The invention relates to an intelligent multi-core cable harness detection device. The device consists of a programmable power supply, an intelligent multi-channel switch, a current-limiting resistor network, a multi-core converter, a current sampling module, an analog multiplexer, a single-chip, a computer and detection software. The device can automatically analyze short-circuit performance, open-circuit performance and conduction performance of a multi-core cable harness. A harness system state is determined through a harness performance testing matrix graphical detection result and by comparing the result with a pre-stored standard, and different fault types are indicated by colors; and meanwhile, a fault alarm can be sent by an alarm device with sound and changing light. The device has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, high testing efficiency, high system extensibility and the like, and can be directly used for development of harness-related products, quality control and performance detection.