8218 results about "Flexible circuits" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of flexible circuit board production, in particular to a process optimization method and system for a flexible circuit board production line. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring characteristic data of a flexible circuit board material; executing a circuit board thermocuring action according to the material characteristic data of the flexible circuit board, performing thermal stress intensity evaluation, and generating stress hot spot distribution data; performing real-time curing temperature control feedback adjustment according to the stress hotspot distribution data to obtain circuit board curing effect evaluation data; detecting a real-time surface wettability index of the to-be-processed flexible circuit board in front of the laminating station; and fitting process parameter compensation is carried out based on the circuit board curing effect evaluation data and the real-time surface wettability index so as to realize curing-fitting process optimization of the flexible circuit board production line. According to the invention, intelligent optimization of the curing-laminating process of the flexible circuit board production line is realized, and the quality problems of uneven stress and overlarge deformation in the thermocuring-laminating process are effectively solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible circuits, and discloses an integrally formed multilayer flexible fabric circuit which comprises a main circuit I, a branch circuit I, a main circuit II and a branch circuit II according to functional layout classification, the main circuit I is connected with the branch circuit I, the main circuit II is connected with the branch circuit II, the main circuit I is not connected with the main circuit II, and the branch circuit II is connected with the branch circuit II. The branch circuit I is not connected with the branch circuit II; the main circuit I and the main circuit II define a [-shaped area, and the branch circuit I and the branch circuit II are both located in the area. According to composition and structure classification, the warp knitting fabric comprises an insulating warp knitting fabric, and a single conductive yarn a, a single conductive yarn b and a plurality of conductive yarns X which are simultaneously positioned inside the insulating warp knitting fabric; the conductive yarn a and the conductive yarn b are respectively weft yarns which are lined into the insulated warp knitting fabric from the left side and the right side. The fabric has the advantages of light weight, softness and breathability, is good in ductility, is integrally formed during weaving, and keeps the structural integrity and the yarn continuity.

The invention relates to the field of circuit board testing, in particular to a flexible circuit board testing method and system. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a high-definition detection image of a to-be-tested flexible circuit board; detail sharpening enhancement processing is carried out on the high-definition detection image, welding defect visual visualization processing is carried out, and welding defect visual feature data is generated; performing three-dimensional structure topology modeling on the high-definition detection image, and performing dynamic mapping rendering according to welding defect visual feature data to construct a three-dimensional defect rendering model; obtaining an operation monitoring log of the to-be-tested flexible circuit board; performing multi-scene operation simulation based on the operation monitoring log to obtain simulation monitoring data in different temperature scenes; and performing scene-by-scene circuit board abnormal thermal expansion identification on the simulation monitoring data under different temperature scenes to generate an abnormal thermal expansion temperature simulation evaluation report. According to the invention, comprehensive, efficient and accurate flexible circuit board testing is realized.

The invention provides an electrode plate, a tumor electric field treatment system and a temperature detection and signal control method, the electrode plate comprises a flexible circuit board and a plurality of electrode units arranged on the flexible circuit board at intervals, and the plurality of electrode units are divided into a plurality of row groups and a plurality of column groups on a circuit. The electrode unit includes a dielectric element and a temperature sensor having a signal terminal and a ground terminal, and the dielectric element is short-circuited with the signal terminal of the temperature sensor. A plurality of conductive traces are embedded in the flexible circuit board, the plurality of conductive traces comprise a plurality of grounding wires and a plurality of dual-purpose signal wires, the grounding wires are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the column groups, and the grounding wires are in short circuit with the grounding ends of the temperature sensors corresponding to the electrode units of the corresponding column groups and then are grounded. The dual-purpose signal lines are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the row groups, and the dual-purpose signal lines are connected in series with the electrode units of the corresponding row groups.

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit boards, and discloses a circuit board interlayer connection detection method, device and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the electrical characteristic parameter measurement of a multilayer flexible circuit board, and obtaining the characteristic parameter data of the circuit board; designing and arranging a multi-test-point detection structure on the multi-layer flexible circuit board, and performing signal excitation to obtain test point position information; applying a differential excitation signal, and collecting a differential response waveform between the test points to obtain a time domain reflection signal feature; impedance spectrum conversion and parameter extraction are carried out on the time domain reflection signal features, and an interlayer connection impedance distribution diagram is obtained; and establishing an interlayer connection defect characteristic model aiming at nickel-based alloy wire fracture, interface cracking and liquid metal fiber felt delamination in various bending states by utilizing the interlayer connection impedance distribution diagram, so that accurate classification of defect types and severity is realized, and interlayer connection faults and surface welding quality problems can be distinguished; and the misjudgment rate is greatly reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of film quality analysis and evaluation, and particularly relates to a flexible circuit board film pressing quality detection and analysis method and system. The method comprises the steps of generating a self-adaptive scanning path based on a design file and surface deformation data; performing multi-modal data acquisition and fusion along a path through optical surface scanning, ultrasonic tomography and an optical coherence tomography imaging assembly; potential defects are positioned, and size, shape, position and defect type probability values are quantized; judging the authenticity of the defect by adopting a three-stage mechanism of cross-modal probability comparison, physical characteristic logic verification and multi-frame time sequence verification; and performing weighted scoring on the real defect matching acceptance standard table, and performing disqualification marking or outputting a process optimization suggestion to the pressing equipment according to a scoring result. According to the invention, the imaging limitation of the transparent coating layer is broken through, the internal interface layering and the precise detection of the microbubbles are realized, and the closed-loop control from detection to production adjustment is formed.

A weapon attachment riser system for a weapon includes a riser assembly including a base housing, which defines an interior compartment, and a housing cover secured to the base housing. The base housing is configured to be detachably secured to a powered weapon accessory interface on the weapon and the housing cover is configured to be detachably secured to an accessory device. A circuit assembly includes a flexible circuit substrate disposed within the interior compartment. The circuit assembly includes a first electrical connector configured to detachably engage a complementary weapon rail interface port on the powered weapon accessory interface through an aligned opening in the housing base and a second electrical connector configured to detachably engage a complementary accessory interface port on the accessory device through an aligned opening in the housing cover.

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board defect detection, and discloses a flexible circuit board defect detection system which comprises a rack, a feeding table, a first moving device, a first detection device, a first visual detection marking device and a placement table, the rack comprises a panel and a bracket, and the bracket is arranged on the panel; a feeding table, a first detection device and a placement table are sequentially arranged on the panel in the first direction; the feeding table is used for placing a flexible circuit board; the support is arranged on one side, in the second direction, of the feeding table, the first moving device is installed on the support, and the first moving device is used for moving the flexible circuit board on the feeding table to the first detection device and moving the flexible circuit board on the first detection device to the placement table; the first visual detection marking device is mounted on the bracket and is used for detecting and marking defects of the flexible circuit board on the first detection device; a good product area and a defective product area are arranged on the placing table; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

The invention provides an electrode plate, a tumor electric field treatment system and a temperature detection and signal control method, the electrode plate comprises a flexible circuit board, a plurality of electrode units and a handshake chip, the plurality of electrode units and the handshake chip are arranged on the flexible circuit board, and the plurality of electrode units are divided into a plurality of row groups and a plurality of column groups on a circuit. A plurality of conductive traces are embedded in the flexible circuit board and comprise a plurality of grounding wires in one-to-one correspondence with the row groups, a plurality of dual-purpose signal wires in one-to-one correspondence with the column groups, a communication wire connected with corresponding parts of the handshake chip and a grounding trace for grounding the handshake chip; the grounding wire and each electrode unit of the corresponding row group are short-circuited and grounded, and the dual-purpose signal wire transmits an alternating-current electric signal to each electrode unit in a first mode and transmits a direct-current electric signal to each electrode unit in a second mode so as to collect a temperature signal.

The invention discloses a planar phased array ultrasonic transducer, and relates to the technical field of transducers, the planar phased array ultrasonic transducer comprises a 1-3 type piezoelectric composite board, a common positive electrode panel and a flexible circuit board, the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite board comprises a polymer frame and a plurality of PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns, all the PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns are embedded in the polymer frame in an array, and the PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns are connected with the flexible circuit board. One end of each PZT piezoelectric ceramic column is a positive electrode end, the other end of each PZT piezoelectric ceramic column is a negative electrode end, the common positive electrode panel is connected with the positive electrode ends of the PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns, the flexible circuit board is provided with a bonding pad area and at least one pin area, the bonding pad area is fixedly provided with a plurality of bonding pads, the pin area is fixedly provided with a plurality of pins, and the flexible circuit board is provided with a plurality of conductive terminals. All the pins, all the bonding pads and all the negative electrode ends of the PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns are in one-to-one correspondence, the bonding pads are electrically connected with the pins, and the bonding pads are connected with the negative electrode ends of the PZT piezoelectric ceramic columns; according to the invention, the PZT is applied to the planar phased array ultrasonic transducer.

The invention discloses a rigid-flex circuit board slotting process based on a laser depth control technology. The rigid-flex circuit board slotting process comprises the steps that the surface of a rigid layer of a rigid-flex circuit board is pretreated, and a laser sensitive layer is sprayed; cNC depth-controlled milling is adopted to form a grooved rough blank structure on the surface of the pretreated rigid layer; positioning laser is used for scanning, a three-dimensional model is established through collected reflected signals, then layered depth-controlled ablation is conducted, second-power laser is sequentially adopted for fine cutting, third-power laser is sequentially adopted for depth calibration, and a groove body structure is formed; cleaning an interface, scanning a groove bottom area and synchronously introducing low-temperature gas; performing morphology repairing treatment, and generating a periodic micro-nano structure on the groove wall by adopting short pulse laser to form a stress concentration resistant surface; depositing an insulating medium layer, and forming a continuous packaging protection layer on the groove wall and the bottom through a vacuum coating process; the high-precision depth-controlled slotting of the rigid-flex circuit board is realized, and meanwhile, the ultra-low thermal damage and anti-fatigue structure and long-acting environmental stability are realized.

A method of forming a spline for an electrode assembly includes providing a structural member including a first surface and a second surface. The method further includes providing a flexible circuit assembly including a plurality of electrodes and at least one flexible circuit substrate having a contact surface and an outer surface opposite the contact surface. The plurality of electrodes are disposed on the outer surface of the at least one flexible circuit substrate. The method includes positioning the flexible circuit assembly relative to the structural member such that a first set of electrodes is aligned with the first surface and a second set of electrodes is aligned with the second surface. The method further includes coupling the at least one flexible circuit substrate to at least one of the structural member and the at least one flexible circuit substrate.

The invention discloses a flexible circuit board made of weldable low-temperature silver paste and a preparation process of the flexible circuit board, and relates to the technical field of flexible electronic device manufacturing, and the flexible circuit board comprises a base material layer, a low-temperature weldable silver paste conductive layer and a protective layer. According to the invention, the collaborative design of the weldable low-temperature silver paste and the self-repairing protection layer is integrated, the efficient preparation of the flexible circuit board is realized through the printing technology, the weldable low-temperature silver paste breaks through the traditional high-temperature limitation, supports a wide range of substrates and can be directly welded without surface treatment, and in addition, the polyurethane protection layer containing the dynamic disulfide bond has a self-repairing function. Compared with a traditional FPC, only two core processes of printing and baking are needed, the process is greatly simplified, the equipment investment is reduced, and double reduction of the manufacturing cost and the material cost is achieved.

The present invention provides a speaker includes a frame, a vibration system fixed with the frame, a magnetic circuit system driving the vibration system to vibrate and sound, a flexible circuit board and an electrical connector. The vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil driving the diaphragm to vibrate. The flexible circuit board is fixed on a side of the diaphragm distal to the voice coil. The flexible circuit board covers and is fixed with the diaphragm. The electrical connector passes through the diaphragm to electrically connect the flexible circuit board and the voice coil. In present invention, the flexible circuit board does not occupy a space of the magnetic circuit system, and the acoustic performance of the speaker is good.

The invention discloses a flexible three-dimensional force sensor, and the sensor comprises a housing which is an elastic part and is in the shape of a hemisphere or a semi-ellipsoid; the flexible circuit printed board is installed in the shell, a light source and a plurality of photosensitive sensors are installed on the flexible circuit printed board, the light source is located in the center of the shell, and the photosensitive sensors are distributed around the light source in a circumferential array mode; the shielding structure is mounted on the inner wall of the shell; wherein the space between the shell and the flexible printed circuit board is sealed with air, and the shielding structure can extend into the space between the light source and the corresponding photosensitive sensor to block light path propagation so as to trigger the corresponding photosensitive sensor. The flexible three-dimensional force sensor is simple in structure, complex design is avoided, the production cost can be reduced, and the size can be conveniently reduced so as to be applied to a micro machine; the inner cavity of the shell is sealed with air, so that the flexible three-dimensional force sensor can bear larger pressure, and the pressure detection range is larger than that of a traditional flexible three-dimensional force sensor. The invention relates to the technical field of sensors.

The invention provides a display module, a display device and a manufacturing method of the display module, the display module comprises a flexible display panel, a main circuit board and a flexible circuit board, the flexible display panel comprises a display area, a binding area and a bending area connecting the display area and the binding area, the binding area is bent towards the backlight face of the display area through the bending area, and the main circuit board is arranged on the main circuit board. The main circuit board is located on the backlight face of the display area, the flexible circuit board is connected with the main circuit board and the flexible display panel, and at least part of the projection of the flexible circuit board in the first direction is located in the main circuit board or the binding area. In this way, through the arrangement that at least part of the projection of the flexible circuit board in the first direction is located in the main circuit board or the binding area, the back space, occupied by the flexible circuit board, of the display module can be reduced.

The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a flexible circuit board with any length, and relates to the technical field of flexible circuit boards. Comprising the steps that punching operation is conducted on a roll material base material to obtain reference holes, and the reference holes comprise a punching positioning hole and a reference exposure punching positioning hole; symmetrically punching first exposure punching positioning holes backwards based on the reference exposure punching positioning hole and a set distance; symmetrically punching an Nth exposure punching positioning hole backwards based on an (N-1) th exposure punching positioning hole and a set distance; carrying out dry film pressing-film exposure operation on the punched coiled material base material; developing the exposed coiled material base material, and removing the dry film of the exposed part through film stripping operation to form a required circuit; and after the etched circuit is subjected to chemical tinning surface treatment, positioning by using a punching positioning hole, and sequentially punching by using a die to obtain the ultra-long flexible printed circuit (FPC) with the required width. According to the process, the flexible circuit board with any length can be manufactured according to specific requirements of customers, and the production convenience and efficiency are improved.

The utility model provides a tumor electric field treatment system. The tumor electric field treatment system comprises at least one pair of electrode plates, an electric field generator electrically connected with the electrode plates and an adapter connected between the electrode plates and the electric field generator. The electrode plate comprises a flexible circuit board and a plurality of electrode units electrically connected with the flexible circuit board, and each electrode unit comprises a transduction element and a temperature sensor with a grounding end and a signal end. A plurality of conductive traces are embedded in the flexible circuit board; the conductive traces comprise multiple paths of dual-purpose conductive traces and multiple paths of grounding traces, wherein the dual-purpose conductive traces are in short circuit connection with the transduction elements in the multiple electrode units and the signal ends of the corresponding temperature sensors, and the grounding traces are in short circuit connection with the grounding ends of the temperature sensors in the multiple electrode units and are grounded. And the application of alternating current signals of the electrode units is controlled in different regions.

The invention discloses a drug electric controlled release hydrogel patch for wound healing, and belongs to the technical field of biomedical materials, the hydrogel patch comprises sheet electrodes, conductive hydrogel, a liquid storage tank and a flexible circuit, the two sheet electrodes are respectively attached to two side surfaces of the conductive hydrogel to form a sandwich structure, and a hole is formed in the middle of one sheet electrode; the two sheet electrodes are connected to the flexible circuit through wires, and the flexible circuit controls the two sheet electrodes to generate voltage difference. The liquid storage tank is used for storing a medicine solution and comprises a liquid storage tank cavity and a liquid storage tank hole, the conductive hydrogel and the liquid storage tank cavity form a closed space through the liquid storage tank hole, one part of the conductive hydrogel is exposed outside, and the other part of the conductive hydrogel is in the liquid storage tank cavity; the conductive hydrogel is exposed outside, and the surface, attached with the sheet-shaped electrode with a hole in the middle, of the conductive hydrogel is a treatment surface facing a wound surface. The hydrogel patch can realize long-term continuous supplement of drugs in hydrogel and program-controlled drug release, and wound healing is promoted through cooperation of electrical stimulation and drug release.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to intravascular electrophysiology catheters which utilize electrodes on flexible electronic circuit(s) to facilitate reduced assembly complexity and cost. In one example embodiment, a distal tip assembly of an electrophysiology catheter is disclosed. The distal tip assembly including a catheter shaft, flexible circuitry, and a distal tip coupled to a distal end of the catheter shaft. The catheter shaft includes an outer surface with a trench extending into the outer surface, and the flexible circuitry is inserted into the trench and coupled to the catheter shaft. The flexible circuitry includes one or more electrodes configured and arranged to sense electrophysiological characteristics of tissue.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological information monitoring, and discloses an ultra-thin biological information monitoring device, which comprises a flexible circuit board, a biological electrode and a flexible battery, an electronic element is arranged on the top surface of the flexible circuit board, the flexible battery is attached to the top of the flexible circuit board, and the electronic element is located between the flexible battery and the flexible circuit board; the flexible circuit board is attached to the top of the biological electrode, a first power supply bonding pad group of the flexible circuit board is electrically connected with the flexible battery, and a second power supply bonding pad group of the biological electrode is electrically connected with the flexible circuit board. According to the invention, not only is the element protected, but also plastic shell packaging is omitted, and ultrathin glue is adopted for fitting packaging, so that the volume of the product is further reduced, the thickness of a key part is only about 2mm, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.

The invention provides electronic equipment and a circuit connection assembly, the electronic equipment comprises a first fixed part, a rotating part, a second fixed part and at least one layer of flexible circuit board, and the second fixed part and the first fixed part are respectively located at two sides of the rotating part along a first direction; the two ends, in the first direction, of the flexible circuit board are connected to the first fixing part and the second fixing part respectively, and at least part of the portion, located between the first fixing part and the second fixing part, of the flexible circuit board is connected to the rotating part. The flexible circuit board is provided with at least one strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole extends in the first direction, and at least part of the strip-shaped hole is located between the first fixing part and the second fixing part. According to the flexible circuit board, the strip-shaped holes are formed in the flexible circuit board, the part, located between the first fixing part and the second fixing part, of the flexible circuit board can be divided into the multiple transmission sections with the small widths, and therefore excessive twisting of the flexible circuit board in the bending process can be avoided, and the service life of the flexible circuit board can be prolonged.

The invention provides a tumor electric field treatment system, a temperature detection method and a signal control method, the tumor electric field treatment system comprises at least one pair of electrode plates, an electric field generator and an adapter, each electrode plate comprises a plurality of electrode units and a flexible circuit board, the flexible circuit board is embedded with a plurality of grounding wires and a plurality of dual-purpose signal wires, each grounding wire enables the electrode units located in the same row to be in short circuit and grounded, and each dual-purpose signal wire enables the electrode units located in the same column to be electrically connected and can transmit alternating current electric signals and temperature detection signals. The adapter comprises a plurality of groups of multi-path circuit lines, at least part of the circuit lines in each group of multi-path circuit lines are electrically connected with the multi-path grounding lines and the multi-path dual-purpose signal lines of the corresponding electrode plates in a one-to-one mode, and at least one circuit line in each group of circuit lines is in an idle state and is not electrically connected with the dual-purpose signal lines or the grounding lines of the corresponding electrode plates. Therefore, the adapter can be adapted to various electrode plates with different numbers of grounding wires and different numbers of dual-purpose signal wires.

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission electron microscope in-situ experiments, in particular to a transmission electron microscope in-situ multi-field coupling experiment platform which comprises a sample rod, a carrying table, a thermoelectric chip, a magnetic field generating device and a flexible circuit board. A first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are formed in the carrying table; the thermoelectric chip is arranged in the first mounting groove, and a carrying part, an electrical control unit and a temperature control unit are arranged on the thermoelectric chip; the magnetic field generating device is arranged in the second mounting groove and can generate a controllable magnetic field on the carrying part; the carrying part is used for carrying a sample, the electrical control unit is configured to load and measure an electrical signal of the sample, the temperature control unit is configured to control and measure the temperature of the carrying part, and the transmission electron microscope in-situ multi-field coupling experiment platform provided by the invention realizes cooperative application and accurate control of an electric field, a magnetic field and a temperature field.

The invention discloses a hot-pressing control method and system for a flexible circuit board, and particularly relates to the technical field of flexible electronic manufacturing process control, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating a heat conduction equilibrium coefficient through collecting the temperature and heat flux density data of each region in the flexible circuit board, and achieving the real-time evaluation of a heat diffusion characteristic; in combination with an infrared scanning mode, acquiring reflectivity data, analyzing dynamic change of the reflectivity data along with time, and identifying an abnormal region in which coating residues possibly exist; further comparing the position relationship between the thermal diffusion anomaly and the infrared reflection anomaly, screening a space overlapping region as a high-risk point, and executing a preset regulation and control strategy; according to the method, the heat conduction equilibrium coefficient is calculated by collecting heat flow and temperature data, the coating residue abnormal area is recognized by combining infrared reflectivity time sequence characteristics, the high-risk area is screened based on the space overlap ratio for dynamic regulation and control, accurate recognition, differential control and closed-loop optimization of hot pressing defects are achieved, and the hot pressing quality and consistency are improved.

The invention discloses portable sleep breathing disorder monitoring equipment based on electroencephalogram, oxyhemoglobin saturation and electrocardio, and belongs to the technical field of sleep monitoring equipment. The monitoring equipment comprises a wireless sleep monitoring module and a sleep breathing disorder diagnosis module, the wireless sleep monitoring module is used for collecting EEG, SpO2 and ECG signals in the sleep process and transmitting the EEG, SpO2 and ECG signals to the sleep dyspnea diagnosis module in real time for signal processing and analysis. The equipment collects multiple modes directly related to accurate diagnosis of sleep breathing disorder, and huge deviation of evaluation of sleep breathing disorder caused by a single mode is avoided. A sensor for collecting forehead electroencephalogram and oxyhemoglobin saturation is integrated on the flexible circuit board, so that the integration level and portability of the device are higher. A multi-modal fusion algorithm is designed for multi-modal signals collected by equipment, and multi-task and accurate detection of automatic sleep staging and sleep breathing events is achieved.

The invention provides a ceramic rigid-flex circuit substrate and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the specific steps: S1, cleaning a ceramic substrate, and arranging a brazing metal transition layer on the surface of the ceramic substrate; s2, low-melting-point brazing filler metal is sprayed to the surface of the brazing metal transition layer of the ceramic substrate, and a multi-layer flexible circuit board is attached to the surface, sprayed with the low-melting-point brazing filler metal, of the aluminum nitride ceramic substrate to obtain an attached plate; and S3, placing the laminated board in a vacuum or protective atmosphere for welding to obtain the ceramic rigid-flex circuit substrate. The ceramic substrate is adopted, the brazing metal transition layer is introduced to the surface of the ceramic substrate, the welding process of the flexible circuit board and the ceramic substrate is optimized, the problems that heat conduction is difficult, interface thermal resistance is large and uneven or bonding strength is insufficient are effectively solved, and the overall performance and quality of a product are improved.

The invention provides an embedded structure energy storage integrated composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials and electric energy storage. A sandwich structure is adopted, an energy storage unit is embedded in an insulation honeycomb / grid core material, and high-strength fiber composite material panels are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the insulation honeycomb / grid core material. In the aspect of a material system, the panel has both mechanical strength and electrical insulation property; in structural design, gradient thickness and multi-cavity layout are introduced to improve the multi-direction load bearing capacity. Automatic switching, energy management and fault diagnosis among the energy storage units are realized by a flexible circuit and an intelligent chip which are internally integrated; meanwhile, a sensing network is embedded to monitor structural strain, vibration and battery state in real time, and a structural health monitoring function is provided. The obtained composite material has the characteristics of high structural strength, high energy storage efficiency and high safety intelligent degree, can be widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like, realizes the integrated design of the structure and energy storage, and achieves the purposes of reducing weight and improving functions.

An end effector for a cardiac mapping catheter including a flexible circuit including a plurality of electrodes each electrode of the plurality of electrodes including a contact surface. The flexible circuit can be disposed on an insulative material. The insulative material can be contiguous to the contact surfaces so that only the contact surfaces of at least a portion of the plurality of electrodes are exposed to the ambient environment.