943results about "Pyrolysis reactions" patented technology

Disclosed herein are methods for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the methods include directing the plastic feedstock into an internal volume of a reactor vessel, and pyrolyzing the plastic feedstock in the internal volume of the reactor vessel.

Disclosed herein are reactors for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the reactors include a reactor vessel, and one or more heaters configured for heating the feedstock in the reactor vessel's internal volume.

Disclosed herein are reactors for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the reactors include a reactor vessel, and one or more heaters configured for heating the feedstock in the reactor vessel's internal volume.

A thermochemical system and method for thermochemical decomposition of a hydrocarbon feedstock such as methane or natural gas within an insulated volume where the important elements of the thermochemical system are located within the insulated volume. The insulated volume contains a heater and a thermal energy storage medium in thermal communication with the heater such that it is heated by the heater and stores the thermal energy it receives by a heat storage process. The thermal energy storage medium is also configured to release the thermal energy that it stored in the form of a released heat. The insulated volume also contains a hydrocarbon pyrolysis reactor thermally coupled with the thermal energy storage medium to receive the released heat and use it for driving pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce pyrolysis products containing primarily hydrogen and a solid carbon product. Pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon feedstock is driven at a high temperature, such as between 700 ° C and 2, 000 ° C.

Disclosed herein are reactors for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the reactors include a reactor vessel for receiving and pyrolyzing the plastic feedstock, and one or more heaters for heating the feedstock in the reactor vessel's internal volume.

Disclosed herein are methods for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the methods include directing the plastic feedstock into an internal volume of a reactor vessel, and pyrolyzing the plastic feedstock in the internal volume of the reactor vessel.

An integrated system for converting hydrocarbons gases to solid carbon and hydrogen products includes a pyrolysis reactor comprising a bed of particulates disposed in a reactor vessel, a heating section in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor, a separator system in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor through the product gas outlet, and a heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the reaction product gases exiting the pyrolysis reactor. The bed of particulates comprises catalyst particles, solid carbon, and inert media. The heating section is configured to heat the inert media in a hot gas stream and lift the heated inert media to the top of the heating section to return the heated inert media through the top inert media inlet, and the separator system is configured to separate any particulates in a product gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor.

Systems and methods for producing green hydrogen from a source material (e.g., biowaste) are contemplated. The source material is at least partially dehydrated to produce a dried intermediate and recovered water. The dried intermediate is pyrolyzed to produce syngas and a char. The recovered water is electrolyzed to produce oxygen and green hydrogen.

The invention relates to the technical field of temperature monitoring, and discloses a temperature monitoring method of a device for preparing biochar by using a Fresnel lens system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting temperature monitoring data in a reaction cylinder, carrying out the abnormal point elimination, sampling consistency correction and sliding smoothing, and generating a temperature trend sequence; dividing the data into a heating section, a stable section and a fluctuation section according to trend change, extracting and constructing a corresponding sample set, and counting a sample proportion to judge a temperature control state; calling historical temperature trajectories to carry out feature comparison, judging whether trend deviation exists or not, and if so, screening similar trajectories to construct a reference trajectory library and a temperature correction parameter set; and adjusting the current trend sequence based on the correction parameters, and outputting a carbonization preparation completion instruction when temperature, time and fluctuation conditions are met. According to the invention, by introducing a multi-stage sample division and trend track comparison mechanism, real-time monitoring and dynamic correction of the temperature control process are realized.

The invention provides a process system and a process method for recycling a hexafluoropropylene oxide byproduct high-boiling residue, and relates to the field of fine fluorine chemical industry. The process system comprises a heat exchange device, a tubular pyrolysis reaction device, a carbonyl fluoride-trifluoroacetyl fluoride separation tower, a tubular cracking reaction device, a water washing device and an alkali washing device. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the industrial-grade carbonyl fluoride and trifluoroacetyl fluoride are prepared by catalytically pyrolyzing the hexafluoropropylene oxide by-product high-boiling residue; furthermore, a byproduct high-boiling residue of hexafluoropropylene oxide is subjected to complete catalytic cracking to obtain carbonyl fluoride, and a byproduct industrial hydrofluoric acid can be obtained. According to the process system and the process method, the hexafluoropropylene oxide byproduct is recycled into carbonyl fluoride, trifluoroacetyl fluoride and industrial hydrofluoric acid with high added values, harmlessness and recycling of the hexafluoropropylene oxide byproduct high-boiling residues are achieved, the utilization rate of fluorine atoms is 100%, and the process method is mild in reaction condition, economical and environmentally friendly.

A rotary bladed apparatus (100) for processing feedstocks in a process fluid is provided, said apparatus comprises means for adjusting position of a working blade cascade of the rotor (3) relative to stator components (2, 4) in a longitudinal direction of a rotor shaft (1). Adjustment is performed through axial displacement of the rotor (3) or, alternatively, through axial displacement of the reactor housing (22 A, 32A). A method for improving process efficiency and for regulating flow losses during processing of feedstocks in a process fluid, in particular, in off-design conditions in the bladed apparatus (100) is further provided. In embodiments, processing of feedstocks includes thermal- or thermochemical cracking of hydrocarbon-containing feedstock.

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastics via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

The invention aims to provide a solid hydrogen storage hydrogen closed cycle hydrogen source generator for an underwater vehicle, which belongs to the field of dehydrogenation devices and comprises a reactor, a pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, a hydrogen storage material delivery pump, a solid hydrogen storage material storage unit, a solid hydrogen storage material spraying device, a product collecting device and a hydrogen storage unit. The hydrogen storage material conveying pump is connected with the pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, the solid hydrogen storage material storage unit and the solid hydrogen storage material spraying device, the hydrogen storage unit is connected with the pressure stabilizing common rail pipe, and the reactor is connected with the hydrogen storage unit. The solid hydrogen storage material is used for releasing hydrogen, one part of hydrogen is conveyed to the fuel cell to react for power output of the underwater vehicle, the other part of circulating hydrogen assists the hydrogen storage material in injection, and an underwater closed circulation mode suitable for the underwater vehicle is achieved. The solid hydrogen storage material conveying module and the circulating hydrogen supply module are matched, and rapid mixing of the solid hydrogen storage material and hydrogen and large-flow injection of the solid hydrogen storage material are achieved.

The invention discloses a cracking furnace intelligent optimization system control method and system architecture, and belongs to the cracking furnace application field, and the cracking furnace intelligent optimization system control method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting cracking furnace operation time sequence characteristic data and flame combustion video data in real time through a sensor and a high temperature camera; s2, preprocessing the collected multi-modal data, S3, integrating the preprocessed multi-modal data by using federal learning, and constructing a cross-modal causal logic model; s4, designing a deep reinforcement learning framework, introducing the dynamic prediction model of the cracking furnace, and reasoning the recommendation range of each parameter of the optimized operation of the cracking furnace; s5, dynamic process data and the environment-friendly emission prediction model are combined, a data-driven MPC algorithm framework is adopted, and dynamic optimization control over the cracking furnace is achieved; and S6, the operator performs adjustment or selects emergency operation according to the recommended parameters and strategies to realize man-machine cooperative control. Finally, the dynamic optimization control of the cracking furnace can be realized, and the energy consumption is effectively reduced.

Ammonia, methanol, Fischer Tropsch products, and derivatives thereof are made by using hydrogen and oxygen supplied from an electrolyzer that is at least partially powered by renewable power, resulting in green process and systems that produce green products disclosed herein. A process using biomass and renewable energy includes producing an unshifted syngas from biomass and oxygen in a gasification unit, introducing water into an electrolyzer to produce an oxygen product and a hydrogen product, and introducing the oxygen product to the gasification unit. The electrolyzer is powered by renewable energy, and the oxygen product supplies at least a portion of the oxygen to the gasification unit.

Systems and methods for heating feedstock, thermal decomposition of feedstock, and chemically activated chemical reaction of feedstock by indirectly heating the feedstock with a volume of joule heated electrically conductive powder that heats the feedstock, wherein the feedstock can be gas, liquid, or solid. The embodiments disclosed herein further relate to systems and methods for joule heating induced pyrolysis or thermal decomposition of feedstock, including methane or other hydrocarbons to produce, for example, hydrogen and / or various carbon materials that are collected.

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastics via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

A mixture of a fuel and an oxidant is flowed into a rotating detonation engine defining a longitudinal axis and having an outer body and an inner body spaced from the outer body to thereby define an annular combustion chamber. The fuel is combusted in the presence of the oxidant in the annular combustion chamber so as to generate a detonation wave that rotates in the combustion chamber around the longitudinal axis and produces one or more combustion products that flow out of the rotating detonation engine. The one or more combustion products are mixed with a feedstock so as to decompose the feedstock.

The invention provides an electro / thermochemical gradient hydrogen production system and method for solar radiation energy grading and residual light energy thermal complementary coupling. The system comprises a light condensation assembly; the frequency division assembly is used for grading solar spectrum radiation; a photovoltaic cell power generation device; the methane oxygen-enriched combustion high-temperature photovoltaic power generation device is used for realizing oxygen-enriched combustion of natural gas by utilizing residual heat heat energy and generating power by utilizing radiation energy generated by high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion; the solid oxide electrolytic tank device is used for pushing solid oxide to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen by utilizing heat energy and electric energy contained in the high-temperature flue gas step by step; and the thermal chemical reaction device is used for promoting each step of thermal chemical reaction by utilizing heat energy and electric energy contained in the high-temperature flue gas step by step. The energy source of the system is solar radiation and natural gas, hydrogen and electricity are produced, the system utilizes different energy conversion modes to achieve temperature gradient ordered conversion and utilization of residual light energy after solar frequency division, and complementary coupling of different qualities is achieved on the basis of energy gradient conversion.

The disclosure relates to the purification and treatment of oil produced from the liquefaction of waste polymer like for instance the pyrolysis of waste plastic via the polymerization of dienes prior to further treatments.

Disclosed herein are systems for pyrolyzing plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and / or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the systems include one or more energy transfer apparatuses configured for receiving the plastic feedstock and applying energy to the plastic feedstock.

The invention relates to an oxidation reactor for partial oxidation of a feed stream with an oxygen-containing oxidant stream to give a hydrogen-containing product stream. This partial oxidation may be conducted as a noncatalytic partial oxidation (POX) or as an autothermal reforming (ATR). Useful feed streams here include hydrocarbonaceous streams, but also ammonia-containing streams. According to the invention, the oxidation reactor is equipped with multiple cooling zones surrounding the reactor shell. As a result, operation of the oxidation reactor can continue if, for example, merely an inspection or repair at a particular point in the reactor shell is required. Operation of the oxidation reactor can continue over the duration of the inspection or repair measures, such that production shutdowns are avoided.

This invention relates to the processing of plastics materials for re-use and valorisation in chemical recycling processes for the re-use of substantially plastics materials otherwise destined for disposal.In particular the invention relates to a process for the pyrolysis of substantially plastics material to obtain at least liquid hydrocarbons that are in the liquid state at 25° C. comprising the following steps:a) feeding the substantially plastics material optionally already in the molten and / or preheated state to a pyrolysis reactor;b) bringing said material in said pyrolysis reactor to a temperature of between 330° C. and 580° C. in the substantial absence of oxygen and at a pressure of between atmospheric pressure and 13 bar (a);c) holding said material in said pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of between 330° C. and 580° C. for a time sufficient to produce at least one effluent in the gaseous state in said pyrolysis reactor;d) adjusting the pressure in said pyrolysis reactor in relation to characteristic parameters defined by the composition of said substantially plastics material and / or characteristic parameters defined by the products of said pyrolysis process, while maintaining said pressure at a value of between atmospheric pressure and 13 bar (a);e) partly or totally condensing said effluent in the gaseous state so as to form at least one fluid comprising liquid hydrocarbons that are in the liquid state at 25° C. which quantitatively is at least 10% by mass with respect to the mass of substantially plastics material fed;f) the process being characterized by the fact that the pressure adjustment of step d) has low latency.

A biochar production system includes a reactor body, a central rod disposed within the reactor body, a leveling arm extending from the central rod and configured to rotate about the central rod, and a bed level sensor system. The bed level sensor system includes a float configured to move from a resting position on a biomass in the reactor to an ending position upon contact with the leveling arm, and a level sensor coupled to the float via a connector. The level sensor is configured to correspondingly move with the float. A controller is configured to detect bed levels of the biomass within the reactor body, and determine a plurality of sample readings based on the detected bed levels.

A reactor including a vertically oriented vessel with a gas inlet port, a distributor, a feedstock port, and a microwave generator. The reactor is designed to process a carbon feedstock to produce hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, utilizing a fluidized bed provided with microwave energy. Also disclosed are methods of converting a carbon feedstock, particularly a solid carbon feedstock, into hydrogen gas and a hydrogen deficient carbon product, preferably including carbon nanotubes.

1. A method and reactor assembly for producing hydrocarbon oils by pyrolysis from a first plastic feedstock, comprising: optionally combining the plastic feedstock with a second feedstock selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock selected from crumb rubber and wood chunks, the second feedstock constituting more than 15% by weight of the combined feedstocks; adding a catalyst to the combined feedstocks to form a reaction composition; feeding the reaction composition through an airlock valve (7) to an auger pyrolysis reactor comprising at least two auger reactors (1a, 1b) heated to a temperature in the range of 450-550°C; distributing oil vapors and non-condensable vapors from the auger reactors (1a, 1b) to a condenser; and condensing heavy and light oil fractions from the vapors in two stages.

A system and method for production of hydrogen from natural gas using a solar powered system are provided. An exemplary solar powered system includes a feed stream including methane and a solar concentrator reactor (SCR) to form hydrogen from the feed stream by pyrolysis. The SCR includes a rotating tubular reactor, a solar absorber material disposed on the rotating tubular reactor, a solar concentrator to focus sunlight on the rotating tubular reactor, and a gas-solid filtration unit to separate solid carbon from the hydrogen. The solar powered system includes a storage tank to hold the hydrogen.

The invention relates to a dry distillation extraction method of a Chinese hawthorn seed extracting solution for treating HPV (human papillomavirus), which is applied to the field of Chinese hawthorn seed processing, the Chinese hawthorn seed extracting solution is extracted by using a dry distillation method, the yield of the extracting solution is effectively improved, and a high-temperature-resistant telescopic column drives a material receiving unit to move up and down; bottom-holding type overturning is carried out on hawthorn kernels in the dry distillation stage in cooperation with the rotating action of the material holding unit, the hawthorn kernels can be evenly heated, then the yield is effectively increased, the situation that the hawthorn kernels with the bottoms close to a heat source are excessively heated, and ineffective components are generated is avoided, bottom-holding type overturning work on the hawthorn kernels is gentle, and the practicability is high. According to the invention, a large amount of dust is not generated due to crushing of the hawthorn kernels, the purifying workload of the extracting solution is effectively reduced, in addition, the hawthorn kernels can be preheated by utilizing the expandability of the material receiving unit, and the production efficiency is effectively improved while the energy consumption is saved.

The invention relates to a multi-source heat carrier heat transfer coal pyrolysis reaction device, and relates to the technical field of multi-heat source complementary coal pyrolysis and gasification. Comprising a reactor, a spiral feeder, a solid product collector and a heat storage cavity, the interior of the reactor is divided into a pyrolysis cavity and a heat supply cavity through a steel plate; the spiral feeder is connected with the top of the pyrolysis cavity through a conveying pipe, and the solid product collector is connected with the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity through a pneumatic knife gate valve; and the pyrolysis cavity is connected with the bottom of the heat storage cavity through a pneumatic knife gate valve. The function that the reactor adapts to multi-source heat sources and high heat transfer flux is achieved through circular flowing of the high-temperature heat carrier; the heat transfer efficiency of the reactor can be effectively improved by regulating and controlling the heat transfer characteristic and the flowing state of the high-temperature heat carrier, and the pyrolytic reaction rate is increased.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for preparing ethylene from chlorine-containing organic waste. According to the method, the efficient and environment-friendly thermal plasma technology is adopted, the chlorine-containing organic waste is treated by using the gas containing the hydrogen element and the carbon element as the working gas and converted into high-value chemicals such as ethylene and acetylene, and resourceful treatment of the chlorine-containing organic waste is achieved. The working gas can provide a hydrogen-rich reaction atmosphere on one hand, and provides a carbon source on the other hand, so that the yield of ethylene and acetylene is increased. Meanwhile, by adopting a graded quenching technology and regulating and controlling the quenching rates in different temperature ranges in the quenching process, the selectivity and yield of ethylene are greatly improved, the problem that the yield of ethylene in the pyrolysis gas-phase product in the prior art is not high is solved, and effective regulation and control of the composition of the chlorine-containing organic waste pyrolysis gas-phase product are realized.