483results about "Pyrolysis reactions" patented technology

Disclosed herein are methods for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the methods include directing the plastic feedstock into an internal volume of a reactor vessel, and pyrolyzing the plastic feedstock in the internal volume of the reactor vessel.

The invention relates to the technical field of temperature monitoring, and discloses a temperature monitoring method of a device for preparing biochar by using a Fresnel lens system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting temperature monitoring data in a reaction cylinder, carrying out the abnormal point elimination, sampling consistency correction and sliding smoothing, and generating a temperature trend sequence; dividing the data into a heating section, a stable section and a fluctuation section according to trend change, extracting and constructing a corresponding sample set, and counting a sample proportion to judge a temperature control state; calling historical temperature trajectories to carry out feature comparison, judging whether trend deviation exists or not, and if so, screening similar trajectories to construct a reference trajectory library and a temperature correction parameter set; and adjusting the current trend sequence based on the correction parameters, and outputting a carbonization preparation completion instruction when temperature, time and fluctuation conditions are met. According to the invention, by introducing a multi-stage sample division and trend track comparison mechanism, real-time monitoring and dynamic correction of the temperature control process are realized.

The invention aims to provide a solid hydrogen storage hydrogen closed cycle hydrogen source generator for an underwater vehicle, which belongs to the field of dehydrogenation devices and comprises a reactor, a pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, a hydrogen storage material delivery pump, a solid hydrogen storage material storage unit, a solid hydrogen storage material spraying device, a product collecting device and a hydrogen storage unit. The hydrogen storage material conveying pump is connected with the pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, the solid hydrogen storage material storage unit and the solid hydrogen storage material spraying device, the hydrogen storage unit is connected with the pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, and the reactor is connected with the hydrogen storage unit. The solid hydrogen storage material is used for releasing hydrogen, one part of hydrogen is conveyed to the fuel cell to react for power output of the underwater vehicle, the other part of circulating hydrogen assists the hydrogen storage material in injection, and an underwater closed circulation mode suitable for the underwater vehicle is achieved. The solid hydrogen storage material conveying module and the circulating hydrogen supply module are matched, and rapid mixing of the solid hydrogen storage material and hydrogen and large-flow injection of the solid hydrogen storage material are achieved.

The invention discloses a cracking furnace intelligent optimization system control method and system architecture, and belongs to the cracking furnace application field, and the cracking furnace intelligent optimization system control method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting cracking furnace operation time sequence characteristic data and flame combustion video data in real time through a sensor and a high temperature camera; s2, preprocessing the collected multi-modal data, S3, integrating the preprocessed multi-modal data by using federal learning, and constructing a cross-modal causal logic model; s4, designing a deep reinforcement learning framework, introducing the dynamic prediction model of the cracking furnace, and reasoning the recommendation range of each parameter of the optimized operation of the cracking furnace; s5, dynamic process data and the environment-friendly emission prediction model are combined, a data-driven MPC algorithm framework is adopted, and dynamic optimization control over the cracking furnace is achieved; and S6, the operator performs adjustment or selects emergency operation according to the recommended parameters and strategies to realize man-machine cooperative control. Finally, the dynamic optimization control of the cracking furnace can be realized, and the energy consumption is effectively reduced.

A reactor including a vertically oriented vessel with a gas inlet port, a distributor, a feedstock port, and a microwave generator. The reactor is designed to process a carbon feedstock to produce hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, utilizing a fluidized bed provided with microwave energy. Also disclosed are methods of converting a carbon feedstock, particularly a solid carbon feedstock, into hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, preferably including carbon nanotubes.

The invention relates to a multi-source heat carrier heat transfer coal pyrolysis reaction device, and relates to the technical field of multi-heat source complementary coal pyrolysis and gasification. Comprising a reactor, a spiral feeder, a solid product collector and a heat storage cavity, the interior of the reactor is divided into a pyrolysis cavity and a heat supply cavity through a steel plate; the spiral feeder is connected with the top of the pyrolysis cavity through a conveying pipe, and the solid product collector is connected with the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity through a pneumatic knife gate valve; and the pyrolysis cavity is connected with the bottom of the heat storage cavity through a pneumatic knife gate valve. The function that the reactor adapts to multi-source heat sources and high heat transfer flux is achieved through circular flowing of the high-temperature heat carrier; the heat transfer efficiency of the reactor can be effectively improved by regulating and controlling the heat transfer characteristic and the flowing state of the high-temperature heat carrier, and the pyrolytic reaction rate is increased.

The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and relates to a continuous coking production system and process method for hydrogenated unconverted oil, and the production system comprises a membrane filter, a raw material tank, a homogenizer, a tubular furnace, a coking machine, an oil cooler and a stock bin. According to the invention, the continuous production of the high-quality petroleum coke is realized by combining a synergistic process method of membrane filtration, modification, homogeneous emulsification and tubular furnace coking machine coupling with a graphite adding and hydraulic conveying technology without a noble metal catalyst. The sulfur content, the ash content and the volatile components of the petroleum coke prepared by the technological method all meet the industrial standards, the requirement of pre-culture low-emission anode coke of electrolytic aluminum can be met, and the cost is low.

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastic via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

A fully modular assembled pyrolysis reactor with multiple feeding points includes modular upper and lower vessels. The lower vessel is equipped with a first biomass input unit, and inside the lower vessel, there is an integrated rotatable grate. The outlet end of the input pipe of the first biomass input device is formed at the top center of the grate, so that the grate's surface forms the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor. The upper vessel is equipped with additional biomass input units, and the outlet end of the input pipe of the additional biomass input units extend into the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor, with built-in cooling function and door switch. While achieving precise control, the technical problem of single feedstock in existing vertical pyrolysis reactor with bottom feeding is solved, and the use of multiple feedstocks can be immediately implemented, greatly improving operational stability.

A method for treating mixed plastic waste, the method comprising: (I) pyrolyzing the mixed plastic waste in a pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 250 DEG C to 700 DEG C and a pressure of 1.0 bar to 100 bar to form a pyrolysis oil; (II) optionally transferring the pyrolysis oil directly to a hydrotreating unit via a filter, and subjecting the pyrolysis oil to hydrotreating with a catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature of 250 DEG C to 700 DEG C and a pressure of 1.0 bar to 100 bar to form a hydrotreated pyrolysis oil; (III) regenerating a portion of the hydrotreated pyrolysis oil directly from the hydrotreating unit to the pyrolysis reactor.

A method / system, which can be modified from the Flexicoking™ process / system, includes introducing a heavy petroleum feed into a fluidized bed in a reactor and converting the feed via a coking operation within the fluidized bed, producing an overhead stream with entrained coke fines from the reactor overhead and solid coke from the base of the reactor. The method includes injecting the solid coke into a fluidized bed in a burner and combusting the solid coke in the burner, producing hot coke particles. The method includes recirculating a portion of the hot coke particles to the fluidized bed in the reactor, discharging the remainder of the hot coke particles from the base of the burner and a flue gas from the burner overhead, and passing the flue gas and a caustic dispersion to a venturi scrubber to obtain a scrubbed flue gas. More petroleum coke can be produced from the method / system.

The invention discloses a DCS (Distributed Control System) control method and system applied to preparation of ethylene by thermal cracking, which ensure the stability and consistency in the production process by monitoring and adjusting key parameters such as quality, flow, cracking temperature, pressure and the like of raw materials in real time so as to improve the yield and purity of ethylene. The cracking conditions (such as the ratio of steam to raw materials) and the cooling rate are accurately controlled, energy consumption and waste emission can be effectively reduced, and the resource utilization rate is further improved by effectively regulating and controlling the separation process.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of environmental functional materials, and discloses a directional synthesis method of magnetic porous iron-doped graphitized biochar, which is realized by the following steps: cooperatively inducing low-temperature graphitization by utilizing a biomass endogenous S < 2 > self-template and nano-diamond; performing double-complexing ultrasonic impregnation on the iron precursor to realize nanoscale dispersion; performing staged pyrolysis, pre-carbonizing in an inert atmosphere to construct a carbon skeleton, and synchronously completing iron reduction and graphitization in a reducing atmosphere; performing mixed pickling to synchronously remove the template and construct a passivation layer; and finally, carrying out magnetic separation to obtain the high-porosity and uniformly iron-doped magnetic graphitized charcoal. A graphitized porous structure is realized through cooperation of a low-temperature self-template and nano-diamond, iron agglomeration is inhibited through a double-complexing ultrasonic technology, a protective layer and active sites are synchronously constructed through mixed pickling and passivation, and three technical barriers of high-temperature collapse, iron particle inactivation and short cycle life of a traditional process are broken through.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a carbon molecular sieve material, the carbon molecular sieve material and application of the carbon molecular sieve material. The preparation method of the carbon molecular sieve material provided by the invention comprises the step of carrying out pyrolysis treatment on phenolic resin in mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas comprises inert gas and optional carbon dioxide. The carbon molecular sieve material disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of good stability, developed pore structure, height adjustability of the pore structure, large specific surface area and the like, and shows outstanding selectivity and impurity adsorption capacity when being used for screening, adsorbing and separating hexafluoropropylene and octafluoropropane.

A system (28) for treating waste is provided. The waste treatment system of the present invention is a waste treatment reactor (10) configured to treat waste. The waste treatment reactor (10) has a cylindrical body (12) having an inlet (14) for receiving waste, a waste chamber (26) for storing waste (28), and an outlet (16) for discharging treated waste from the waste chamber. A first tube bundle reactor (38) has a waste treatment reactor and performs waste treatment on the waste stored in the waste chamber. An energy recycle assembly (40) is connected to the tube bundle reactor and recycles thermal energy associated with the tube bundle reactor during waste treatment. The energy recycle assembly (40) includes a heating device (42) for heating a first region of the tube bundle reactor and a cooling device (44) for cooling a second region of the tube bundle reactor.

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastic via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

The invention discloses a unit and a method for preparing olefin through shock wave cracking and a reactor applying the unit, the unit is used for steam cracking by taking low-carbon alkane as a raw material, the unit comprises a furnace tube which is of a tubular shell structure, a furnace tube body is provided with a straight section, the shell is internally provided with a rotating shaft with the same shape as the shell, and the rotating shaft is arranged in the shell; an annular gap between the rotating shaft and the shell forms a gas channel; a partition plate extending in the radial direction is arranged in the portion, at the straight section, of the gas channel. And the shock wave compression device is arranged at the front part of the straight section and is sequentially provided with a first stator for primarily accelerating the gas raw material, a rotor for accelerating the gas raw material to supersonic speed and a second stator for generating shock wave loss and rapidly raising the temperature of the gas raw material along the gas flow direction. According to the invention, low-carbon alkanes and water vapor are used as raw materials, through the structural design of the unit for preparing olefins through shock wave cracking, the preparation of low-carbon olefin products through shock wave cracking is realized, the heating is more uniform, and the retention time of feed gas in the reactor is short.

The invention relates to the technical field of tire treatment equipment, in particular to a waste tire cracking utilization device which comprises a cracking box, an upper cover is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the cracking box, a locking structure is arranged on the upper cover, and a cracking chamber for cracking waste tires is arranged in the cracking box. A heating mechanism for heating waste tires is arranged on the cracking chamber, an oil collecting tank matched with the heating mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the cracking chamber, a plugging mechanism matched with the oil collecting tank is arranged in the cracking chamber, and an upper cover is fixed by arranging a locking structure. The upper cover and the feed port of the cracking box form a sealing structure to prevent air permeation, and the plugging mechanism is arranged to plug the cracking chamber to form a sealing structure, so that air cannot enter the cracking chamber during reaction, the cracking chamber can be in an anoxic state, and liquid oil, gas and solid carbon black produced by cracking reaction are good in quality. The production efficiency is high.

The invention provides a self-preheating pyrolysis system and a preparation method of micro-nano particles, and relates to the technical field of material preparation, the self-preheating pyrolysis system comprises: a gas inlet part configured to receive precursor aerosol; the combustor is configured to perform pyrolysis on the precursor aerosol by combusting combustible gas and oxidizing gas which are introduced from the outside, so as to obtain micro-nano particles and pyrolysis gas; and the heating part is arranged between the gas inlet part and the combustor and is configured to heat the precursor aerosol entering the combustor by utilizing heat contained in the pyrolysis gas.

A system for converting plastics includes a catalyst regenerator, a feeder containing a plastic feedstock, a first conical spouted bed reactor stage in fluid communication with the catalyst regenerator and in fluid communication with the feeder, and a second conical spouted bed reactor stage in fluid communication with the first conical spouted bed reactor stage.

A plastic pyrolytic conversion vessel comprises a conveying mechanism for moving a liquid, or a semi-molten, or a molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof through the vessel. During pyrolyzation of the waste material, the same is heated and vaporized and undergoes in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, and is subsequently removed from the vessel. A plurality of scraper blades serve to mix the liquid, or the semi-molten, or the molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof and convey the waste material forward toward a vessel egress. In another embodiment, one or more sweeping devices serve to move forward the waste material that is located between adjacent rotating conveyor devices.

The present invention relates to an electrically heated furnace, particularly a furnace for chemical reactions, and more particularly, in one embodiment, provides an electrically heated furnace comprising: a. a furnace chamber including: i. one or more process tubes extending through the furnace chamber; ii. a plurality of electrically powered heating means disposed within the furnace chamber for heating the one or more process tubes; iii. one or more gas inlets; and iv. one or more gas outlets; the electrically heated furnace further comprising: b. an external recirculation loop connecting the one or more gas outlets of the furnace chamber to one or more gas inlets of the furnace chamber such that gas exiting the one or more gas outlets of the furnace chamber flows to the one or more gas inlets and is recirculated back to the furnace chamber; and c. at least one gas analyzer or detector and / or at least one pressure monitor for pressure measurement provided on the external recirculation loop.

The invention relates to textile fibres, and particularly, although not exclusively, to textile microfibres and / or textile nanofibres, and their conversion into carbon nanomaterials. The invention extends to methods for converting non-biodegradable textile micro- and nanofibres and micro- and nanoplastics into harmless, non-toxic and / or biodegradable / biocompatible end-products, and encompasses apparatus and / or reactors used to perform these methods.

A chemical method and chemical system that pyrolyzes a hydrocarbon feedstock (e.g., methane or natural gas) using a pyrolysis reactor to produce treated hydrogen gas at high gas temperatures. The pyrolysis reactor flows a high temperature fluid stream of pyrolysis products, including hydrogen gas and solid carbon products, to a heat exchanger to cool it into a low temperature fluid stream of pyrolysis products. A treatment system connected to the heat exchanger receives the low temperature fluid stream and generates treated hydrogen gas at low gas temperatures, which is then flowed back to the heat exchanger as a gas stream at low gas temperatures to be used as a working fluid to cool the high temperature fluid stream of pyrolysis gas. Advantageously, this exchange heats the gas stream at low gas temperatures, producing the treated hydrogen gas at high gas temperatures.

A reactor (12) and method for the conversion of hydrocarbons utilizes a reactor (12) having a unique feed assembly (56) that creates an inwardly spiraling fluid flow pattern of the feed gases to form a swirling gas mixture that passes through a conduit (46) with a constricted neck portion or nozzle (52). At least a portion of the swirling gas mixture forms a thin, annular mixed gas flow layer immediately adjacent to the conduit (46). A portion of the swirling gas mixture is combusted as the swirling gas mixture passes through the conduit (46) for conversion of hydrocarbons.

A reactor including a vertically oriented vessel with a gas inlet port, a distributor, a feedstock port, and a microwave generator. The reactor is designed to process a carbon feedstock to produce hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, utilizing a fluidized bed provided with microwave energy. Also disclosed are methods of converting a carbon feedstock, particularly a solid carbon feedstock, into hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, preferably including carbon nanotubes.

A chemical synthesis apparatus comprising: one or more reactors configured to produce a process stream comprising at least one chemical product from one or more reactants; a feed preparation system configured to prepare one or more feed streams comprising one or more of one or more reactants to be introduced into one or more reactors; and / or a product purification system configured to separate at least one chemical product from reaction byproducts, unreacted reactants, or a combination thereof within the process stream, wherein the chemical synthesis apparatus is configured such that a majority of the net energy required for heating, cooling, compression, or a combination thereof used via one or more reactors, feed preparation systems, product purification systems, or a combination thereof is provided by a non-carbon-based energy source, renewable energy source, and / or electrical power.

The present invention provides an electric heating device (1) comprising at least an electric furnace (2) having walls (2A, 2B) defining a space (3), a first row (4) of tubes (10) extending through the space (3), the tubes (10) having an inlet (11) and an outlet (12) outside the space (3), a second row (14) of tubes (10) extending through the space (3), the tubes (10) having an inlet (11) and an outlet (12) outside the space (3), and a first set (5) of electric radiant heating elements (20) disposed within the space (3), the first set (5) comprising electric radiant heating elements (20) disposed between the first row (4) and the second row (14) of tubes (10).

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastics via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

A plasma or ionic reactor or gasifier implements an ultra-high temperature ionic gasification process that can be used in an environmentally friendly manner to dispose of dried biosolids from, for example, wastewater treatment plants as well other waste feed stocks such as municipal solid waste (MSW) to produce, for example, renewable syngas that can be used to provide heat, power, renewable fuels, renewable hydrogen, and / or renewable chemical production. The systems described herein do so by generating electrical arcs across the interior of the gasifier reaction chamber creating a localized, controlled temperature in excess of 3000 C along with ionic gas or particles (plasma). This ultra-high temperature gasification zone and active ionic environment combine to very effectively and efficiently break down molecules into their constituent atoms, in a process called complete molecular dissociation. This ultra-high temperature ionic zone will also rapidly decompose impurities in the feed stock such as microplastics, PFAS (Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances), and other fluorocarbon materials.