382 results about "Electromagnetic response" patented technology

A vaporizer heating apparatus is comprised of electromagnetically responsive material and electrically non-conductive material. A antimicrobial fluid to be vaporized, such as water or hydrogen peroxide solution, is supplied to the heating apparatus where it is converted to a vapor. In one embodiment of the present invention, electromagnetically responsive material particulate is embedded into the electrically non-conductive material. In another embodiment of the present invention, a microwave generator is used to produce heat.

A transmitter system for inducing a transient electromagnetic field in an earth formation comprises an inductive element to generate an electromagnetic field in response to a flow of electric current through the inductive element. Furthermore, switching means arranged to interrupt the flow of electric current through the inductive element, which switching means comprises a primary switch and an auxiliary switch arranged in series connection with each other. The auxiliary switch has a lower breakdown voltage than the primary switch. This induces a transient electromagnetic field in the earth formation. Delay circuitry may impose a time delay between switching of the auxiliary switch relative to switching of the primary switch. A transient electromagnetic response signal may be recorded, and used in a method of producing a mineral hydrocarbon fluid.

A method is disclosed for determining spatial distribution of resistivity of Earth formations surrounding a wellbore having a conductive pipe therein. The method includes measuring resistivity of the Earth formations using measurements of current leakage along the pipe at selected axial positions. Electromagnetic properties of the Earth formations are measured from within the pipe. The measurements of electromagnetic properties correspond to a larger axial distance and to a greater lateral distance than the measurements of resistivity from current leakage. The current leakage and electromagnetic measurements are jointly inverted to obtain a model of the spatial distribution.

A sensor cable system for measuring electromagnetic response of the Earth's subsurface includes a sensor cable deployable on the bottom of a body of water. The sensor cable has a plurality of electromagnetic sensing devices thereon at spaced apart locations. A system control unit is in signal communication with the sensing elements. The system control unit includes a transceiver for communicating signals to and from a corresponding sensor cable system. The system control unit includes a global positioning system signal receiver. The system control unit includes a processor configurable to receive signals detected by sensing elements in the corresponding sensor cable system. The processor is configurable to compute stacked signals from the sensing elements in the sensor cable and from sensing elements in the corresponding system. The processor is configurable to calculate a statistical measure of the stacked signals. The system control unit is disposed in a flotation device.

A method for temperature measurement in a household appliance includes generating a high-frequency electromagnetic excitation wave of a predefined transmit frequency. The transmit frequency is selected from a frequency band including temperature-dependent resonant frequencies that occur in a surface wave device incorporated in a temperature measuring probe and which respectively correspond to temperatures expected at the temperature measuring probe during operation of the household appliance. During a first phase, the excitation wave is wirelessly transmitting to the surface wave device. During a second phase following the first phase, an electromagnetic response wave generated by the excitation wave in the surface wave device is wirelessly transmitting to a processing unit. Signal levels of response signals generated from response waves of different transmit frequencies are measured and compared to determine the current temperature of the surface wave device based on the transmit frequency associated with the highest signal level.

A sensor cable system for measuring electromagnetic response of the Earth's subsurface includes a sensor cable deployable on the bottom of a body of water. The sensor cable has a plurality of electromagnetic sensing devices thereon at spaced apart locations. A system control unit is in signal communication with the sensing elements. The system control unit includes a transceiver for communicating signals to and from a corresponding sensor cable system. The system control unit includes a global positioning system signal receiver. The system control unit includes a processor configurable to receive signals detected by sensing elements in the corresponding sensor cable system. The processor is configurable to compute stacked signals from the sensing elements in the sensor cable and from sensing elements in the corresponding system. The processor is configurable to calculate a statistical measure of the stacked signals. The system control unit is disposed in a flotation device.

A method for determining spatial distribution of fluid injected into a subsurface rock formation includes injecting the fluid into the rock formation. The fluid includes therein electrically conductive solid particles dispersed in an electrolyte. An electromagnetic response of the formation is measured. The measured electromagnetic response is used to determine spatial distribution of the injected fluid.

An electromagnetic response from a region in an earth formation is determined by lowering an electromagnetic measurement tool into a borehole in the earth formation. The tool comprises a transmitter antenna, a receiver antenna, and an electrically conductive support structure. The transmitter antenna is energized, resulting in receiver signal in the receiver antenna. A raw response signal, comprising the receiver signal, is measured at the receiver antenna. The raw response signal is adjusted using a reference signal obtained by measuring the response signal of the tool in a test environment having a resistivity that is higher than that of the region in the earth formation. This method can be employed during the drilling of the borehole which may be part of a method of producing a mineral hydrocarbon fluid.

A method for surface estimation of reservoir properties, wherein location of and average earth resistivities above, below, and horizontally adjacent to the subsurface geologic formation are first determined using geological and geophysical data in the vicinity of the subsurface geologic formation. Then dimensions and probing frequency for an electromagnetic source are determined to substantially maximize transmitted vertical and horizontal electric currents at the subsurface geologic formation, using the location and the average earth resistivities. Next, the electromagnetic source is activated at or near surface, approximately centered above the subsurface geologic formation and a plurality of components of electromagnetic response is measured with a receiver array. Geometrical and electrical parameter constraints are determined, using the geological and geophysical data. Finally, the electromagnetic response is processed using the geometrical and electrical parameter constraints to produce inverted vertical and horizontal resistivity depth images. Optionally, the inverted resistivity depth images may be combined with the geological and geophysical data to estimate the reservoir fluid and shaliness properties.

A system for tracking the position of multiple objects in three dimensional space by transmitting radar interrogation signals having predetermined wave shapes to surface acoustic wave transducers attached to each object. Each transducer includes a unique electrically conductive pattern on one surface of a piezoelectric substrate for selectively responding to the predetermined wave shape of one of the interrogation signals for inducing a surface acoustic wave in the substrate and for thereafter transforming the surface acoustic wave into an electromagnetic response signal having detectable properties that uniquely identify said transducer. The location of each transducer is estimated by measuring the time-of-flight or angle-of-arrival of the radar signals at several measurement stations and producing a position estimate by triangulation.

The invention discloses a digital programmable space-time coding meta-material comprising a time varying artificial electromagnetic surface and a digital control module; the artificial electromagneticsurface is formed by periodically arranging time varying encoding units in space, wherein each unit structure is integrated with a switching diode; the digital control module provides different biasvoltages so as to present different electromagnetic responses; the basic units can be controllable in space layout, and can periodically cycle in the time dimension according to a corresponding time encoding sequence, thus forming corresponding harmonic wave energy distribution in the frequency domain, finally regulating electromagnetic waves in space domain and frequency domain. The time-space encoding matrix is designed; the space-time coding meta-material can realize many fancy functions, such as harmonic wave beam scanning and scattering energy inhibition. In addition, the time dimension of the encoding meta-material can be explored, thus accurately controlling the meta-material frequency spectrum energy, and providing very important application prospects in the wireless communicationfields.

The invention relates to an FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain)-based three-dimensional induction-polarized double-field numerical simulation method, which aims to quickly calculate electromagnetic response of induction-polarization double fields of a three-dimensional model. The FDTD-based three-dimensional induction-polarized double-field numerical simulation method mainly comprises the following steps of obtaining a time-domain expression of electric conductivity of a Dubai model by adopting inverse Laplace transformation; constructing an e index auxiliary equation of electric conductivity parameters; obtaining an ohm law time-domain discrete recursion expression through a trapezoidal integral method; reducing four-dimensional numeric operation into three-dimensional operation; substituting a formula into a passive Maxwell curl equation; deriving an iterative equation of an electric field and a magnetic field based on a three-dimensional FDTD method, thus completing electromagnetic response numerical calculation of the induction-polarization double fields of the three-dimensional model. The FDTD-based three-dimensional induction-polarized double-field numerical simulation method disclosed by the invention aims to solve the problems of long time-domain convolution operation of Ohm law, large memory occupation and the like, and the electromagnetic response numerical calculation of the induction-polarization double fields of the three-dimensional model is finally realized.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional structure metamaterial which comprises at least one layer of forming base material and at least one flexible function layer arranged on the surface of the forming base material. Each flexible function layer comprises a flexible substrate formed by at least one flexible sub-substrate and a plurality of manmade micro-structures corresponding to electromagnetic waves and arranged on the surface of each flexible sub-substrate. The three-dimensional structure metamaterial has an electromagnetic wave modulation function. The three-dimensional structure metamaterial is simple in manufacturing process and low in processing cost, process precision is controlled simply, and the three-dimensional structure metamaterial can replace various structure parts provided with complex curved surfaces and needing to have a certain electromagnetic modulation functions and can also be attached to various structure parts provided with the complex curved surfaces to achieve the required electromagnetic modulation functions. Besides, the three-dimensional structure metamaterial has good electromagnetic response and wide application range in a curved surface expanding and electromagnetic partition mode.

The invention discloses a line array multi-channel synchronous transient electromagnetic directional detection method and a device thereof. The method is characterized in that a transmitting line frame is arranged in the direction vertical to a detection direction and multiple channels of receiving line frames or magnetic bars are arranged forwards along the exploration direction, with the centerof the transmitting line frame as the starting point; a transient electromagnetic transmitter is started to transmit primary fields and multiple channels of synchronous acquisition systems synchronously acquire transient electromagnetic response secondary field signals according to the synchronous signals provided by the transient electromagnetic transmitter; the response signals of disturbing bodies around the transmitting line frame and behind coils and the mutual induction signals of a source coil and multiple channels of receiving coils are fast attenuated forwards and the abnormal response signals of front objects are gradually enhanced forwards; and directional explain for whether low-resistance abnormal bodies exist in front can be carried out according to the amplitudes and changecharacteristics of the signals which are regularly enhanced forwards. The method and the device are suitable for use in the fields such as advanced prediction in tunnels by the transient electromagnetic method and directional detection combining drill holes and the ground or airborne and ocean exploration by the transient electromagnetic method.

The invention discloses a metamaterial. The metamaterial comprises at least one layer of base materials, a plurality of manual micro-structures which are arranged on surfaces of layers of base materials and a plurality of electromagnetic regions, wherein the electromagnetic wave entering all electromagnetic regions is provided with one or more electromagnetic parameter ranges, manual micro-structures in all electromagnetic regions generate electromagnetic response for the electromagnetic wave entering the electromagnetic regions. The metamaterial is divided into a plurality of electromagnetic regions, manual micro-structures in all electromagnetic regions respond to the electromagnetic wave in electromagnetic parameter ranges, the metamaterial design is simplified and the application range of the metamaterial can be enlarged.

A method for measuring magnetotelluric response of the Earth includes measuring transient controlled source electromagnetic response of the subsurface below a body of water over a plurality of actuations of an electromagnetic transmitter. The transient response measurements are stacked. The stacked transient responses are subtracted from measurements of total electromagnetic Earth response over a time period including the plurality of transient response measurements to generate the magnetotelluric response. A method for determining a component of electric field response to a time varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface, includes measuring magnetic field gradient in at least two orthogonal directions in response to the induced electromagnetic field and determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the magnetic field gradient measurements.

A system for evaluating subject objects includes at least one physical source (118) operable to emit electromagnetic energy and driver electronics (111) drivingly coupled to at least one physical source. The driver electronics is configured to drive at least one physical source as a number of logical sources, using an electromagnetic forcing function. The number of logical sources is greater than the number of physical sources In addition, the system includes a sensor (116) configured to receive an electromagnetic response from at least a portion of an evaluation object illuminated by one or more physical sources operated as logical sources, and convert the electromagnetic response to a test response signal indicative of the electromagnetic response of the evaluation object

Method for generating a three-dimensional resistivity data volume for a subsurface region from an initial resistivity model and measured electromagnetic field data from an electromagnetic survey of the region, where the initial resistivity model is preferably obtained by performing multiple ID inversions of the measured data [100]. The resulting resistivity depth profiles are then registered at proper 3D positions [102]. The 3D electromagnetic response is simulated [106] assuming the resistivity structure is given by the initial resistivity model. The measured electromagnetic field data volume is scaled by the simulated results [108] and the ratios are registered at proper 3D positions [110] producing a ratio data volume [112]. A 3D resistivity volume is then generated by multiplying the initial resistivity volume by the ratio data volume (or some function of it), location-by location [114]. A related method emphasizes deeper resistive anomalies over masking effects of shallow anomalies.

Disclosed are a tunable all-dielectric multiband isotropic zero-refractive flat lens and a fabricating method thereof, wherein the lens comprises an all-dielectric composite flat panel and a temperature control device, the all-dielectric composite flat panel is formed by non-metallic non-magnetic dielectric particles which are periodically arranged or randomly arranged into an array solidified in another epoxy resin substrate, and the dielectric constant of the epoxy resin substrate is far less than that of the dielectric particles. The lens is capable of realizing an effective dielectric constant being zero at certain frequency and an effective magnetic conductivity being zero at certain frequency, thereby realizing zero refraction effect and having the isotropic electromagnetic response characteristic. The controllable zero-refractive effect of temperature is realized by utilizing the sensitive response characteristic of the particle dielectric constant upon the temperature. The lens is capable of realizing zero refraction in the interface for an electromagnetic wave source in the lens, thereby changing the outgoing electromagnetic wave into parallel light rays and improving the directionality of light source, and the tunable all-dielectric multiband isotropic zero-refractive flat lens can be widely applied to the electromagnetic wave communication field.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic code basic unit with a self-adaptive function and a metamaterial. The metamaterial comprises N*N 2-bit programmable coding units, wherein N is a non-zero positive integer, an intelligent metamaterial unit structure comprises a metal structure layer, a surface-layer control diode, a dielectric plate layer, a total-reflection zero-transmission layer and a dielectric plate layer, all units can be used for achieving synchronous and independent real-time control by a programmable gate array, and four coding states can be generated and are corresponding tofour reflection phases of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees. The intelligent metamaterial is used for sensing position and angle of the metamaterial by a spectrometer, various types ofapplication such as beam deflection, special-mode orbital angular momentum beam and target radar cross section (RCS) reduction can be generated according to program setting in advance, so that the metamaterial is used for generating different electromagnetic responses under a special space state. The metamaterial has the advantages of simple-layer structure and the like and is easy to process.

An electrically-powered linear motor for a whole body vibration (WBV) machine is disclosed for producing and imparting vibrations to a platform for supporting a user. The linear motor comprises one or more pairs of generally aligned coils for producing electromagnetic responses in one or more magnets, each disposed generally intermediate a pair of coils. Current is intermittently passed through the coils to produce vibrations within a desirable frequency range in the platform.

The invention discloses a wavelength selection type super surface device and belongs to the metamaterial technical field. The wavelength selection type super surface device includes a substrate and a super surface which are successively arranged from bottom to top, wherein the super surface is composed of anisotropic nano unit structural arrays; the super surface includes a plurality of electromagnetic regions; the shapes and sizes of the nanostructures at the same electromagnetic region are identical; the shapes of the nanostructures at different electromagnetic regions are different or the shapes of the nanostructures at different electromagnetic regions are identical but the sizes of the nanostructures at the different electromagnetic regions are different; the nano structural array at each electromagnetic region only generates preset electromagnetic response to electromagnetic waves of specific wavelengths, so that wavelength selection can be realized. With the device of the invention adopted, incident light of different wavelengths can generate OAM (orbital angular momentum) of different topological charges. An ultrathin multi-wavelength optical device designed based on the wavelength selection type super surface device of the invention can be widely applied to wireless communication systems in the future.

The invention discloses a transient electromagnetic response signal horizontal component measuring method and an observation device thereof. A transmitting coil (4) is designed to be provided with two mutually perpendicular symmetry axes. A plane is perpendicular to one symmetry axis and passes through the other symmetry axis to form a reference plane (1). The vertical reference plane (1) is parallel to the first symmetry axis to form a receiving coil winding cylindrical surface (6). A receiving coil (2) is continuously wounded on two sides of the reference plane (1) towards the same direction with the receiving coil winding cylindrical surface (6) as a datum. Finally, signals of the transmitting coil (4) and the receiving coil (2) can be measured and calculated. Through adoption of symmetry of primary-field horizontal component signals of the symmetrical transmitting coil, primary-field induction signals in the receiving coil are mutually canceled so that secondary-field horizontal component signals can be reserved and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of secondary response signal measurement of transient electromagnetism can be guaranteed. Consequently, resolution capability of an exploration system is improved. The transient electromagnetic response signal horizontal component measuring method and the observation device thereof can be applied to the transient electromagnetic exploration field such as in the aviation field, in the ocean field, on the ground and in wells and roadways.

The invention discloses a terahertz double-waveband absorber based on a cross-shaped graphene material. The terahertz double-waveband absorber comprises a metal reflective layer, a dielectric layer and a pattern layer which are arranged in order from bottom to top. The pattern layer is formed by periodically arranged cross-shaped material structure units. Each cross-shaped material structure unitis composed of connected horizontal and vertical strips that perpendicular to each other. The horizontal and the vertical strips are made of graphene. The lattice period d of the cross-shaped materialstructure units is 3 to 5 [mu]m, and each horizontal strip and each vertical strip have a width a of 0.6 to 1 [mu]m and a length b is 1.2 to 2 [mu]m. Also provided is an application thereof. The absorber of the invention has a simple structure, does not require multi-layer material stacking or multiple resonators, is easy to integrate and high in stability, has special electromagnetic response, and has the characteristics of high absorption rate, high sensitivity, and flexible regulation.

The invention discloses a metamaterial with low-frequency negative magnetic permeability. The metamaterial comprises a resonant coil, a dielectric substrate and a resonant capacitor. The resonant coil comprises planar, square and spiral metal wires, is connected with the resonant capacitor and is positioned on one surface of the dielectric substrate, and the resonant capacitor is positioned on the other surface of the dielectric substrate. Electromagnetic response can be generated by the resonant coil and the resonant capacitor when electromagnetic waves are transmitted onto the metamaterial, the metamaterial has characteristics of equivalent negative magnetic permeability characteristics around working frequencies, the resonant coil comprises the planar, square and spiral metal wires, the number of turns of the coil is 2-6, the distances between the metal wires range from 0.2 mm to 4.0 mm, the widths of the metal wires range from 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, the magnitude of the resonant capacitor ranges from 10 pF to 100 pF, and accordingly the working frequencies of the metamaterial range from 13.55 MHz to 14.47 MHz. The metamaterial, has the advantages that the energy transmission distances can be extended, the energy transmission efficiency can be improved, and the metamaterial is thin and small.

The topology of the elements of a metamaterial can be engineered from its desired electromagnetic constitutive tensor using an inverse group theory method. Therefore, given a desired electromagnetic response and a generic metamaterial elemental design, group theory is applied to predict the various ways that the element can be arranged in three dimensions to produce the desired functionality. An optimizer can then be applied to an electromagnetic modeling tool to fine tune the values of the electromagnetic properties of the resulting metamaterial topology.

The invention relates to a metamaterial antenna housing which comprises at least one metamaterial sheet layer, wherein each metamaterial sheet layer comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, wherein at least one artificial micro structure is attached on the surface of the first substrate, which faces towards the second substrate, the artificial micro structure comprises four branches sharing an intersection joint, one end of any one branch is connected with the intersection joint, the other end of the branch is a free end, the branch comprises at least one bending part, and any branch sequentially clockwise rotates for 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG with the joint as a rotating center and respectively coincides with other three branches. Through attaching the artificial micro structure with a special shape on the substrate, needed electromagnetic response is obtained, so that wave transparent performance of the metamaterial antenna housing is enhanced, and antijamming capability is increased.

The invention relates to a fractional order electromagnetic anomalous diffusion three-dimensional simulation method of rational function approximation, and aims at calculating three-dimensional time-domain induction-polarization double field response of a fractional order Cole-Cole model. The method mainly comprises the steps of establishing a Cole-Cole model fractional order transfer function andan n-odrer rational approximation function based on a frequency domain rational function approximation method, and making the sum of the real part and the imaginary part of an error function as a target function; achieving linearization of the target function through an instrumental variable technique, and obtaining an optimal approximation rational function by adopting a linear programming approach; obtaining a time-domain mode of a conductivity by adopting a partial fraction expansion method and inverse laplace transformation; putting the time-domain mode in a Maxwell equation, deducing aniterative equation of an electromagnetic field based on a finite difference method, and achieving fractional order Cole-Cole model three-dimensional electromagnetic response value calculation. The fractional order electromagnetic anomalous diffusion three-dimensional simulation method of the rational function approximation has the advantages of fast and accurately simulating the fractional order Cole-Cole model three-dimensional time-domain electromagnetic response and providing theoretical foundation for research on abnormal electromagnetic diffusion in a polarization medium.