The invention discloses a method for identifying baijiu of different brands by combining a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and a parallel factor, belonging to the technical field of baijiu identification. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data of baijiu of different brands by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer; (2) establishing an identification model of baijiu of different brands, namely decomposing the spectrum data by utilizing a parallel factor method, thus obtaining a loading matrix and a concentration score, and by taking the concentration score as input of a support vector machine, establishing an identification model of the brands of the baijiu; and (3) predicting the brands of the baijiu, specifically, for the predicted sample, performing testing to obtain the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data, and obtaining the concentration score by utilizing a genetic algorithm and by keeping the loading matrix invariable, inputting the concentration score into the identification model and outputting the predicted brand value. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a complicated chemical separation process is avoided, the method has the advantages of rapidness, safety, simplicity in operation, low price, nondestructive property and the like, and the identification model of baiju in different places of origin can be further established.