152 results about "Osteoblast" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and discloses a probiotic agent capable of improving the physiological activity function of vitamin D and maintaining bone health and application of the probiotic agent. The invention provides a probiotic agent composed of bifidobacterium adolescentis and bifidobacterium longum, the probiotic agent can significantly improve the bone mineral density, the bone trabecula thickness, the bone trabecula number, the bone trabecula connectivity and the bone volume fraction of an osteoporosis mouse, and meanwhile, the bone trabecula separation degree of the osteoporosis-removed mouse is significantly reduced; the level of vitamin D metabolites such as 25-hydroxy vitamin D and 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D in mouse serum is improved; the content of serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase in serum of mice is reduced, and the level of osteocalcin and type I procollagen amino terminal peptide in the serum is improved. The probiotic agent can relieve bone calcium loss, maintain bone health, repair bone injury, increase osteoblasts and reduce the osteoporosis degree, and can be used for preparing drugs for preventing and / or treating osteoporosis or preparing health care products or food beneficial to improving bone mineral density.

The invention discloses an antler bone strengthening peptide for promoting bone repair as well as a screening method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material polypeptides. And the antler bone strengthening peptide is one of G40, G44 and G45. Grinding and crushing the antler, homogenizing the lysate, performing ultrasonic centrifugation, precipitating protein with methanol, centrifuging and discarding the supernatant; extracting, desalting, and freeze-drying to obtain a antler polypeptide extract; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detection, Peaks 8 search software and De Novo method analysis are adopted, according to the conditions that ALC is larger than or equal to 95%, local context is larger than or equal to 95%, Area is larger than or equal to 1000000 and an NCBI database, free polypeptide is obtained through comparison, the biological activity probability, the peptide fragment toxicity and the sensitization of the peptide fragment are predicted, and candidate polypeptide is obtained; synthesizing candidate polypeptides by a solid-phase synthesis method; the influence of the candidate polypeptide on osteoblast proliferation is evaluated, and the antler bone strengthening peptide is screened out. The antler bone strengthening peptide promotes osteoblast proliferation, and reveals a potential bone repair mechanism of the antler bone strengthening peptide.

The invention discloses a bone-strengthening lactoprotein extract as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of deep processing of cow milk. The bone-strengthening milk protein extract contains bone-strengthening active peptide FYPELFR. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) pasteurization; (2) separating casein; (3) pepsin hydrolysis; (4) trypsin hydrolysis; (5) purifying and desalting; and (6) concentrating and drying. The bone-strengthening active peptide and the bone-strengthening lactoprotein extract containing the bone-strengthening active peptide can be combined with integrin alpha v beta 1 through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonds, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts are promoted by activating a specific signal channel, proliferation of the osteoblasts is promoted, and the bone-strengthening active peptide and the bone-strengthening lactoprotein extract can be used for development of bone-strengthening functional food or drugs and have important significance on deep processing of cow milk.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical supplies, and discloses a newborn head shape correcting pillow which comprises a pillow body, a positioning seat is arranged at the top end of the pillow body, an air conveying port is fixed to the outer portion of the positioning seat, a self-adaptive mechanism is installed at the bottom end of the positioning seat, a traction mechanism is arranged in the positioning seat, and a measuring mechanism is installed in the pillow body. Through cooperation of micro motors, a winding drum, an elastic band and other structures, the device can make a flexible silica gel head ring sleeve the forehead of a newborn, the multiple sets of micro motors are started to drive the winding drum to wind the elastic band, the traction direction is cooperatively controlled through the double motors, vector adjustment in a three-dimensional space is achieved, and the device accurately acts on a skull malformation area; the intermittent traction force can activate osteoblast activity of skull sutures, increase the local bone deposition rate and correct the head shape of the newborn, so that the aim of conveniently improving the correction efficiency of the device is achieved.

The invention discloses a decellularized amniotic membrane matrix composite scaffold, a preparation method thereof and application of the decellularized amniotic membrane matrix composite scaffold in orbital bone defect repair, and relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering and biomedical materials. In order to solve the limitation of an existing orbit implant material, methacrylic anhydride (MA) is grafted to HAM, methacrylate HAMMA hydrogel is synthesized, and then the decellularized amnion matrix composite scaffold (HAMMA / HAP / BMP-2) is prepared by combining a simulated body fluid biomimetic mineralization method with 3D printing and ultraviolet curing. The composite scaffold material prepared by the invention can regulate the release of BMP-2 and maintain the effective drug concentration of a bone defect area so as to regulate the immune microenvironment of an early bone defect repair area, collect osteoblasts and accelerate the repair of bone defects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical osteogenesis materials, and particularly relates to a titanium-based material surface PDPASr (at) CO coating with osteogenesis promoting and antibacterial functions and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that S1, a titanium-based material is soaked in an alkali solution and placed in a vacuum drying oven to be subjected to alkali heat treatment; s2, allowing the titanium-based material to stand under a dark condition, soaking the titanium-based material in a polydopamine solution for 20-28h, and then taking out the titanium-based material; s3, preparing a mixed solution system containing PAH, SrCl2 and NaOH, standing the titanium-based material under a dark condition, soaking the titanium-based material in the mixed solution system for 20-30 hours, and then taking out the titanium-based material; s4, the titanium-based material is soaked in a ferroferric dodecacarbonyl solution, the titanium-based material is taken out after being shaken and reacted for 20-30 h in a shaker under the dark condition, and the titanium-based material with the PDPASr (at) CO coating on the surface is obtained.The PDPASr (at) CO coating on the surface of the titanium-based material has the excellent osteogenesis performance, the spreading, early differentiation and late mineralization effects of osteoblasts can be obviously promoted, and the titanium-based material has the good application prospect. And under the condition of near-infrared light irradiation, the material shows excellent antibacterial performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to a preparation process of novel composite bone cement with biological activity, which comprises the following steps: calcining calcium phosphate in a calcining furnace at 800-1000 DEG C for 3 hours, cooling to 20 DEG C, grinding the calcium phosphate by using a grinding machine until the diameter is less than 100 mu m, and drying to obtain the novel composite bone cement with biological activity. Calcium phosphate micro powder is obtained; by fusing the calcium phosphate, the nano-hydroxyapatite, the bioglass and the collagen, the material has a mechanical support function of an inorganic phase and biological activity of an organic phase, the nano-hydroxyapatite is extremely similar to human bone minerals and can promote osteoblast attachment and growth, and the collagen constructs a bionic microenvironment and accelerates new bone formation, so that the material can be used for treating osteoporosis. The bone repair efficiency is obviously improved.

The invention provides a nutrition enhancer beneficial to bone health of middle-aged and elderly people, a preparation method of the nutrition enhancer and application of the nutrition enhancer in preparation of medial care food, and belongs to the field of nutritious food. The nutrient supplement comprises a plant fermentation product, osteopontin peptide, collagen peptide, N-acetylglucosamine and calcium, vitamins and mineral substances can be added, and the plant fermentation product is obtained by performing anaerobic fermentation on rhizoma drynariae and chestnuts through a complex microbial inoculant composed of lactobacillus reuteri and bifidobacterium longum subsp. Longum; the collagen peptide is prepared by performing enzymolysis on bovine bones through alkaline protease and flavourzyme; the hydrogel is prepared by adopting a sodium alginate-calcium chloride-carboxymethyl chitosan micro-capsule embedding process. An in-vitro experiment shows that the nutrition enhancer can remarkably promote osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization; animal experiments show that the bone mineral density of osteoporosis model mice can be effectively improved. The nutrition enhancer disclosed by the invention is suitable for preparing care food and bone health products, and has a remarkable effect of improving bone health of middle-aged and elderly people.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly discloses dihydroartemisinin-loaded nano-hydrogel, which is prepared from the following components: 5 to 20 percent of gelatin methacryloyl, 5 to 15 percent of nano-hydroxyapatite and 0.5 to 2 percent of dihydroartemisinin, according to the invention, through the constructed Ge MA-nHA-DHA functionalized hydrogel system, the local concentration and bioavailability of dihydroartemisinin are remarkably improved, and the repair and regeneration of bone tissues are promoted. Research results show that the system can effectively inhibit inflammatory response, promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, improve the structure and function of bone tissues, slow down further collapse of femoral heads and finally improve the living quality of patients. In addition, the biological material shows good biocompatibility and appropriate drug release characteristics when applied in vivo, and a novel effective means is provided for treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.

The invention discloses a milk-derived polypeptide for promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bioactive peptides. The invention provides a milk-derived bioactive peptide WLKPDPS. The milk-derived bioactive peptide WLKPDPS has extremely high biological safety and a function of promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. The milk-derived bioactive polypeptide WLKPDPS disclosed by the invention has an obvious effect of promoting osteoblast proliferation, can obviously promote osteoblast mineralization, and is expected to be used for preparing medicines for promoting osteoblast proliferation and preventing osteoporosis. The milk-derived bioactive polypeptide WLKPDPS is convenient to synthesize, can be industrially produced, and has a good application prospect in the fields of foods, medicines, cosmetics and the like.

The application discloses a functional composition for improving bone and joint health, a conditioner and application. The functional composition comprises a first active component and a second active component; the first active component comprises elastin peptide, haematococcus pluvialis and ergothioneine; and the second active component comprises one or more of houttuynia cordata and non-denatured type II collagen. The application realizes the protection effect on joint, cartilage and bone health by scientific matching of the components and synergistically improving the glycosaminoglycan level in chondrocytes and the osteocalcin level in osteoblasts. Meanwhile, the components in the functional composition for improving bone and joint health are natural and have good biocompatibility, and have no obvious side effects, so that the application provides a kind of drug or a substitute for the treatment and prevention of bone diseases.

The application discloses a jaw bone defect negative pressure repair body with a flushing function and a preserved periosteum, which comprises a base body, the base body is a titanium alloy net structure formed by 3D printing, two ends of the base body are adapted to be attached to bone broken ends, and an outer surface of the base body is adapted to be contacted with jaw bone periosteum, the base body is internally provided with a negative pressure suction pipeline penetrating through the base body, an outer pipe opening of the negative pressure suction pipeline is connectable to a negative pressure suction device, a pipe wall of the negative pressure suction pipeline is distributed with through holes formed by the titanium alloy net structure, and a reserved flushing pipeline is arranged around an outer periphery of the negative pressure suction pipeline, and the reserved flushing pipeline is distributed with flushing holes around the outer periphery. The repair body has the following functions: promoting growth and differentiation of osteoblasts on the surface of the bone broken ends and the periosteum, and promoting new bone formation; and being capable of discharging tissue exudates and the like out of the body.

The present invention discloses a polypeptide for enhancing osteoblast activity. The polypeptide of the present invention has stable chemical properties, is easy to synthesize on a large scale at low cost, has high biocompatibility, is non-toxic, and can be widely used in the prevention and treatment of orthopedic diseases.

The present invention relates to the use of a polysaccharide from pitaya branches, and relates to the field of pharmaceutical technology. The present invention provides a use of a polysaccharide from pitaya branches in the treatment of osteoporosis. The polysaccharide is an extract obtained from pitaya branches by water extraction. The polysaccharide from pitaya branches promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, improves bone biomechanics, and is significantly effective in preventing and treating osteoporosis.

The invention discloses oyster pallium hexapeptide with an effect of promoting osteogenesis as well as a preparation method and application of the oyster pallium hexapeptide. The amino acid sequence of the oyster pallium hexapeptide is Phe-Phe-Glu-Pro-Lys-Phe. Fresh oyster mantle is used as a raw material, pepsin and trypsin are used for hydrolysis and centrifugation to obtain supernate, then ultrafiltration is carried out to obtain filtrate with the molecular weight being 1000 Da or below, finally freeze drying is carried out, the sequence of oyster hydrolytic peptide is obtained through mass spectrum identification, and by means of a molecular docking technology and a database prediction simulation method, the oyster hydrolytic peptide is obtained. Oyster peptide with high osteogenesis promoting capacity is screened from a plurality of peptide sequences. The oyster hexapeptide obtained by the invention has the effects of improving osteoblast proliferation and differentiation capacity and improving dexamethasone-induced zebra fish bone loss, and can be used as a beneficial dietary supplement in related products for delaying bone loss.

The purpose of the present invention is to three-dimensionally culture osteoblasts produced with a direct conversion technique, and to provide a three-dimensional bone-like tissue composed of the osteoblasts and bone matrix. The present invention relates to, for example, a method for producing an osteoblast-containing three-dimensional cell mass, comprising: a first step for performing direct conversion from somatic cells of mammals into osteoblasts; a second step for subjecting cells having undergone the first step to high-density culture, and forming a cell sheet containing the osteoblasts; and a third step for obtaining an osteoblast-containing three-dimensional cell mass from the cell sheet obtained in the second step.

The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a treatment process of a hydrophilic implant. According to the process, the implant is sequentially subjected to sand blasting and acid etching, compound acid solution activation, gradient alkaline neutralization, multi-stage ultrasonic cleaning, low-temperature plasma modification, nitrogen protection ultraviolet radiation and normal saline sealing storage treatment. Through a multi-step synergistic effect, a stable hydrophilic micro-nano structure is constructed on the surface of the implant, a large number of Ti-OH hydrophilic groups are formed, carbon and hydrogen atom adsorption is effectively isolated, and the problems that the hydrophilicity of an existing implant is prone to loss, osteoblast climbing is difficult, and the healing period is long are solved. The implant treated by the process is durable and stable in hydrophilicity, the healing period after implantation is shortened to about one month, the planting survival rate is remarkably increased, the process is green and safe, and industrial production can be realized.

The present invention discloses a composite skull repair hydrogel material with a patterned adhesion-promoting surface and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following: 1) using a precipitation method to prepare mesoporous manganese dioxide (MMD), then combining a cyclic ultrasonic loading method to load osteogenic drugs in the pores of the MMD, and using an in-situ free radical polymerization method to coat a sustained-release polydopamine (PDA) coating on its surface to obtain MMD-O-PDA; 2) MMD-O-PDA is evenly mixed with an amino-containing UV-curable polymer solution, placed on a custom PDMS mold with a special patterned surface, covered with a transparent quartz sheet, and UV-cured and demolded; 3) in situ grafting of adhesion proteins on the surface of the composite hydrogel material with a cross-linking agent, and the hydrogel material is obtained after ultra-frequency dialysis. The material has a highly efficient cell adhesion-promoting effect, can quickly enrich osteoblasts in the defect site, and simultaneously has anti-inflammatory and full-cycle osteogenic effects, thereby efficiently promoting the repair of skull defect sites.

The invention provides a cereal dietary fiber, a composite dietary fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, and the cereal dietary fiber comprises the following components based on the total weight of the cereal dietary fiber: less than or equal to 2% of oil content, less than or equal to 5% of starch content, more than or equal to 50% of total dietary fiber content, and more than or equal to 2% of soluble pentosan content. According to the cereal dietary fiber provided by the invention, osteoblasts can be remarkably increased, and the sparse degree of bone trabecula can be improved, so that the cereal dietary fiber has the effect of improving bone metabolism, and is particularly suitable for improving bone metabolism of old people. Furthermore, by compounding the cereal dietary fiber and the inulin provided by the invention, the cereal dietary fiber and the inulin have a synergistic effect, and as a food raw material, the food texture can be improved, and the nutrition can be improved; and one or more effects of improving the anti-aging and anti-oxidation effects of the body, regulating intestinal flora, relieving chronic inflammation, improving the athletic ability and cognitive ability, improving the immunity and the like are also facilitated.

This invention discloses a method for preparing leek seed extract and its applications. The method includes two-phase solvent extraction, crystallization, liquid-phase preparation of active ingredient A, gel column preparation of active ingredient B, and low-temperature drying. The preparation process of this invention is simple and efficient, and the obtained leek seed extract is light in color and has a strong effect on promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. It can be applied in the fields of pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics related to the prevention of osteoporosis.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and particularly discloses a composition and application thereof in improving articular cartilage health. The composition comprises sodium hyaluronate, colostrum basic protein and N-acetylglucosamine, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium hyaluronate to the colostrum basic protein to the N-acetylglucosamine is (1-2): (1-2): (1-8). The composition disclosed by the invention can be used for increasing the bone mineral density, increasing the number of osteoblasts, promoting cartilage growth and increasing the content of II-type collagen in an animal body, so that the bone joint function can be effectively improved, and a new method is provided for joint maintenance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical materials and bone tissue engineering, and discloses preparation and application of a self-piezoelectric aluminum nitride film / cavity assembly structure for promoting large-section critical bone defect repair. The thin film is based on the piezoelectric property of AlN, the self-power-generation capacity in the physiological vibration environment is achieved by optimizing the cavity structure, and the surface current density of AlN is remarkably improved. The film provided by the invention can continuously provide stable bio-electricity signals under the conditions of no polarization treatment and no external physical stimulation, so that the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts are promoted. In-vivo experiments show that the film / cavity assembly structure can effectively repair the critical bone defect of the rabbit femur without a stent, and is superior to an existing piezoelectric material. The limitation that a traditional piezoelectric bone repair material depends on external stimulation and a stent is broken through, and an innovative strategy with high clinical transformation potential is provided for bone tissue repair.

The invention discloses a functional composition capable of improving bone and joint health, a conditioner and application. The functional composition comprises a first active component and a second active component, the first active component is prepared from elastin peptide, haematococcus pluvialis and ergothioneine; the second active component is prepared from one or more of herba houttuyniae and non-denatured type II collagen. Through scientific compatibility of all the components, the levels of glycosaminoglycan in chondrocytes and osteocalcin in osteoblasts are synergistically improved, and the protection effect on joint, cartilage and skeleton health is achieved. Meanwhile, a plurality of components in the functional composition capable of improving the health of the bones and the joints are natural in source, good in biocompatibility and free of obvious side effects, and a medicine or an alternative scheme thereof is provided for treatment and prevention of the bone diseases.

The application provides a traditional Chinese medicine granule for improving osteoporosis and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. Codonopsis pilosula, drynaria rhizome, epimedium and eucommia are subjected to deep eutectic solvent extraction, purification, and preparation of a traditional Chinese medicine extract, water extraction, dialysis and drying of pilose antler to prepare pilose antler protein peptide; water extraction and alcohol precipitation of cistanche to prepare cistanche polysaccharide; after modification of hydroxyapatite by citric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and beta-cyclodextrin, the product is prepared by inclusion of calcium salt, alpha-cholecalciferol and vitamin D3, and then mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine extract, the pilose antler protein peptide and the cistanche polysaccharide to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine granule for improving osteoporosis. The prepared traditional Chinese medicine granule for improving osteoporosis can promote the synthesis of collagen and bone matrix protein, inhibit bone resorption, promote bone remodeling and enhance the activity of osteoblasts, and has a good improvement effect on osteoporosis, bone fracture and other symptoms, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nutritional health-care food and biological medicine, and particularly relates to a composite peptide composition with bone and cartilage growth promoting ability and a preparation method, application and a product of the composite peptide composition. The composite peptide composition provided by the invention consists of marine fishbone collagen peptide, chondropeptide and eggshell membrane peptide. The composite peptide composition and the composite peptide preparation are good in safety, and the survival rate of chondrocytes and osteoblasts treated by hydrogen peroxide can be remarkably increased. Gene expressions of ACAN, COL1 alpha1, COL2 alpha1, CHST3, HAS3 and OCN in chondrocytes and osteoblasts are up-regulated, and it is prompted that the compound has protection and promotion effects on bone-related cell functions. The composite peptide composition and the composite peptide preparation synchronously act on bone longitudinal growth and cartilage health through multi-target design, provide comprehensive nutrition support for bone and cartilage synergistic development, and have the characteristics of high safety, comprehensive functions and good palatability.

The application belongs to the field of biomedical materials and bone tissue engineering technology, and discloses a preparation and application of a self-piezoelectric aluminum nitride film / cavity assembly structure for promoting repair of large segment critical bone defects. The film is based on the piezoelectric properties of AlN, and through optimization of the cavity structure, self-power generation capability under a physiological vibration environment is realized, and the surface current density of AlN is significantly improved. The film can continuously provide stable bioelectric signals without polarization treatment and external physical stimulation, thereby promoting adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. In vivo experiments show that the film / cavity assembly structure can effectively repair rabbit femoral critical bone defects without a scaffold, and is superior to existing piezoelectric materials. The application breaks through the limitations of traditional piezoelectric bone repair materials which depend on external stimulation and scaffolds, and provides an innovative strategy with high clinical conversion potential for bone tissue repair.

The invention provides application of disulfiram in preparation of a medicine for treating calcified aortic valve diseases, and belongs to the field of biological medicine. The disulfiram is used for intervening in-vitro cultured valvular interstitial cells and a mouse in-vivo calcified aortic valve stenosis model, and experimental results show that the disulfiram can inhibit the capability of differentiating the valvular interstitial cells to osteogenic phenotypes, relieve extracellular calcification deposition and relieve aortic valve calcification and stenosis. Therefore, the disulfiram can be used as a medicine for treating the calcified aortic valve disease and has a wide application prospect.

The application discloses an active peptide for promoting bone growth, and a preparation method and application thereof. The active peptide contains amino acid sequences GPAGPLGPV, LGVPLPL, FLPEPPQEE and SFLPEPPQE, and is derived from an enzymatic product of animal bone collagen. The average molecular weight of the enzymatic product is 500-1000 Da, and the mass percentage of components with a molecular weight less than 1000 Da is greater than 60%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially performing acid treatment, alkali treatment, extraction, filtration and ion exchange on animal bone, and then performing enzymolysis on the animal bone under the action of a protease to obtain an enzymolysis solution, wherein the protease is selected from alkaline protease, trypsin and papain; and the enzymolysis solution is separated and purified, wherein the separation and purification comprises ultrafiltration membrane grading and chromatographic separation, the cut-off molecular weight of the ultrafiltration membrane is 3kDa, and the chromatographic separation comprises gel chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography separation. The low-molecular active peptide obtained by the application can promote the proliferation and / or differentiation of osteoblasts, improve the alkaline phosphatase activity, has a small molecular weight and is easy to be absorbed and utilized by the body, has a wide raw material source, has a simple and controllable preparation process, and has a good application prospect.

To provide osteoblasts and compositions comprising the osteoblasts for treating bone diseases.SOLUTION: Disclosed is an osteoblast having both proliferation ability and differentiation ability, where the osteoblast has higher expression levels of connexin 43, RUNX2 and collagen type 1A compared with those of undifferentiated stem cells and mature osteocytes; higher expression levels of angiopoietin and alkaline phosphatase compared with those of undifferentiated stem cells; and lower expression levels of osterix, osteocalcin and osteopontin compared with those of mature osteocytes. Also, the osteoblast has a lower Ki-67 expression level compared with that of undifferentiated stem cells.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

This invention relates to the field of biomedical materials technology, and more particularly to a method for preparing a hydroxyapatite bone tissue engineering scaffold, comprising the following steps: preparing acetylated or alkylated modified cellulose nanocrystals; using the modified cellulose nanocrystals as a biodispersant to synthesize hydroxyapatite; and using the synthesized hydroxyapatite to prepare a bone tissue engineering scaffold. The preparation method of this invention is simple, requires minimal experimental conditions, and does not require expensive equipment; it also does not introduce organic surfactants, and the dispersant used is essentially harmless to the environment and organisms; the prepared HA exhibits good dispersibility; and the hydroxyapatite bone tissue engineering scaffold has good biocompatibility, which is beneficial for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and for the structural remodeling and construction of bone defect tissue.