distributed Control System) to obtain energy consumption data and dispatch stored energy, and also can predict equipment faults. The fused salt heat energy storage and heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved, reasonable energy allocation and cost control are achieved, and the reliability and stability of the system are enhanced.

The invention provides a steam extraction energy storage and heat energy storage integrated regulation control method and system, and relates to the technical field, and the method comprises the steps: building a digital twinborn model of a steam extraction energy storage and heat energy storage integrated system, and respectively obtaining corresponding data; establishing a multi-objective optimization model based on the collected data; solving the multi-objective optimization model by using an improved multi-objective differential evolution algorithm in combination with an adaptive variation strategy and a non-dominated sorting mechanism to obtain an optimal adjustment strategy; on the basis of the optimal adjusting strategy, the opening degree of a steam extraction valve of each stage of steam extraction point is adjusted in real time through a distributed control system, and the steam extraction flow is controlled; the inflation power and the deflation power of the compressed air energy storage unit are dynamically adjusted, and meanwhile the charging and discharging power of the flywheel energy storage unit is controlled; the heat charging and discharging rate of the phase change material heat storage unit is adjusted in a self-adaptive mode, and meanwhile the heat charging and discharging flow of the fused salt heat storage unit is controlled.

A heating installation (1) comprising:a first circuit (C1) containing a medium;a first heat pump (5) for heating a medium by absorbing heat energy from the medium in the first circuit;a thermal energy store (2) connected to the first circuit in order to allow heat exchange between the thermal energy store and the medium in the first circuit;a second circuit (C2) containing a medium;a second heat pump (10) for heating a medium by absorbing heat energy from the medium in the second circuit;a cooling circuit (CC) containing a medium;a first heat exchanger (8) for transferring heat from the medium in the cooling circuit (CC) to the medium in the first circuit (C1); anda second heat exchanger (9) for transferring heat from the medium in the cooling circuit (CC) to the medium in the second circuit (C2).

Various novel heat exchange components which are designed and / or configured to effectively and efficiently dissipate thermal energy (heat) away from a heat source are described. The heat exchange component structures may be a composite formed of two or more distinct types of materials including a thermally conductive material and a solid state (SS) Martensitic transformation (MT) phase change material (PCM). The thermally conductive material may be configured so as to form or provide for: (i) a heat receiving section configured to be in contact with a heat source so as to receive thermal energy from the heat source, and (ii) a thermal energy spreading section configured to pull thermal energy away from the heat receiving section and distribute it into and / or throughout the entire the heat exchange structure, especially, into and / or through the SS MT PCM.

Provided is a method of constructing a geothermal heat exchanger comprised of a geothermal well(s) that maximizes heat transfer from sweet spots of geothermal energy of a geothermal reservoir to the geothermal well(s). The method involves dynamically identifying the sweet spots, and selecting a predetermined shape and / or increasing a dimension of the geothermal well(s) within the sweet spots to increase a surface area of contact between the geothermal well(s) and the sweet spots. The method further involves calculating a mathematical best fit line to minimize a distance between the geothermal well(s) and the sweet spots, and forming at least a part of the geothermal well(s) to, or to a proximity of, the sweet spots along the mathematical best fit line. Methods may include increasing an effective thermal radius of the geothermal well(s) by geothermal fracturing, geothermal acidizing, or geothermal multilateral wells, and embedding thermal energy storage (TES) materials therein.

An energy storage system (TES) converts variable renewable electricity (VRE) to continuous heat at over 1000° C. Intermittent electrical energy heats a solid medium. Heat from the solid medium is delivered continuously on demand. Heat delivery via flowing gas establishes a thermocline which maintains high outlet temperature throughout discharge. The delivered heat which may be used for processes including power generation and cogeneration. In one application, there are thermal energy storage units that provide existing power plants with greater system efficiency, safety, and reduced fuel consumption.

A heating and cooling system including a heat pump system and a thermal energy storage (TES) and retrieval system. The TES and retrieval system includes a Phase Change Material (PCM) unit housing a PCM and a first refrigerant line at least partially immersed in the PCM or embedded within the PCM unit for the PCM to exchange heat with refrigerant in flow through the first refrigerant line, the refrigerant directed from a compressor of the reversible heat pump system to the first refrigerant line and back to the reversible heat pump system after the first refrigerant line. The TES and retrieval system further includes a first water line at least partially immersed in the PCM or embedded within the PCM unit for the PCM to exchange heat with water in the first water line.

A thermochemical system and method for thermochemical decomposition of a hydrocarbon feedstock such as methane or natural gas within an insulated volume where the important elements of the thermochemical system are located within the insulated volume. The insulated volume contains a heater and a thermal energy storage medium in thermal communication with the heater such that it is heated by the heater and stores the thermal energy it receives by a heat storage process. The thermal energy storage medium is also configured to release the thermal energy that it stored in the form of a released heat. The insulated volume also contains a hydrocarbon pyrolysis reactor thermally coupled with the thermal energy storage medium to receive the released heat and use it for driving pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce pyrolysis products containing primarily hydrogen and a solid carbon product. Pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon feedstock is driven at a high temperature, such as between 700 ° C and 2, 000 ° C.

The embodiment of the invention provides a thermal energy storage method and system based on a multi-section particle packed bed, the thermal energy storage system comprises an electric heating module, a fluidized bed thermal energy storage module and a fixed bed thermal energy storage module, the fluidized bed thermal energy storage module comprises a fluidized bed and first particles filled in a cavity of the fluidized bed, the electric heating module is partially arranged in the fluidized bed cavity and is in contact with the first particles, the fixed bed heat energy storage module is connected with the fluidized bed heat energy storage module, and the fixed bed heat energy storage module comprises a plurality of fixed beds connected in parallel and second particles filled in the fixed beds. According to the embodiment of the invention, rapid heat storage of the fluidized bed and the fixed beds is realized, the heat storage density is improved, heat storage is performed through a plurality of fixed beds, and the defect that the size of the fluidized bed is too large when the fluidized bed is adopted for heat storage can be avoided.

The present disclosure provides pumped heat energy storage systems that can be used to store and / or extract electrical energy. A pumped heat energy storage system of the present disclosure can store energy by operating as a heat pump, whereby net work input can be used to transfer heat from the cold side to the hot side. A working fluid of the system is capable of efficient heat exchange with heat storage fluids on a hot side of the system and on a cold side of the system. Such pumped energy storage systems can be beneficially integrated with thermal plants to provided heat transfer to and / or from the thermal plants.

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a coal-fired power plant based on fused salt heat storage, a power generation system and an operation method. The coal-fired power plant comprises a boiler, a steam turbine, a condenser, a deaerator, a first heating unit, a second heating unit and a generator. The coal-fired power plant is further provided with a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline, one end of the first pipeline is connected to the pipeline between the boiler and the steam turbine, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the fused salt heating unit. One end of the second pipeline is connected with an air outlet of the fused salt heating unit, and the other end is connected with the condenser; one end of the third pipeline is connected with the deaerator, and the other end is connected with an air inlet of the steam generation unit; one end of the fourth pipeline is connected with an air outlet of the steam generation unit, and the other end is connected with the turbine and the first heating unit. And the peak regulation depth and the variable load rate of the coal-fired power plant are improved.

The invention discloses a photo-thermal energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of photo-thermal energy storage, and the photo-thermal energy storage system is characterized in that a phase change substance is arranged in an energy storage box, a heat exchange flow path penetrates through the energy storage box and is in heat exchange cooperation with the phase change substance, a cooling device comprises a heat exchange shell and a water absorption gel plate, and a solar photovoltaic panel abuts against the heat exchange shell. A mounting cavity is defined by the heat exchange shell, the heat exchange shell is provided with a first wall part and a second wall part which are opposite, a mounting cavity outlet is formed in the first wall part, a mounting cavity inlet is formed in the second wall part, and the two ends of the heat exchange flow path are connected with the mounting cavity outlet and the mounting cavity inlet correspondingly to form a circulating flow path; the water absorption gel plate is arranged in the mounting cavity and abuts against the heat exchange shell, and a steam space is formed between the first wall part and the water absorption gel plate. The heat of the solar photovoltaic panel is absorbed through the water absorption gel plate, and the heat exchange flow path is matched with the phase change material in a heat exchange manner, so that the working efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel and the solar energy utilization rate can be improved, and energy conservation and emission reduction are facilitated.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a solid oxide electrolytic hydrogen production system and a control method thereof.The electrolytic hydrogen production system comprises water, a waste heat recovery module, a fused salt phase change energy storage module and a solid oxide electrolytic tank, and the waste heat recovery module comprises a water preheater and a steam heater; product gas generated by the solid oxide electrolytic tank passes through the water preheater and the steam heater in sequence; the fused salt phase change energy storage module comprises a fused salt reactor heat release device and a phase change energy storage fused salt reactor for providing heat for the fused salt reactor heat release device; after being powered by the water pump, water sequentially passes through the water preheater, the molten salt pile heat release device and the steam heater to absorb heat, is converted into water vapor and then flows to the solid oxide electrolytic tank; the fused salt phase-change energy storage module stores energy by using high-temperature phase-change mixed salt, and can convert low-ebb and low-price off-peak electricity of a power grid and abandoned electricity such as photovoltaic electricity and wind electricity into heat energy for storage, so that the consumption of electric energy is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the hydrogen production cost is reduced.

A thermal energy storage (TES) system converts variable renewable electricity (VRE) to continuous heat at over 900° C. Intermittent electrical energy heats a solid medium. Heat from the solid medium is delivered continuously on demand. Heat delivery via flowing gas establishes a thermocline which maintains high outlet temperature throughout discharge. The delivered heat which may be used for processes including power generation and cogeneration. Configurations of simple cycle systems and combined cycle power plants using thermal energy storage units can provide even greater efficiency and responsiveness.

The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy storage and heating, and provides a refrigeration and heating integrated system based on phase change heat storage and a control method, the refrigeration and heating integrated system comprises a solar heat collection module, a heat storage oil tank, a phase change heat storage module, an absorption refrigeration module, a heating and heat supplementing module and a multi-mode control module; the multi-mode control module is used for controlling the phase change heat storage module to store heat in a heating period in response to the valley electricity time; monitoring the temperature of a heat storage oil tank in response to the non-valley electricity time, switching a heat supply mode of the system based on a comparison result of the temperature of the heat storage oil tank and a set threshold value, and controlling the phase change heat storage module to store heat or driving the absorption type refrigeration module to refrigerate in response to triggering of a user cold load demand in a cold supply period; and in response to the situation that the user cold load demand is not triggered, the heating and heat supplementing module is controlled to supplement heat to the phase change heat storage module. By integrating solar heat collection, phase change heat storage and valley electricity heat compensation strategies, efficient utilization and multi-source cooperative energy supply of clean energy are achieved.

The invention discloses an electricity-gas-heat integrated energy microgrid optimal configuration system considering an extreme event, which belongs to the technical field of integrated energy system optimization and comprises the steps of constructing a system model, setting an objective function, calculating, setting constraint conditions, setting extreme safety constraints, and establishing a planning model and a solving model. The system model comprises a gas turbine, a gas-fired boiler, photovoltaic equipment, wind power equipment, an electric heating pump and battery energy storage and heat energy storage equipment, and is used for meeting the requirements of electric energy, heat energy and gas loads in the system and ensuring the balance of the electric quantity and heat of the system. By constructing an optimization model of a comprehensive energy system, the uncertainty of renewable energy output is processed by utilizing a static robust optimization technology, and the uncertainty of power grid or gas grid faults caused by extreme natural disasters is combined, so that the operation safety and stability of the system in the disaster period are ensured.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic photo-thermal energy storage multi-element coupled all-weather self-adaptive building energy system and method, and belongs to the crossing field of solar comprehensive utilization and building energy saving. The system integrates a Fresnel lens, a frequency division film, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a thermoelectric power generation unit and a multi-temperature-zone phase change energy storage device, and the surface of the photovoltaic and thermoelectric unit is covered with an aerogel heat collection and insulation layer. Sunlight is focused by a Fresnel lens and then is separated into short-wave light and long-wave light by a frequency division film, and power generation waste heat is stored in a cascade mode through a phase change energy storage device; the intelligent control unit switches a heat supply season mode or a cold supply season mode according to seasons and energy consumption requirements. The system improves the solar spectrum utilization rate, achieves all-weather self-adaptive supply of electricity and heat of the building, is compact in structure, low-carbon and efficient, and is suitable for various building energy scenes.

Energy storage and retrieval systems are disclosed, along with methods of storing and retrieving the energy. One system includes a thermal energy storage subsystem and a trilateral cycle, with first and second heat exchangers. The first heat exchanger exchanges heat between the energy storage medium and the working fluid, and the second heat exchanger exchanges heat between the high- and low-pressure sides of the trilateral cycle. Another system includes a conduit fluidly connecting pressurized gas in low- and high-temperature thermal energy storage tanks and passing through a heat exchanger in which the gas in the conduit exchanges heat with the thermal energy storage medium and / or the working fluid, enabling recovery of heat lost to evaporation of the thermal energy storage medium during discharge of the stored thermal energy in the system. The methods relate to various operations of the systems.

The invention discloses a co-extrusion-molded microporous polyphenyl particle phase change energy storage gradient water stop thermal insulation structural slab, the thermal insulation structural slab sequentially comprises an EVA water stop layer, a strength layer and a thermal insulation layer from outside to inside, the EVA water stop layer is prepared by doping EVA rubber powder and fly ash into cement; the strength layer is made of high-strength cement; the heat preservation layer is made of microporous polystyrene foaming particles, microcapsules containing phase change materials and foaming cement. Through innovative design and material selection, the heat preservation performance of the gradient water stop heat preservation layer structural slab is gradually reduced from inside to outside so as to meet the requirements of different environment temperatures, the highest waterproof performance is provided on the outermost layer of the structure, and the heat preservation performance is gradually reduced inwards so as to reduce condensation of internal moisture; and an efficient, environment-friendly and economical solution is provided for the building industry. The invention solves the problem of balance between thermal insulation performance and fireproof performance of the traditional building thermal insulation material, and improves the problems of insufficient waterproof performance, limited heat energy storage capacity and the like of the traditional material.

The present application discloses a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials, which relates to the technical field of wind turbine anti-icing. The system includes: a phase change material storage box and a heating airflow subsystem; a solid-liquid phase change material is stored in the phase change material storage box, which is used to absorb and store the heat of the liquid working fluid when the external environmental conditions of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem, the converter liquid cooling heat dissipation subsystem and the wind turbine liquid cooling heat dissipation subsystem are non-icing conditions; the heating airflow subsystem is used to heat the fan blades in the wind turbine using the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material when the external environmental conditions are icing conditions, so as to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades. The present application can improve the energy utilization rate of the wind turbine anti-icing system and reduce costs.

Wood template-supported phase change material (PCM) composite having thermal energy storage applications. A wood template-supported PCM may include a wood template that has had at least a portion of its xylan and / or lignin removed and saturated with a PCM. The PCM may be stabilized with a cross linkable network for improved infiltration into the wood template. The wood template-supported PCM composite may be formed by extracting xylan and / or lignin from the wood to create a wood template, densifying at least a portion of the wood template, and inserting a PCM into the wood template.

The invention discloses a method for improving the power load following flexibility of a pressurized water reactor, which comprises the following steps: arranging a bypass branch line on a steam bypass pipeline on the secondary side of a steam generator, and arranging a heat energy storage device on the bypass branch line; steam on the secondary side of the steam generator is shunted into the heat energy storage device in proportion through a bypass branch line; when the power load is low, secondary side steam of the steam generator is introduced into the heat energy storage device for heat storage; when the power load is high, the heat energy storage device releases stored heat and heats condensed water, and generated steam is output from the heat energy storage device to be used for power generation. The method does not reduce the operation power of the nuclear reactor, does not cause energy waste, can cope with the mismatching between the power supply and the power demand, maintains reliable energy distribution, and improves the power load following flexibility of the pressurized water reactor.

An electrically conductive ceramic-metal composite brick is formed of a Cr2O3 containing ceramic material into which is incorporated metallic chromium agglomerates having a melting temperature in excess of 1300 C, in some instances in excess of 1500 C. The ceramic-metal composite brick can be incorporated into an electrically heated thermal energy storage system or a resistive heating system as one or both of a heating element and an electrode.

Thermal energy storage systems and methods that include near-black body concentrated sunlight receivers disposed in thermal storage media for storing sunlight and extracting thermal energy for multiple end-use applications. The concentrated sunlight receivers are characterized by absorption of sunlight of at least 95%. The thermal energy storage systems are modular and transportable and can be scaled-up in capacity. Solar concentrators may be integrated with the thermal energy storage systems.

According to the peak and frequency modulation thermal power generating unit system integrating heat pump energy storage, by coupling the heat pump energy storage device driven by the small steam turbine, when the load of the unit is reduced, the steam extraction amount of the small steam turbine is increased, the flow of the large steam turbine is reduced, and the output of the unit is reduced; surplus output of the small steam turbine drives the heat pump to operate, and mechanical energy is converted into cold energy and heat energy to be stored; when the load of the unit is increased, the stored high-temperature heat is used for heating the high-pressure heater feed water and squeezing the high-pressure extracted steam, and meanwhile, the stored low-temperature heat is used for cooling the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam and reducing the back pressure of the unit, so that the output of the unit is increased. Mutual conversion between mechanical energy and heat energy is achieved through the coupling heat pump energy storage device, and therefore the effects of deep peak regulation, rapid peak jacking, frequency modulation and the like of the unit are achieved; energy at the hot end and the cold end of the heat pump energy storage device is fully stored and utilized, energy loss is small, and the energy utilization efficiency is high; the coupling degree of the heat pump energy storage device and the main machine is weak, the system is simple, operation is flexible, and good safety and economical efficiency are achieved.

The invention discloses a steam supply system based on calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage and an operation method. The system comprises a thermochemical energy storage device, a steam supply device, an electric heating device and a material circulation auxiliary device. The thermochemical energy storage device is a fluidized bed reactor and a solid material storage tank, reversible conversion between high-grade heat energy and chemical energy is achieved through hydration / dehydration reaction, then heat energy storage is achieved, and the thermochemical energy storage device is matched with the auxiliary device to form a closed material circulation loop. The steam supply device integrates multiple paths of steam through a valve and a mixer; the electric heating device serves as a supplementary heat source in the peak regulation stage of the coal-fired heat supply unit. The operation method is divided into a starting stage, a non-peak-shaving stage and a peak-shaving stage, and cooperative control over high-pressure steam extraction heat energy storage and low-temperature water supply evaporation overheating is achieved. The system aims to solve the thermoelectric decoupling problem of the coal-fired heat supply unit, and has the advantages of flexibility, high efficiency, safety, environmental protection, low application cost, high energy storage density, small occupied area and the like.

The invention discloses a decarburization coal power system coupled with a reversible Brayton cycle heat pump and a method thereof. The decarburization coal power system comprises a coal-fired power generation subsystem used for converting heat into electric energy, a decarburization subsystem used for treating carbon dioxide emission and a heat pump heat storage subsystem used for improving the energy utilization efficiency. Exhausted smoke of a boiler in the coal-fired power generation subsystem passes through a smoke steam cooler in the decarburization subsystem and then enters an absorption tower; the coal-fired power generation subsystem sends high-temperature steam generated by a boiler into the heat pump heat storage subsystem through a high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the heat pump heat storage subsystem stores high-temperature molten salt after heat absorption into a high-temperature storage tank. The system has the beneficial effects that the heat pump heat storage subsystem is constructed through the reversible Brayton cycle, supercritical carbon dioxide is adopted as a cycle working medium, and a phase change material and molten salt are adopted as heat storage media, so that the energy storage density is improved, and the stability and high efficiency of the heat storage and release process are guaranteed; therefore, the system can better adapt to fluctuation of the power grid load, and quick response is realized.

A gas turbine generator system configured to be electrically interconnected to an electrical grid via a first circuit breaker. The gas turbine generator system includes a compressor configured to output a pressurized gas flow to an electrically heated thermal energy storage system which outputs a heated and pressurized gas flow to a gas turbine to cause the gas turbine to rotate and drive an electrical generator. The electrical generator outputs electric power to the electrical grid via the first circuit breaker, operating in a normally closed position. There is a controller to detect an opening of the first circuit breaker and to close a first switch, in response to the opening of the first circuit breaker. The first switch is connected to the output of the electrical generator and to the electrical input of the electrically heated thermal energy storage system, connecting the generator to the thermal energy storage system.