The application discloses an optical receiving
system of doppler
wind lidar (DWL). According to the invention, two independent optical paths are employed; a fraction of lights, which are ejected by a
laser, are collected by a first coupler; and the collected lights pass optical elements including a spectroscope and a reflective mirror and the like and then penetrate into a locking channel of a Fabry-Perot (FP) etalon;
atmosphere backward dispersion lights are collected by a second coupler; the collected
atmosphere backward dispersion lights pass the optical elements including the spectroscope and the reflective mirror and the like and then penetrate into two
signal channels of the FP etalon. Because the optical signals of the locked channel is dispersion lights from a light-emitting window of the
laser, so that optical light loss of
signal channels is reduced. Moreover, the intensity of the portion of the dispersion lights is larger than the intensity of the
atmosphere backward dispersion lights, so that a frequency locking efficiency is improved and a
measurement precision of an atmospheric
wind field can also be enhanced. Meanwhile, a
caliber of the locking channel of the FP etalon can be reduced, so that
processing cost of the FP etalon is substantially reduced; besides, the
optical path system is simple, which is favor of adjustment of the
optical path.