415 results about "Bone cell" patented technology

This invention provides novel nanofiber enhanced surface area substrates and structures comprising such substrates for use in various medical devices, as well as methods and uses for such substrates and medical devices. In one particular embodiment, methods for enhancing cellular functions on a surface of a medical device implant are disclosed which generally comprise providing a medical device implant comprising a plurality of nanofibers (e.g., nanowires) thereon and exposing the medical device implant to cells such as osteoblasts.

An implantable device for facilitating the healing of voids in bone, cartilage and soft tissue is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes a cartilage region comprising a polyelectrolytic complex joined with a subchondral bone region. The cartilage region, of this embodiment, enhances the environment for chondrocytes to grow articular cartilage; while the subchondral bone region enhances the environment for cells which migrate into that region's macrostructure and which differentiate into osteoblasts. Another embodiment is arranged for the local delivery of therapeutic agent. A preferred embodiment is a porous resorbable implant, wherein the therapy delivery may be localized in nature, rather than systemic, such that higher doses at the target site may be allowed than would be tolerable by the body systemically.

An implantable device for facilitating the healing of voids in bone, cartilage and soft tissue is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes a cartilage region comprising a polyelectrolytic complex joined with a subchondral bone region. The cartilage region, of this embodiment, enhances the environment for chondrocytes to grow articular cartilage; while the subchondral bone region enhances the environment for cells which migrate into that region's macrostructure and which differentiate into osteoblasts. A hydrophobic barrier exists between the regions, of this embodiment. In one embodiment, the polyelectrolytic complex transforms to hydrogel, following the implant procedure.

The present invention provides methods of improving the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of a bone matrix, e.g., a dermineralized bone matrix (DBM), by exposing the bone matrix to one or more treatments or conditions. In preferred embodiments the bone matrix is derived from human bone. The treatment or condition may alter the structure of the bone matrix and/or cleave one or more specific proteins. Cleavage may generate peptides or protein fragments that have osteoinductive, osteogenic, or chondrogenic activity. Preferred treatments include collagenase and various other proteases. The invention further provides improved bone and cartilage matrix compositions that have been prepared according to the inventive methods and methods of treatment using the compositions. The invention further provides methods of preparing, testing, and using the improved bone matrix compositions. Ona assay comprises exposing relatively undifferentiated mesenchymal cells to a bone matrix composition and measuring expression of a marker characteristic of osteoblast or chondrocyte lineage(s). Increased expression of the marker relative to the level of the marker in cells that have been exposed to a control matrix (e.g., an inactivated or untreated matrix) indicates that the treatment or condition increased the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of the bone matrix. Suitable cells include C2C12 cells. A suitable marker is alkaline phosphatase. The inventive methods increase the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of human DBM when tested using this assay system.

Bioactive molecules have been coated on nanotubular structured titanium substrates by molecular plasma deposition. The coatings promote cell adhesion and are particularly suited for orthopedic implants that provide improved bone cell adhesion and new tissue growth. Nanodimensional features on titanium substrates are engineered using electrochemical anodization techniques. The nanostructured surfaces provide superior support for a wide selection of polypeptide coatings.

Methods and devices are described for the regulation of bone morphogenetic protein gene expression in bone cells via the application of fields generated by specific and selective electric and electromagnetic signals in the treatment of diseased or injured bone. By gene expression is meant the up-regulation or down-regulation of the process whereby specific portions (genes) of the human genome (DNA) are transcribed into mRNA and subsequently translated into protein. Methods and devices are provided for the targeted treatment of injured or diseased bone tissue that include generating specific and selective electric and electromagnetic signals that generate fields optimized for increase of bone morphogenetic protein gene expression and exposing bone to the fields generated by specific and selective signals so as to regulate bone morphogenetic protein gene expression in such bone tissue. The resulting methods and devices are useful for the targeted treatment of bone fractures, fractures at risk, delayed unions, nonunion of fractures, bone defects, spine fusions, osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis, as an adjunct to other therapies in the treatment of one or all of the above, and in the treatment of osteoporosis.

The present invention discloses agents and methods for inducing osteoblastic cellular differentiation, as well as the use of such agents and method to treat patients to maintain bone mass, enhance bone formation and/or bone repair. Exemplary agents include oxysterols, alone or in combination with particular oxysterols, or other agents known to assist in bone formation. The invention further includes medicaments including oxysterols for the treatment of bone disorders, local injections of oxysterols or cells (206) and implants (202) having agents or cells (203) to facilitate bone repair.

Compositions and methods for the treatment of bone diseases, bone fractures, bone injuries and other bone abnormalities involving the use of Dkk protein, a Wnt antagonist, a Wnt inhibitor, or any other related protein for the stimulation or enhancement of mineralization and for stimulating the renewal of cells. One Dkk protein, Dickkopf-2 (Dkk-2), acts to stimulate bone formation independently of Wnt proteins which may be inhibited and/or antagonized by Dkk-2. Dkk-2 displayed enhanced specific targeting ability and enhanced biological activity in stimulating or enhancing mineralization. Dkk-2 also played a role in the differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, particularly in osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis.

The present invention relates to placenta tissue-derived multipotent stem cells and cell therapeutic agents containing the same. More specifically, to a method for producing placenta stem cells having the following characteristics, the method comprising culturing amnion, chorion, decidua or placenta tissue in a medium containing collagenase and bFGF and collecting the cultured cells: (a) showing a positive immunological response to CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105, and showing a negative immunological response to CD31, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR; (b) showing a positive immunological response to Oct4 and SSEA4; (c) growing attached to plastic, showing a round-shaped or spindle-shaped morphology, and forming spheres in an SFM medium so as to be able to be maintained in an undifferentiated state for a long period of time; and (d) having the ability to differentiate into mesoderm-, endoderm- and ectoderm-derived cells. Also the present invention relates to placenta stem cells obtained using the production method. The inventive multipotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, osteogenic cells, nerve cells, satellite cells, fat cells, cartilage-forming cells, osteogenic cells, or insuline-secreting pancreatic β-cells, and thus are effective for the treatment of muscular diseases, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, nervous diseases, diabetes and the like, and are useful for the formation of breast tissue.

The present invention provides a composition including an isolated or recombinant peptide component that has osteogenic cell proliferative activity. The peptide, which promotes proliferation of osteoblasts, is useful for treatment of fractures, as a filler in deficient sites of bone, for inhibition of decrease in bone substance related to osteoporosis and periodontic diseases, and for prevention of fractures associated with osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The peptide, or cells that have been genetically engineered to produce the peptide, can be combined with a bone-compatible matrix to facilitate slow release of the peptide to a treatment site and/or provide a structure for developing bone.

A method for growing bone cells. In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for growing bone cells, comprising the steps of (a) anodizing a titanium substrate to form an array of titanium dioxide nanotubes on a surface of the titanium substrate, (b) subjecting the anodized titanium substrate to a radio frequency plasma discharge to chemically modify the array of titanium dioxide nanotubes formed on the surface of the titanium substrate, (c) seeding bone cells onto the surface of the titanium substrate that has an array of titanium dioxide nanotubes thereon after the subjecting step, and (d) incubating the seeded bone cells for a period of time effective for the cells to grow and proliferate.

A transplant material which is capable of imparting desired mechanical properties, elevating bone tissue repair speed and improving biocompatibility. This transplant material comprises an artificial and biologically inactive material, which is to be implanted in vivo as a substitute for bone tissue, and at least one type of cells selected from among osteoblasts and precursory osteoblasts which are adhered to the surface of the artificial material so that the artificial material is coated with the bone matrix produced by the cells. The artificial material involves not only a biologically inactive material but also a biologically inactive material coated with a biologically active substrate. This transplant material is produced by culturing mesenchymal stem cells collected from a living body to differentiate into at least one type of cells selected from among osteoblasts and precursory osteoblasts and then culturing the cells together with the artificial material to thereby adhere the differentiated cells on the surface of the artificial material and coat the surface of the artificial material with the bone matrix produced by the differentiated cells.

Compositions and methods are provided for modulating the growth, development and repair of bone, cartilage or other connective tissue. Devices and stimulus waveforms are provided to differentially modulate the behavior of osteoblasts, chondrocytes and other connective tissue cells to promote proliferation, differentiation, matrix formation or mineralization for in vitro or in vivo applications. Continuous-mode and pulse-burst-mode stimulation of cells with charge-balanced signals may be used. Bone, cartilage and other connective tissue growth is stimulated in part by nitric oxide release through electrical stimulation and may be modulated through co-administration of NO donors and NO synthase inhibitors. Bone, cartilage and other connective tissue growth is stimulated in part by release of BMP-2 and BMP-7 in response to electrical stimulation to promote differentiation of cells. The methods and devices described are useful in promoting repair of bone fractures, cartilage and connective tissue repair as well as for engineering tissue for transplantation.

Compositions and methods are provided for modulating the growth, development and repair of cartilage, bone or other connective tissue. Devices and stimulus waveforms are provided to differentially modulate the behavior of chondrocytes, osteoblasts and other connective tissue cells to promote proliferation, differentiation, matrix formation or mineralization for in vitro or in vivo applications. Continuous-mode and pulse-burst-mode stimulation of cells with charge-balanced signals may be used. Cartilage, bone and other connective tissue growth is stimulated in part by nitric oxide release through electrical stimulation and may be modulated through co-administration of NO donors and NO synthase inhibitors. The methods and devices described are useful in promoting repair of bone fractures, cartilage and connective tissue repair as well as for engineering tissue for transplantation.

The 121-amino acid isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF₁₂₁) is linked by a flexible G4S tether to a cytotoxic molecule such as toxin gelonin or granzyme B and expressed as a soluble fusion protein. The VEGF₁₂, fusion protein exhibits significant anti-tumor vascular-ablative effects that inhibit the growth of primary tumors and inhibit metastatic spread and vascularization of metastases. The VEGF₁₂₁ fusion protein also target osteoclast precursor cells in vivo and inhibits osteoclastogenesis.

A multi-region device for repair, regeneration or reconstruction in articular tissue injury such as torn ligaments and tendons is provided. The device comprises at least one degradable material and biocompatible non-degradable polymeric fiber-based material, in a three-dimensional braided scaffold. The two end sections are designed for attachment of the device at the site of implantation and are designed to allow bone cell ingrowth, and one or more middle regions are designed to allow ligament or tendon cell ingrowth.

A structural/biological implant and method of use. The implant being utilized as a single or multiple staged system that is designed to encourage new alveolar bone growth with or without the need to obtain autologous bone. The implant has an apical portion that is fastened into existing bone, with the remainder of the implant left outside of existing bone. The exposed portion of the implant may have an external shape or configuration with a variety of attached and/or integrally formed mechanical retention and stability elements. Osteotropic/angiotropic material may be associated with the implant to induce and or conduct new bone growth and possible vascularization, thus, rather than fitting the implant into the bone, the bone is grown integratively with the implant. The osteotropic/angiotropic materials may be simultaneously placed with the staged implant to provide consistent stabilization for the materials and to provide an immediately available surface for bone cell adhesion and growth. The invention thus allows implants to be used in location where the volume and/or shape of the bone would not be adequate for existing implant systems.

A method of generating cultured chondrocytes/endochondral bone cells is disclosed. The method comprises isolating chondrocytes from mandibular condyle tissue, and culturing said isolated chondrocytes.

The invention relates to a human amnion mesenchymal stem cell serum-free culture medium and a culture method thereof. The culture medium is formed by adding human serum albumin, human transferrin, human insulin and sodium selenite into a DMEM/F12 basic culture medium. The culture method for the culture medium comprises the following steps of: digesting human amnion by using trypsin, then digesting the human amnion by using collagenase IV and deoxyribonuclease I, and filtering the mixture to obtain single cell suspension; and adding the human serum albumin, the transferrin, the insulin and the sodium selenite into the DMEM/F12 basic culture medium in a ratio of VDMEM to VF12 of 1:1, and putting human amnion mesenchymal stem cells in a 37 DEG C CO2 incubator with saturated humidity and volume fraction of 5 percent under the serum-free condition, wherein culture in vitro and amplification are realized by solution change and transfer of culture, potentiality of multi-direction differentiation is maintained, and the amplified cells can be induced in vitro to form cartilage cells, osteoblasts and adipocytes. The culture medium and the culture method have the characteristics of no other animal sources, wide source and no limitation of ethics.

Described is a new bone healing method and class of bone fixation implants that change shape once implanted so as to minimize non-healing and speed the bone healing process. The bone fixation method involves shape changing implants that continuously hold the bones in apposition so that a gap does not form. Gaps in time allow non-bony tissue to infiltrate and stop healing. Furthermore, the implants actively compress bone to increase bone mass and strength. Bone cell pressure due to compression and electrical current flow due to bone deformation act to stimulate healing. The new implant designs also provide a scaffolding to conduct bone through the implant and across the healing bone interface. The methods and designs are applicable to but not limited to use for bone screws, plates, staples, rods, cylinders and external fixation devices.

The invention relates to new use of taurochenodeoxycholic acid, in particular to the new use of the taurochenodeoxycholic acid in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Through the study on taurochenodeoxycholic acid, the inventor found that the taurochenodeoxycholic acid can promote bone cells to secrete osteocalcin and improve lowered bone density. Thus, the taurochenodeoxycholic acid can beused in prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. After being administrated directly or being formed into various formulations, the taurochenodeoxycholic acid can be used for preventing or treating osteoporosis and other related diseases or states of osteoporosis.

The invention provides icariin application in inducing stem cell in vitro orientation differentiates to several single type cells. The stem cell said includes embryonic stem cell, nerve stem cell and marrow mesenchyme stem cell. The single type cell includes nerve cell, bone cell, islet cells and endothelial cell. This invention also relates to application of the single type cell in preparing medicine of stem cell transplant curing nerve degenerative diseases, and its application in preparing cell differentiation agent that used to repair recovery injured nerve tissue, and its application in high efficiency drug effect screening model rebuilding and initial screening and estimating by using the model. The new applications of the icariin is extended in this invention, the fact of icariin contains pharmacy activity clarified, so it provides material basis for Chinese traditional medicine prevention and cure effect. The clarifying of drug effect mechanism provides reference for new medicine Chinese metical modern development with self-owned intellectual property right.

The invention relates to the field of bone tissue engineering, in particular to bone tissue repair ink, a bone tissue repair composition and a bone tissue repair bracket, and preparation methods thereof as well as a kit. The bone tissue repair ink and a bioactive carrier wrapping cells are used as raw materials, and the bone tissue repair bracket is printed according to a preset three-dimensionalstructure by adopting a biological printer. Meanwhile, living cell printing is realized by adopting the bone tissue repair ink and the bioactive carrier as the raw materials. The cells are uniformly distributed on a bracket model formed by the bone tissue repair ink and difficultly slide down to the bottom of the bracket, so that the problem that the expression of some characteristic proteins of the cells is easily lost in the prior art is effectively solved. The growth of the cells on the bracket is facilitated. A human body bone cell growth environment is better simulated, the cell proliferation, the directional differentiation and the specific protein expression are promoted, the extension and the migration of the cells in the bone tissue bracket and the cell junction establishment arefacilitated, and an organic construction body is formed.

The present invention discloses the design and fabrication of highly porous (up to 97%) scaffolds from biodegradable polymers with a novel phase-separation technique to generate controllable parallel array of micro-tubular architecture. The porosity, diameter of the micro-tubes, the tubular morphology and their orientation may be controlled by the polymer concentration, solvent system and temperature gradient. The mechanical properties of these scaffolds are anisotropic. Osteoblastic cells are seeded in these 3-D scaffolds and cultured in vitro. The cell distribution and the neo-tissue organization are guided by the micro-tubular architecture. The method has general applicability to a variety of polymers, therefore the degradation rate, cell-matrix interactions may be controlled by the chemical composition of the polymers and the incorporation of bioactive moieties. These micro-tubular scaffolds may be used to regenerate a variety of tissues with anisotropic architecture and properties.

Textured nanostructured surfaces are described which are highly resistant to cell adhesion. Such surfaces on medical implants inhibit fibroblast adhesion particularly on titanium treated silicone. The surfaces can also be engineered so that other cell types, such as endothelial and osteoblast cells, show little if any tendency to attach to the surface in vivo.

The invention features methods for increasing or maintaining the number of functional cells of a predetermined type in a mammal (e.g., a human patient), for example, the insulin producing cells of the pancreas, liver cells, spleen cells, or bone cells, that has injured or damaged cells of the predetermined type or is deficient in cells of the predetermined type.

A method of inducing biomineralization in a tissue, which method comprises administering to the tissue a source of Phosphophoryn (PP) in an amount sufficient to induce biomineralization; a method of treating tooth sensitivity or injured pulp tissue; a method of inducing differentiation of a cell into an osteogenic cell or odontogenic cell; a method of inducing bone or dentin regeneration; a method of inducing periodontal regeneration; a method of inducing differentiation of a cell into a cementoblast, osteoblast, or periodontal ligament cell; and a composition comprising a source of PP and a carrier.

The invention relates to compositions and methods of treatment using an iron chelator, an antioxidant, estrogen, and/or combinations thereof, optionally, linked to a nanoparticle, to treat a subject in need thereof. The compositions and methods may be used to restore or protect the normal functions of osteoblast and osteoclast by depleting iron and inhibiting oxidative damage. The compositions and methods may also be used to increase the bone formation rate in a subject.

The invention provides an inducing method and inducing culture medium for differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts in vitro. The inducing culture medium is composed of 1*10<-8> mol/L of dexamethasone, 50 mu mol/L of ascorbic acid and 10 mmol/L of sodium beta-glycerophosphate; and solvent is a supernatant of a sclerite complete culture medium and comprises 10% of fetal calf serum, 100 U/mL of penicillin, 100 mg/L of streptomycin, a mixture of DMEM culture fluid and F12 culture fluid and multiple growth factors secreted by bone cells in the sclerite culture process. According to the invention, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of a mouse are purified by replacing the cell culture fluid through an adherent cell passage method, the obtained cells of the first generation are induced, and the supernatant of the sclerite complete culture medium cultured for 72-96 hours is used as the solvent of osteoblast differentiation inducer, thereby obviously improving the in vitro osteogenic differentiation efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

The preparation method of porous collagen composite nano hydroxyapatite artificial bone includes the following steps: firstly preparing nano hydroxyapatite, then preparing collagen solution, adding collagen solution into the hydroxyapatite powder body, finally mixing them and making them into pasty material, freeze-drying so as to obtain the invented porous collagen composite nano hydroxyapatite artificial bone.