836results about How to "Effective limit" patented technology

There is disclosed a plasma reactor for processing a semiconductor workpiece such as a wafer, including a chamber having an overhead ceiling with a three-dimensional shape such as a hemisphere or dome. The reactor further includes an inductive antenna over the ceiling which may be conformal or nonconformal in shape with the ceiling. The ceiling may be a semiconductor material so that it can function as both a window for the inductive field of the antenna as well as an electrode which can be grounded, or to which RF power may be applied or which may be allowed to float electrically. The reactor includes various features which allow the radial distribution of the plasma ion density across the wafer surface to be adjusted to an optimum distribution for processing uniformity across the wafer surface.

A system and a method are disclosed for dynamically analyzing software, some of whose potentially-important behaviors (such as worm-like behavior) may only be displayed when the software is executed in an environment where it has, or appears to have, access to a production network and/or to the global Internet. The software can be executed in a real or an emulated network environment that includes a monitoring component and an emulation component. The monitoring component serves to capture and/or record the behaviors displayed by the software and/or other components of the system, and the emulation component gives the software being analyzed the impression that it is executing with access to a production network and/or to the global Internet. The software being analyzed is effectively confined to the analysis network environment, and cannot in fact read information from, or alter any information on, any production network or the global Internet.

A lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters, with peak wavelength from 430 nm to 480 nm, and optionally a second group with dominant wavelength from 600 nm to 630 nm, and a first group of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.48), (0.43, 0.45), (0.42, 0.42), (0.36, 0.38). Also provided is a method of lighting.

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm, and first and second groups of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would have a correlated color temperature which differs by at least 50 K from a correlated color temperature which would be emitted by a combination of (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of emitters, and (4) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of lumiphors.

A lighting device comprising first, second and third groups of solid state light emitters, and first and second groups of lumiphors. A mixture of light emitted from the first group of emitters and the first group of lumiphors has x,y color coordinates within an area defined by coordinates (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.5125,0.4866), and (0.4087,0.5896) (or (0.41,0.455), (0.36,0.48), (0.4087,0.5896), and (0.4788,0.5202)). A mixture of light emitted from the second group of emitters and the second group of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.30,0.26), and (0.25,0.29). A mixture of light from the first and second groups of emitters and the first and second groups of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.42,0.42), and (0.36,0.38) (or (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.41,0.455), and (0.36,0.48)). A mixture of light from all of these emitters and lumiphors is within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, methods of lighting.

There is provided a lighting device that comprises at least one 600-630 nm solid state light emitter and at least one light source emitting light within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by a first set of points having x, y coordinates of (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.48), (0.43, 0.45), (0.42, 0.42), (0.36, 0.38), or a second set of points having x, y coordinates of (0.29, 0.36), (0.32, 0.35), (0.41, 0.43), (0.44, 0.49), (0.38, 0.53). Some embodiments further comprise at least a first power line. Also provided are methods that comprise illuminating at least one light source to emit light within one of the areas defined above, and illuminating at least one 600-630 nm emitter.

A lighting device comprising one or more solid state light emitters which emit near ultraviolet light and one or more lumiphors which emit light having a wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm, which in the absence of other light would produce a mixture of light within an area defined by x, y coordinates (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.48), (0.43, 0.45), (0.42, 0.42), and (0.36, 0.38). The lighting device may further comprise one or more 600 nm to 630 nm light emitters, and a mixture of light emitted from the lighting device may be within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, packaged solid state light emitters and methods of lighting.

Disclosed is a light guiding valve apparatus comprising an optical valve, a two dimensional light source array and a focusing optic for providing large area collimated illumination from localized light sources. A stepped waveguide may be a stepped structure, in which the steps may be extraction features optically hidden to guided light, propagating in a first forward direction. Returning light propagating in a second backward direction may be refracted, diffracted, or reflected by the features to provide discrete illumination beams exiting from the top surface of the waveguide. A two dimensional array of viewing windows may be produced. Such controlled illumination may provide for efficient, multi-user autostereoscopic displays with wide viewing freedom and low cross talk and near-eye displays that are substantially transparent.

Methods and apparatus for the endoluminal revision of previously performed obesity procedures which have failed are described. One or more endoluminal instruments may be advanced per-orally into the previously formed failed pouch where a number of different procedures can be performed. One or more tissue folds can be formed and secured to reduce the size of the pouch, or the stoma connecting the pouch to the intestinal tract can be reduced in size using endoluminally deployed tissue anchors. These procedures can be performed entirely from within the pouch lumen or upon the exterior surface of the pouch via transgastric entry of the instruments into the peritoneal cavity of a patient. Alternatively, the interior tissue within the pouch can be injured or sclerosed to shrink the pouch lumen. In another alterative, a length of the Roux limb can be shortened endoluminally to create a malabsorptive region.

An aircraft rear position light device (1) has a modular configuration. The device utilizes solid-state light sources. In an exemplary embodiment, the light sources are side-emitting light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (40), which are attached to a heat sink (30). A reflector (200) is positioned next to each of the LEDs. The device further includes an outer lens (10) with an integrated cut-off shield (110) and optical treatments (120). The configuration of LEDs and reflectors, in conjunction with the cut-off shield and optical treatments, allows the emitted light to satisfy predetermined minimum and maximum angular intensity requirements. An electronics module (50) is also attached to the heat sink to connect the LEDs to a power source in the aircraft. Electronic updates may be made by replacing the electronics module.

A plasma reactor for processing a workpiece includes a reactor enclosure defining a processing chamber, a base within the chamber for supporting the workpiece during processing thereof, a semiconductor window electrode overlying the base, a gas inlet system for admitting a plasma precursor gas into the chamber, an electrical terminal coupled to the semiconductor window electrode, an inductive antenna adjacent one side of the semiconductor window electrode opposite the base for coupling power into the interior of said chamber through the semiconductor window electrode.

The present invention is related to a semiconductor device with group III-V channel and group IV source-drain and a method for manufacturing the same. Particularly, the energy level density and doping concentration of group III-V materials are increased by the heteroepitaxy of group III-V and group IV materials and the structural design of elements. The method comprises: preparing a substrate; depositing a dummy gate material layer on the substrate and defining a dummy gate from the dummy gate material layer by photolithography; performing doping by self-aligned ion implantation using the dummy gate as a mask and performing activation at high temperature, so as to form source-drain; removing the dummy gate; forming a recess in the substrate between the source-drain pair by etching; forming a channel-containing stacked element in the recess by epitaxy; and forming a gate on the channel-containing stacked element.

The present invention relates to diagnostic assays whereby the detection means is based on electrochemical reactions. This means that the label to be detected provides an electric signal. Preferred labels are enzymes giving such a signal. Provided is a flow cell whereby a solid phase is provided in a flow stream of the sample, in close proximity to a working electrode to detect any electrical signal. In a typical embodiment, a sample is mixed with molecule having specific binding affinity for an analyte of which the presence in the sample is to be detected, whereby said specific binding molecule is provided with a label. The conjugate of labelled specific binding molecule and analyte is then immobilized on the solid phase in the vicinity of the working electrode, the flow cell is rinsed with a solution and afterwards a substrate solution for the label (an enzyme) is provided upon which an electrical signal is generated and can be detected by the working electrode. The methods and devices of the present invention are particular useful for liquids which comprise many substances that may disturb measurement in conventional assays. The design of the flow cell allows for removal of said interfering substances before measurement. In a preferred embodiment at least part of the solid phase is provided in the form of magnetic beads. In this embodiment the solid phase can be mixed with the sample thereby creating a longer reaction time, a better sensitivity and a higher speed of the assay.

Systems and methods for enabling on-chip features via efuses. A system comprises an electronic fuse (Efuse) array (EFA) coupled to each features capability register (FCR) within an instantiated computational block. The EFA comprises a plurality of rows wherein programming an row comprises blowing one or more Efuses of the row. A valid row comprises programmed Efuses corresponding to one or more on-chip enabled features. The EFA is further configured to prevent enabling of disabled on-chip features from occurring subsequent to a predetermined point in time, such as the time of shipping the chip to the field for use by end-users, by establishing a particular default state for electronic fuses and rendering unusable any unprogrammed entries of the EFA. In one embodiment, some features correspond to on-chip hardware cryptographic acceleration. By preventing the ability to re-enable these features after shipping, it is possible to send semiconductor chips to foreign countries with only predetermined features enabled and no threat of disabled features being later enabled.

The present invention relates to methods for ligation. The invention provides novel reagents and methods for ligating an acyl donor compound with an acyl acceptor compound. Provided acyl donor compounds comprise a transamidase recognition sequence that allows ligation with a nucleophilic acyl acceptor in the presence of transamidase. The invention further provides kits comprising acyl donor compounds and optionally comprising other reagents for ligation.

The present invention relates to a text input device and a method for inputting text, and a computer program for performing the method. A text input device (200) is provided that comprises: a text prediction component for predicting candidate words in accordance with a current text context; a display screen (210) for displaying the predicted candidate words; a data entry device (220) having a navigation means (240) for selecting a direction to move a cursor on the display screen (210); and a processor receiving data from the data entry device (220) upon actuation of the navigation means (240). The processor arranges the candidate words on the display screen (210) in a spatial arrangement that reflects the selectable directions of the navigation means (240). The processor maps the currently displayed candidate words to the corresponding directions and selects a candidate word upon selection of a direction.

A view angle controlling sheet to be disposed between the light source and the liquid crystal panel of a liquid crystal display apparatus, wherein the view angle controlling sheet has lens parts having a trapezoidal cross sectional shape arranged by a predetermined interval and the wedge parts between the adjacent lens parts is filled with a light absorbing material such that the wedge part has the top end disposed to the observer side and the bottom surface to the light source side and a light reflection layer provided to at least the bottom surface part on the light source side of the wedge part and with the premise that the angle formed by the slant face portion of the wedge part and the normal of the light output plane is θ, θ is in a range of 3°≦θ≦15°.

A structure using integrated optical elements is comprised of a substrate, a buffer layer grown on the substrate, one or more first patterned layers deposited on top of the buffer layer, wherein each of the first patterned layers is comprised of a bottom lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) mask layer and a LEO nitride layer filling holes in the bottom LEO mask layer, one or more active layers formed on the first patterned layers, and one or more second patterned layers deposited on top of the active layer, wherein each of the second patterned layers is comprised of a top LEO mask layer and a LEO nitride layer filling holes in the top LEO mask layer, wherein the top and/or bottom LEO mask layers act as a mirror, optical confinement layer, grating, wavelength selective element, beam shaping element or beam directing element for the active layers.

A quick safety connection for the removable joining of pipes, comprising a male connector and a female element adapted to fit and to be locked inside one another. A controlled locking mechanism is adapted to immobilized the male connector axially in a position of connection, while at least one retention member is provided to immobilize the male connector, after release of the connector by said locking mechanism, in an intermediate position of discharge of the pipe connection. The locking mechanism and retention member are controlled by a sleeve sliding around the female element. Vents and safety stops are provided to limit the movement of the sleeve under the effect of the pressure prevailing due to the discharge of the connection in the intermediate position between the female element and the sleeve.

A tiled display having discrete luminous sources distributed over at least two adjacent flexible display tiles, each arranged to drive the discrete luminous sources on it when connected to a power supply and when receiving data and control signals; where the power, data and control signals are provided to the tiles trough conducting tracks formed on a carrier substrate, where at least one of the conducting tracks extends from one edge of the carrier substrate to the opposite edge of the carrier substrate.

In a vehicle air conditioner for heating a passenger compartment by a heater core and a heat pump cycle, when operation of a heat pump cycle is switched from a defrosting operation to a heating assist operation, a heating degree of the heater core is increased higher than a predetermined heating degree. Further, when the operation of the heat pump cycle is switched from the defrosting operation to the heating assist operation, an air outlet mode except for a defrosting mode for defrosting a windshield is set. Further, in the defrosting operation of the heat pump cycle, the temperature of an interior heat exchanger of the heat pump cycle is set higher.

The invention is embodied by a plasma reactor for processing a workpiece, including a reactor enclosure defining a processing chamber, a semiconductor window, a base within the chamber for supporting the workpiece during processing thereof, a gas inlet system for admitting a plasma precursor gas into the chamber, and an inductive antenna adjacent a side of the semiconductor window opposite the base for coupling power into the interior of the chamber through the semiconductor window electrode.