1642 results about "Beam shape" patented technology

A plasma processing apparatus includes a beam-shaped spacer 7 which is placed at an upper opening of a chamber 3 opposed to a substrate 2 to support a dielectric plate 8. The dielectric plate 8 is supported by the beam-shaped spacer 7. In the beam-shaped spacer 7 are provided a plurality of process gas introducing ports 31, 36 which have a depression angle θd and which are provided downward and directed toward the substrate 2, as well as a plurality of rare gas introducing ports 41 having a elevation angle θe directed toward the dielectric plate 8. Improvement of processing rates such as etching rate as well as effective suppression of wear of the dielectric plate 8 can be achieved.

An optical illuminator using Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) is disclosed. Optical modules configured using single VCSEL and VCSEL arrays bonded to a thermal submount to conduct heat away from the VCSEL array, are suited for high power and high speed operation. High speed optical modules are configured using single VCSEL or VCSEL arrays connected to a high speed electronic module on a common thermal submount or on a common Printed Circuit Board (PCB) platform including transmission lines. The electronic module provides low inductance current drive and control functions to operate the VCSEL and VCSEL array. VCSEL apertures are designed for a desired beam shape. Additional beam shaping elements are provided for VCSELs or VCSEL arrays, for desired output beam shapes and/or emission patterns. VCSEL arrays may be operated in continuous wave (CW) or pulse operation modes in a programmable fashion using a built-in or an external controller.

A laser depilator comprising a unit for removing hairs from the skin, a light source for irradiating laser light, and a lens for irradiating the skin with the laser light irradiated from the light source while deforming the beam shape so as to conform to the shape of a region of the skin from which hairs are removed by the hair removing unit. Since removal of hairs shielding the laser light and irradiation of laser light for damaging hair roots can be carried out continuously, efficiency of depilation treatment can be enhanced. Furthermore, depilation can be carried out effectively through a simple arrangement because a shaved skin surface can be irradiated with laser light over a relatively wide range using a lens.

The present invention introduces a new class of thin doubly collimating light distributing engines for use in a variety of general lighting applications, especially those benefiting from thinness. Output illumination from these slim-profile illumination systems whether square, rectangular or circular in physical aperture shape is directional, square, rectangular or circular in beam cross-section, and spatially uniform and sharply cutoff outside the system's adjustable far-field angular cone. Field coverage extends from +/−5- to +/−60-degrees and more in each meridian, including all asymmetric combinations in between, both by internal design, by addition of angle spreading film sheets, and angular tilts. Engine brightness is held to safe levels by expanding the size of the engine's output-aperture without sacrifice in the directionality of illumination. One form of the present invention has a single input light emitter, a square output aperture and the capacity to supply hundreds of lumens per engine. A second multi-segment form of the invention deploys one light emitter in each engine segment, so that total output lumens is determined by the number of segments. Both types of thin light distributing engines provide input light collimated in one meridian and a light distributing element that maintains input collimation while collimating output light in the un-collimated orthogonal meridian, in such a manner that the system's far-field output light is collimated in both its orthogonal output meridians. The present invention also includes especially structured optical films that process the engine's doubly collimated output illumination so as to increase its angular extent one or both output meridians without changing beam shape or uniformity.

Methods and systems of operating a support structure and beam shaping mechanism in a manner that compensates for motion patterns exhibited by a patient, promotes comfort of the patient, and optimizes accuracy of delivery of radiotherapy to a targeted location within the patient. The support structure can be a treatment table or couch and the beam shaping mechanism can be a multi-leaf collimator (MLC), and/or an MLC-bank/-carriage. The control system can utilize algorithms for predicting tumor motion and loading condition on the table/couch during radiation therapy.

Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). A wireless communications system may improve UE discovery latency by dynamically selecting and switching beam forming codebooks at the millimeter wave base station and the wireless device. Selecting an optimal beam forming codebook may allow the wireless communication system to improve link margins between the base station without compromising resources. In some examples, a wireless device may determine whether the received signals from the millimeter wave base station satisfy established signal to noise (SNR) thresholds, and select an optimal beam codebook to establish communication. Additionally or alternately, the wireless device may further signal the selected beam codebook to the millimeter wave base station and direct the millimeter wave base station to adjust its codebook based on the selection.

Disclosed is a beam identification method in a MIMO beam forming communications system. The method comprises: a base station sending multiple beam training signals to a terminal, each beam training signal corresponding to one beam, and each beam covering a different direction; the terminal detecting the beam training signals, determining a selected beam according to a result of the detection, and feeding back information indicating the selected beam to the base station; the base station determining, according to the information indicating the selected beam fed back by the terminal, a beam used for sending data information. Also disclosed are a related beam identification device and system in a MIMO beam shaping communications system.

Disclosed herein is a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lens for a backlight. The LED lens includes an LED light source, a lens body, and a beam shaping element. The lens body is configured such that the LED light source is accommodated in the lower portion thereof, and light emitted from the LED light source is radiated in vertical and lateral directions of the lens body. The beam shaping element is fastened to the top of the lens body and is configured to adjust light beams radiated through the upper surface of the lens body. Accordingly, the uniformity of luminance and color can be increased and, at the same time, the overall performance of the system can be improved.

This invention provides a beam light source which enables a light guide plate for receiving light to have a smooth end surface. A light emitting surface of the beam-shaped light guide for dispersing and emitting light emitted from a point light source in a form of beam light faces to a channel bottom surface as a scattering reflecting surface of a reflecting member. The light emitted from the light emitting surface is irregularly reflected on the channel bottom surface of the reflecting member so as to make viewing angle characteristics uniform. The light having the uniform viewing angle characteristics is transmitted from the light emitting surface of the beam-shaped light guide through a side surface opposite to the light emitting surface, and is emitted from another side surface opposite to the above side surface.

The present disclosure provides an antenna array (1) for relaying radio signals into a cell (10) of a communication network (500). The antenna array (1) comprises a plurality of uplink beam forming vectors (20u) selectable as an uplink beam shape for an uplink relaying and a plurality of downlink beam forming vectors (20d) selectable as a down link beam shape for a down link relaying. The plurality of uplink beam forming vectors (20u) and/or the plurality of the downlink beam forming vectors (20d) may be adjusted at a digital radio interface and forwarded from the digital radio interface to the antenna array (1). An individual one (22u) of the plurality of uplink beam forming vectors (20u) and an individual one (22d) of the plurality of downlink beam forming vectors (20d) are independently selectable using a local knowledge (60) about the cell 10. The present disclosure further provides a communication network (500) comprising a plurality of the antenna arrays (1-1, 1-2, . . . , 1-N) for relaying radio signals into the communication network (500). The communication network (500) further comprises a network playing system (200) adapted to independently select an individual one (22u-1, 22u-2, . . . , 22u-N) of the plurality of uplink beam forming vectors (20u-1, 20u-2, . . . , 20u-N) and an individual one (22d-1, 22d-2, . . . , 22d-N) of the plurality of downlink beam forming vectors (20d-1, 20d-2, . . . , 20d-N) for at least one of the antenna arrays (1-1, 1-2, . . . , 1-N) using a local knowledge (600) about the communication network (500). The present disclosure further provides a method for relaying radio signals into a cell (10) of the communication network (500), a method (2000) for planning the communication network (500), and a method (5000) for relaying radio signals into cells (10-1, 10-2, . . . , 10-N) of the communication network (500); all methods (1000, 2000, 5000) using a local knowledge (600) about the network (500) and or a local knowledge (60-1, 60-2, . . . , 60-N) about the cells (10-1, 10-2, 10-3 . . . , 10-N).

A beam shaping device (1; 31) comprising first (3; 33) and second (4; 37) optically transparent substrates, a liquid crystal layer (2; 36) sandwiched there between, and first (5; 34) and second (6; 35) electrodes arranged on a side of the liquid crystal layer (2; 36) facing the first substrate (3; 34). The beam shaping device (1; 31) is controllable between beam-shaping states, each permitting passage of light through the beam-shaping device in a direction perpendicular thereto. The beam shaping device (1; 31) is configured in such a way that application of a voltage (V) across the first (5; 34) and second (6; 35) electrodes results in an electric field having a portion essentially parallel to the liquid crystal layer (2; 36) in a segment thereof between neighboring portions of the electrodes (5, 6; 34; 35) and extending substantially from the first substrate (3; 34) to the second (4; 35) substrate. In this way a relatively high refractive index gradient can be obtained across short distances, which enables a very efficient beam shaping. The electric field can be achieved by utilizing electrodes provided on one side of the liquid crystal layer, in a so-called in-plane configuration. The device can be used in an autostereoscopic display device, for switching between 2D and 3D modes.

Method and apparatus for forming an optical-fiber-array assembly, which include providing a plurality of optical fibers including a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, providing a fiber-array plate that includes a first surface and a second surface, connecting the plurality of optical fibers to the first surface of the fiber-array plate, transmitting a plurality of optical signals through the optical fibers into the fiber-array plate at the first surface of the fiber-array plate, and emitting from the second surface of the fiber-array plate a composite output beam having light from the plurality of optical signals. Optionally, the first surface of the fiber-array plate includes indicia configured to assist in the alignment of the plurality of optical fibers on the first surface of the fiber-array plate. In some embodiments, the second surface of the fiber-array plate includes a plurality of beam-shaping optics configured to shape the composite output beam.

The present invention relates to a beam reshaping device for a plane array semiconductor laser. The device includes a fast axis collimating lens, a slow axis collimating lens, a ladder lens, a first parallelepiped prism unit, and a second parallelepiped prism unit. The beam emitted by the plane array semiconductor laser passes through the fast axis collimating lens and the slow axis collimating lens, and lowers the divergence angle of the fast axis and the divergence angle of the slow axis. The irradiance interspace between bars can be eliminated by the ladder lens and can be compressed in the direction of the fast axis. Finally, part of beam can be moved parallel along the fast axis direction by the first parallelepiped prism unit and the second parallelepiped prism unit, and then be moved along the slow axis direction. Through the above process, the beam is realigned, and the purpose that the quality of the fast axis beam and the quality of the slow axis beam tend to be coincident is reached. The realigned beam can get high-power high-brightness facula after being focused. The optical apparatus used in the present invention is easy to be produced and convenient to be adjusted with simple structure.

The invention relates to an active phased array antenna adopting the passive loading way to control sidelobe level, which is characterized in that the array surface of the active phased array antenna is jointly constituted by active loading units and passive loading units, and the passive loading units are positioned on the periphery of the active loading units; each active loading unit channel is controlled by an independent vector modulator and a low-noise amplifier, and each vector modulator simultaneously controls the amplitude and the phase of a feed source, thereby further changing the amplitude and the phase of surface current of the antenna units, and finally controlling the scanning angel of a wave beam and inhibiting the sidelobe level of the wave beam, wherein the active phasedarray transmitting antenna comprises 64 radiating units, the excitation way through a coaxial connector is adopted, the scanning of the spatial wave beam is realized by changing the phase distribution of the antenna on the pore diameter, and the required wave beam shape is obtained by changing the amplitude of the surface current on each radiation unit. The mutual coupling among array elements isutilized, thereby reducing the sidelobe level of the antenna in the pitching direction by 5dB in comparison with square fully array caliber feed on the basis of reducing the cost of the feed source.

A structure using integrated optical elements is comprised of a substrate, a buffer layer grown on the substrate, one or more first patterned layers deposited on top of the buffer layer, wherein each of the first patterned layers is comprised of a bottom lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) mask layer and a LEO nitride layer filling holes in the bottom LEO mask layer, one or more active layers formed on the first patterned layers, and one or more second patterned layers deposited on top of the active layer, wherein each of the second patterned layers is comprised of a top LEO mask layer and a LEO nitride layer filling holes in the top LEO mask layer, wherein the top and/or bottom LEO mask layers act as a mirror, optical confinement layer, grating, wavelength selective element, beam shaping element or beam directing element for the active layers.