The invention discloses a system for simulating and training the program control of an air traffic control. The system comprises a simulation server, a comprehensive application server, a switchboard, a technology monitoring position, a training master control position, at least one training unit, an inner telephone and a display device. By using the system disclosed by the invention, the control on-duty environment can be realistically simulated, the united simulation training of an area, a zone and an airport can be realized, the working procedure of each link of the program control can be fully trained, the control process can be comprehensively understood by a control person, and the control program can be comprehensively mastered by the control person. According to the system disclosed by the invention, a network adopts a hierarchical design, the network design is simplified, the detection and the removing of primary fault are realized; and a dual-network design of a voice network and a data network is adopted, the training command transmission is reliable, the data traffic of the data network is simultaneously reduced to a large extent, and the low-delay and less-vibration performance of voice transmission is solved by the independent voice network. The invention also provides a training method of a single training mode, a control on-duty mode and a united control on-duty mode of the system for simulating and training the program control of the air traffic control.