The invention discloses biomimetic mineralized porous
aerogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of natural
polymer-based composite materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving
sodium alginate
powder in a weakly alkaline
aqueous solution containing
phosphate to obtain a uniformly dispersed precursor solution; freezing treatment is performed to form frozen gel with an ice
crystal template structure; immersing the frozen gel into a solution containing
calcium ions, and synchronously realizing crosslinking of a
sodium alginate network and in-situ mineralization of hydroxyapatite at low temperature to obtain mineralized composite gel; finally, the mineralized composite gel is subjected to
solvent replacement and normal-pressure
drying treatment, and the biomimetic mineralized
aerogel is prepared. According to the method, ionic crosslinking and in-situ mineralization are synergistically realized through a one-
step method, the process is simple and efficient, expensive equipment is not needed, and the cost is low. The prepared
aerogel has a rich pore structure, a high specific surface area and good
biological activity, and has a wide application prospect in the fields of environmental adsorption materials, biological
scaffold materials and the like.