436 results about "Soil water" patented technology

The invention relates to a test method for simulating the shear resistant strength change of foundation pit precipitation soil. The test method comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing an original-shape soil sample by using a fret saw, a soil cutter, a soil cutting disk, and the like; secondly, carrying out exhausting and water injection on the sample in a vacuum tank to be saturated;thirdly, mounting a test sample in which a latex film is sleeved in a three-axle pressure chamber; fourthly, solidifying the test sample at two phases through a three-axle ambient pressure system, wherein the test sample is restored to be in a natural self-weight stress state of a soil body by using the first-time solidification and the stress state of the soil body subjected to precipitation is simulated by using secondary solidification; fifthly, carrying out an un-drained shear test on the test sample through an axial loading system; and sixthly, after the test is ended, closing a motor and a valve and detaching the test sample. According to the test method disclosed by the invention, the influence of the reduction for water content of the foundation pit precipitation soil, the increase of effective stress and soil solidification and compaction on the soil shear resistant stretch is considered so as to provide reference for accurately selecting shear resistant strength indexes of the foundation pit precipitation soil and further provide guarantee for designing and constructing deep foundation pits of soft soil water-rich stratum safely, economically and reasonably.

The invention relates to wireless intelligent control system and method for alternative irrigating. The system comprises a microprocessor module, a sensor module, a solenoid valve driving module, a man-computer interaction module, a wireless communication module and a power module. The system is on the basis of the essential concept of local and regional alterative irrigating of crops; a pressure flow sensor, a soil water and temperature sensor, a rainfall sensor, a leaf temperature sensor and a leaf humidity sensor and other sensors are utilized to obtain rich irrigating information, so that the intelligent crop irrigation control degree and control precision are improved. Compared with the existing irrigation technology, the system has the advantages of being high in intelligent degree, high in man-computer interaction performance, and high in automatic fault diagnosis; the system is applicable to a farmland irrigation control system using the alternative irrigating technology and can be also used for irrigating of a greenhouse; the type of the crops can be adjusted on site or remotely adjusted, so that the irrigating requirements of maize, cotton, vegetable and other crops can be met.

The invention relates to a test method for determining the unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters, which utilizes a test device to measure the soil water retention curve of soil body. The device mainly comprises a vertical displacement measuring meter 1, bolts 2, a pressurized shaft 3, a pressure chamber 12, a sample top cap 13, a fixed bolt 24 and a sample base 25. A second air pressure control valve 22 and a second water pressure control valve 19 are adjusted, and the sizes of the pore air pressure and pore water pressure in a sample are changed by a second air pressure sensor 23 and a second water pressure sensor 38, i.e. the size of matric suction s of the sample is changed; after the liquid level in a second volume water measuring tube 17 is stabilized, the change value of water quantity of inlet and outlet samples is read out to obtain a new water content of the sample w1 corresponding to matric suction s 1 so as to obtain a group of test data s1 and w1 on the soil water retention curve. The determination method has convenient use, high measuring precision, meets the requirements of three-dimensional stress, can measure the humidifying section and the dehumidifying section of the soil water characteristic curve, and is suitable for measuring the soil water retention curves of various soils in civil engineering.

The invention relates to an unsaturated zone soil water consumption characteristics based on overall process of water circulation. The method comprises the following steps of: building a dynamic conversion model of an unsaturated zone soil water subsystem; simulating circulation of regional unsaturated zone soil water; performing data assimilation of a hydrological model and a remote sensing retrieval of soil water evapotranspiration; determining an evapotranspiration structure; and performing quantitative evaluation on soil water consumption characteristics. According to the invention, an unsaturated zone soil water dynamic conversion model based on sub-watershed spatial dispersion and coupled with a surface and ground water circulation model is used, and the evaluation method of soil water consumption characteristics provided on the basis of the unsaturated zone soil water dynamic conversion model can realize quantitative simulation of soil water in a large spatial scale watershed or region, and quantitative evaluation on consumption characteristics. The method is combined with consumption characteristics evaluation theory of land utilization, and is beneficial for guiding rational utilization of soil water. The technical method provided by the invention is universal and easy to be popularized and applied.

The invention provides a device for determining the permeation coefficient of unsaturated soil. The device is characterized in that the upper end of a stainless steel tank is provided with an upper reverse filter apparatus, and the lower end of the stainless steel tank is provided with a lower reverse filter apparatus; the longer surface of the stainless steel tank is provided with an open end surface, and the open end surface is provided with toughened glass for closing the open end surface; and a plurality of soil water sensors and soil tension meters are respectively arranged on at least one end surface of the stainless steel tank from top to bottom. Compared with present devices and the prior art, the device and a method for determining the permeation coefficient of the unsaturated soil provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: the permeation coefficient of the unsaturated soil can be directly obtained through simple one-dimensional infiltration tests and through utilizing an iterative method, the device is simple to manufacture, the measure precision is high, the unsaturated permeation coefficient of a sample can be measured, and the soil-water characteristic curve of the sample can also be measured.

The invention discloses a method for mechanically harvesting winter rape efficiently with low power consumption. The method comprises the following steps of: A, constructing a rape group suitable for mechanical harvest: selecting the variety suitable for mechanical production, performing mechanical precise-quantity direct seeding when the soil water content is 30 to 40 percent, and constructing an ideal group and a plant type by fertilizer and water application and disease inset pest and weed control; B, adjusting a mature period: spraying a ripener two to three days before the harvest of rape seed ripening stage in the regions of contradictory seasons; C, harvesting at right time: observing and measuring the morphological physiological index of the plant before the harvest of the rape, wherein more than 95 percent of siliques, namely yellow loquat fruits in the cropland are suitable for mechanical harvest; D, mechanically harvesting and measuring loss rate: harvesting by a special rape harvesting mechanism in a combining way in the period suitable for harvest; E, smashing and returning rape straw to the cropland: flooding the straw in water immediately after the harvest of rape, decaying and returning to the cropland. The method is easy and convenient to operate, improves a one-time efficient branch height, reduces the branch number, reduces the thickness of the pod layer, solves the problems of high harvest loss rate, and improves the yield.

The invention discloses a method for assessment of soil moisture in a corn planting area based on an improved MODIS index. The method comprises 1) preprocessing collected MODIS remote sensing data, 2)calculating a remote sensing index, 3) partitioning vegetation coverage degrees, 4) according to the thresholds of low and medium-high vegetation coverage areas of bare soil, constructing an improvedMODIS index, and 5) constructing a soil water content estimation model. Compared with the passive microwave method, the method has better spatial resolution. Compared with the active microwave method, the method has higher temporal resolution. Through striking an average of the temporal and spatial resolution of the active and passive microwave method, the method for assessment of moisture content of surface soil has good temporal and spatial resolution.

The invention discloses nutritional soil for plant cultivation of a karst landform. The nutritional soil is used for solving the problem that the existing soil of karst-landform regions is not conducive to plant growth. The nutritional soil disclosed by the invention comprises foreign soil, an organic fertilizer, acidic soil microflora, organism decomposition microflora, nitrogen fixation microflora, a pH buffering agent, bacterial cellulose, a curing agent and a soil water retention agent. The nutritional soil for the vegetation cultivation of the karst landform, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that good growth soil can be provided for the vegetation of the karst landform, the problem of stony desertification of the karst-landform regions can be effectively solved, and virtuous cycle for ecosystems of the karst-landform regions is promoted.

The invention belongs to the preparation of a resin material for agriculture and forestry soil water retention, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a high absorbent resin material with fungus chaff. The method comprises the following steps of: adding acrylic acid neutralized by sodium hydroxide, acrylamide, a crosslinking agent and an initiating agent in the fungus chaff which is dried, smashed and screened by a 100-mesh sieve for fully mixing; placing the mixture in a microwave reaction device to react for 3-8 minutes at the radiation power of 180-360W; and after copolymerization, soaking for 2-5 hours with methanol, drying in vacuum and smashing to obtain a final product. According to the invention, the fungus chaff is used as a raw material; the fungus chaff is just subjected to simple gelatinization and microwave radiation synthesis in no need of carrying out complex process modification treatment so as to synthesize the high absorbent resin material the property of which is the same as that of a starch high absorbent resin material, thus the waste fungus chaff can be effectively utilized, and the high absorbent resin material contains rich necessary nutrition substances for plant growth such as N, P and K, and can be directly applied to soil for an agriculture and forestry production water retaining agent and edible mushroom cultivation.

The invention relates to a device and a method for repairing underground water through a process of activating sodium persulfate by using Fe (II). The device is a semi-continuous inlet/outlet type reaction device consisting of three parts. A first part is connected with a water sample, simulates a soil water-containing layer of underground water and controls flow rate. A second part therein is provided with a slow-release material and releases sodium persulfate when being in contact with solution. A third part is connected with the second part and Fe<2+> solution and controls activation reaction of each component. A sampling valve is arranged in the middle of a column of each part, and the water sample can be collected and is used for analyzing concentration of pollutants, concentration of S2O8<2->, concentration of Fe<2+> and pH of solution after reaction. The device and the method for repairing underground water through the process of activating sodium persulfate by using Fe (II) have a better effect of treating organic matters which are difficult to dissolve, and a model has a function of simulating large-scale application.

The invention discloses a production method of biological organic compound fertilizer and belongs to the biological organic field. According to the production method, chicken manure is taken as the main material, crop straw, straw, peanut shell, sawdust, mixture of rice chaff and husk, brewers grain, starch pulp, cottonseed meal, Chinese trumpet creeper and the like are taken as auxiliary material, and the organic fertilizer is produced through a method of adding strain and sufficient digesting. The method has the advantages of low production cost, completeness in fermentation and sterilization, high biological activity and fertilizer efficiency, odourlessnes, asepsis and convenience in use, can improve soil physical and chemical properties, enhances the soil water retention, fertilizer maintenance and fertilizer feeding capacities, increases beneficial bacterium and soil microorganism and population, and ensures that the yield of grain crop, industrial crop, vegetables and melons and fruits is greatly increased.

The invention discloses a method for planting transplanting type alfalfa. The method for planting the transplanting type alfalfa comprises the following steps that alfalfa varieties which are strong in disease resistance and early in dormancy are selected, seeds are selected through the winnowing and screening modes, and the seeds are spread and placed under the blazing sun for 3-4 days; a land which is leeward, exposed to the sun, high in terrain, dry in soil, good in water draining and close to a water source is selected to serve as a seedbed land; the sowing time is selected between March and April, a nutrition pot is used for growing seedlings, the seeding rate is 20 grams per square meter, and seeds are covered by soil by 2 centimeters; water is supplemented and covering is carried out timely according to the soil water regime of a seedbed; transplanting is carried out when the rainy season comes in mid-to-late June, the transplanting method of digging dibble water sitting sowing or digging pits is adopted, or transplanting is carried out before rainy days or after rainy days; weeds around rice seedlings are removed at the time of soil freezing and melting in the late autumn and early winter, in the late autumn and early winter, the land is irrigated once with frozen water and is irrigated with green resuming water when the alfalfa begins to return to green every spring; the alfalfa is not harvested in the year when the alfalfa is transplanted to enable the alfalfa to live through the winter safely, and the alfalfa can be harvested in autumn next year. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and the yield of the alfalfa is improved.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for clump planting of arbor. The method includes the following steps of seedling selection, seedling processing, seedling clump planting, watering for root fixing, spray wet curing and mushroom soil covering. Through the method, in the whole cultivation process of clump planting of arbor, the seedling selection, soil selection, plant water retention and soil water retention are scientifically controlled, and the problems of trunk peeling and slow root system growth easily occurring in the seedling clump planting are effectively solved. Root systems between seedlings planted through the cultivation method for clump planting of arbor are easy to twine to form an integrated root system, so that the problem of uneven seedling growth is solved, and integrity between seedlings is improved. Compared with the natural growing cluster seedling, the manifestation of the whole cluster of seedlings has more shaping advantages and better cost performance ratio.

The invention provides a method of preparing soil water-loss reducer with feather powder. The invention is characterized in that feather powder is made of the waste feather of chicken, duck and other poultries. Make the feather powder steeped in the sodium sulfite solution of normal temperature for 24 hours and filtering. Under 80~90 Deg. C, hydrolyse the filter residue in 2%~5% natrium hydroxydatum solution and get the water soluble protein which molecular weight is 5000~10000. Implement the hydrophilicity modification with peroxyacids and get the modifying hydrolysis feather protein solution. And mix the feather protein solution with acrylamide vinyl polymer solution, process cross bonding, graft copolymerization under the action of redox initiating agent and get the water-absorbing gel. The said soil water-loss reducer is finished after granulating, drying and disintegrating.

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture and water resource development and utilization, and discloses an agricultural drought disaster monitoring and forecasting method based on crop water demand and soil water supply, which comprises a crop water demand information acquisition module, a soil water supply information acquisition module, a data center, a meteorological forecasting module,a drought forecasting module and a drought analysis module. According to the method, through crop water shortage index calculation and crop water profit and loss prediction calculation in future predetermined time in different regions, the water shortage condition of crops can be comprehensively evaluated, and a reliable data basis is provided for analysis and evaluation of drought conditions. According to the invention, a meteorological system and a crop water requirement law are combined for development, including agricultural drought comprehensive prediction, monitoring, scientific assessment and early warning, so that water resources can be reasonably allocated to cope with drought, and the method has very important theoretical and practical significance for solving the drought and promoting crop growth.

The invention provides an irrigation method and device based on the Internet of Things, and is used for solving the technical problems that an existing irrigation method is high in labor input, and water resources are wasted. The method comprises the steps that a server receiving current soil water content uploaded by a soil moisture sensor and meteorological information uploaded by a meteorological sensor, and determines precipitation amount in a preset time period based on the meteorological information; receiving the image data of the crop area uploaded by the image acquisition device, andinputting the image data into the crop type identification model to obtain a crop type corresponding to the crop area; based on the crop variety and the current soil water content, determining the actual water demand of the crop variety within a preset time period; calculating a first difference value between the precipitation and the actual water demand, and then determining the water drainage states of the multiple irrigation devices in the crop area. According to the irrigation method provided by the invention, a targeted irrigation scheme can be automatically provided, and irrigation wateris effectively saved.

The invention provides a carboxymethyl wood flour water absorber, which consists of the following raw materials by weight: 1 to 3 portions of carboxymethyl wood flour, 4 to 30 portions of acroleic acid, 1.3 to 10 portions of sodium hydroxide solution of 30 percent; and 0.04 to 0.12 portion of potassium persulfate. After the raw materials are mixed, the mixture is heated and beaten in nitrogen atmosphere, thus getting high viscosity straw yellow cream through copolymerization; after the cream is dried and pulverized, straw yellow carboxymethyl wood flour with the granularity from 40 meshes to 100 meshes is got; the water absorption rate is 1000 to 1200g/g, and the absorption speed is 30g per minute. The water absorber is prepared through the four steps: preparing the carboxymethyl wood flour, preparing the cream of the carboxymethyl wood flour, preparing a graft copolymer and preparing the water absorber, which is used as a water absorber for aqueous organic solvent, a soil water retention agent, a cement curing compound and so on. The water absorber uses the carboxymethyl wood flour as a raw material, and comprehensively makes use of the carboxy methylation product of cellulose and hemicellulose and lignin in the wood flour as the skeleton and the cross-linking agent of the graft copolymer; the timber utilization rate is high; the cost is low; and the preparation process does not pollute the environment.

The invention provides a set of damage simulation test devices for large-scale buried gas pipelines under the action of landslides, which are used to simulate the stress, displacement and deformation of buried gas pipelines under the action of landslide disasters, and provide a large-scale buried gas pipeline. Method for simulation test of ground gas pipeline failure. The invention can be used to simulate pipeline landslide tests under different pipeline internal pressure/landslide soil properties/pipeline burial depth/environmental rainfall conditions. The test device can monitor data including pipeline internal pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil thrust on pipeline, landslide body The parameters of deep displacement, rainfall, pore water pressure of underground landslide soil and soil water content of underground landslide soil. Invented and completed a set of underground gas pipeline landslide disaster simulation test device, automatic rainfall device and landslide underground soil monitoring device, and through the monitoring of relevant data, mastered the development of landslides and the force characteristics of pipelines, and analyzed the impact of landslides on pipelines The law provides a basis for the selection of pipeline landslide monitoring parameters, equipment selection, and monitoring point layout in the future.

The present invention is directed toward a wax and scent impregnated soil for use in hunting and trapping. The soil is dried and mixed with wax and a scent such as the urine of a target species. The wax makes the soil water resistant and prevents it from freezing. In addition, the wax increases the ability of the soil to retain the impregnated scent over a period of time. The soil is used to attract various animals to traps or target hunting areas. Alternatively, the soil can be spread around to disguise the scent of a hunter or trapper such that they are not detected by the animals they are pursuing. A repellant version can be made by using a repellant scent.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring hydrological area pollutant, and the method includes: 1, integrating a SWAT soil water evaluation model and a geographic information model, and evaluating and calculating NH4, TN, TP, COD and sediment content in the hydrology area by using area geographic information; 2: according to the content of pollutants, dividing the color of the sub-region into four levels: green, light green, yellow and red according to the classification rules of pollutants; 3: according to the content of pollutants, drawing out the change trend of pollution index of specified river and specified pollution points and sources; 4: according to the geographic information model, obtaining and adjusting of parameters of the pollution points and sources and new added pollution points and sources, and executing the step 1 until required pollution points and sources are completed; implementing data calculation, display, data output and early warning of hydrological area. The soil water evaluation model is combined with the geographic information model, which improves the calculation accuracy, solves the problem that general data model is not intuitive and is difficult to govern, so that the early warning is clear and intuitive.

The invention provides a preparation method of a biochar-loaded iron material for oxidizing and repairing organic pollution of soil water, which comprises the following steps: preparing a magnetic biochar compound, namely suspending and dispersing biochar powder in a soluble ferric salt solution, adding alkali liquor under a stirring condition, conducting reacting to generate precipitate until the pH value of a final mixed solution is 11-12, and sequentially separating, washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the magnetic biochar compound. According to the preparation method, the Fe3O4 is precipitated on the biochar while the Fe3O4 is generated, so that the time required for preparing the material is shortened, the steps are simpler, and the prepared biochar loaded iron material can quickly and efficiently catalyze and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. According to the soil water body remediation method, PAHs are catalyzed and oxidized by adopting a biochar-loaded iron material activated hydrogen peroxide oxidizing agent, an efficient site soil pollution remediation system is established, and it is found through experiments that the purpose of efficiently remediating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon soil pollution can be achieved.

The invention provides a high-resolution aquifer water storage coefficient inversion method and system based on a gravity satellite. The method comprises the steps of acquiring gravity satellite data,soil water content data, surface water reserve data and non-groundwater component data based on a preset area; acquiring a land water reserve change month time sequence, a soil water content month time sequence, a surface water reserve month time sequence, a non-underground water component change month time sequence, an underground water reserve change month time sequence and underground water level change month time sequences of different aquifers based on gravity satellite data inversion; obtaining a random sample value of the water storage coefficient through random simulation; and obtaining a correlation coefficient and a Nash efficiency coefficient between the groundwater reserve change trend random value and the groundwater reserve change trend in the gravity satellite time-varyingsignal, and obtaining an inversion result. According to the method, the regional water storage coefficient can be rapidly calculated in a large range, and the problems that a traditional method wastestime and labor and cannot calculate the large-scale range are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a mountain slope ecological greening device with water storage and water retention functions. The device comprises a slope greening planting plate, a plurality of green plant planting grooves are formed in the slope greening planting plate, and a plurality of irrigation permeable structures which are symmetrical along the center line of the slope greening planting plate are further arranged in the slope greening planting plate. By arranging a water storage pipe and a sponge soil water retention assembly, during rainfall or irrigation, water can penetrate through the slope greening planting plate through the irrigation permeable structure to enter soil below the slope greening planting plate, the rootsof green plants can absorb water conveniently, part of the water entering the water storage pipe stays in the water storage pipe for water storage, the other part of the water enters the sponge soil water retention assembly, the water retention effect is achieved through the sponge soil water retention assembly, the stored water can be utilized through the water storage pipe and the sponge soil water retention assembly when water shortage occurs, the survival rate of green plants is increased, and the good water storage and water retention effect is achieved.