396 results about "Biomechanics" patented technology

The invention discloses a thoracoscope minimally invasive cardiac surgery navigation system based on multi-modal image fusion, and the system comprises the steps: constructing a 5D heart digital twin containing an anatomical structure, a soft tissue boundary, metabolic activity and electrophysiological information through fusing preoperative CT, MRI, PET and intraoperative ultrasonic images; real-time dynamic registration is realized by using an electrocardio gating driven biomechanical model; superposing the multi-color coding navigation information to the visual field of the thoracoscope through a wavelength selection type spectroscope; a dynamic risk scoring model is constructed based on the distance, the speed and the tissue vulnerability, and three-level grading intervention is triggered; a miniature force feedback actuator is integrated to realize closed-loop control; and pre-operation virtual drilling and post-operation federal learning optimization are supported. The system remarkably improves the surgical precision and safety, and is suitable for high-difficulty heart minimally invasive surgeries such as mitral valve repair and atrial fibrillation ablation.

The invention relates to the technical field of action recognition, in particular to a competitive sports-oriented skeleton trajectory deep learning compensation method and system, and the system comprises a data preprocessing module, a data integrity evaluation module, a core compensation network, a biomechanical rationality optimization module, a personalized habit encoder and an advanced compensation path. Compared with the prior art that a single trajectory compensation model is generally adopted, challenges of shielding scenes of different degrees are difficult to effectively deal with, and the problem of insufficient short-time shielding compensation precision or trajectory distortion under long-time shielding often occurs, an intelligent routing mechanism based on data integrity evaluation is adopted, and the method has the advantages that the complexity is reduced, and the reliability is improved. Through dynamic switching of a basic compensation path and an advanced compensation path fused with personalized prediction, adaptive processing of different shielding scenes is realized, reconstruction precision under short-time shielding is ensured, track rationality and continuity under a long-time shielding scene are remarkably improved through motion trend prediction, and the reconstruction precision is improved. And the practicability and the reliability of the system in an actual competitive environment are enhanced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and provides a scale detection and scale conversion method and system based on an ultrasonic image, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a discrimination function fusing multi-modal features according to the spectral basis functions of different scales, and determining the scale contour of the scales in the ultrasonic image; the design can dynamically adapt to the spectral characteristics and structural characteristics of the scale, can effectively cope with the interference of scale diversity, ultrasonic speckle noise and the like of equipment of different manufacturers, and ensures the stability of scale positioning and subsequent conversion; the method comprises the following steps of: establishing a biomechanical-image deformation coupling model by taking a scale contour of a scale in an ultrasonic image as a geometric reference and combining biomechanical characteristics of an ultrasonic probe and tissues to obtain a corrected pixel distance between adjacent scale points of the scale; and curvature compensation for eliminating refraction errors of ultrasonic waves in curved tissues is introduced to correct a scale pixel-millimeter conversion coefficient, so that the pixel-millimeter conversion error rate is reduced to 1.2%, which is far lower than the level of a traditional method.

The invention discloses a real-time measurement method and system for martial arts striking mechanical characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of sports biomechanical measurement, and the method comprises a multi-sensor signal acquisition step, a mechanical characteristic extraction step, a biomechanical analysis step, a technical style evaluation step and a result output and feedback step. According to the system, an intelligent target and wearable sensor cooperative measurement framework is adopted, a piezoelectric force sensor array is arranged in the intelligent target to collect a three-dimensional impact force time history curve, and a wearable inertial measurement unit collects kinematics parameters; performing reverse dynamic analysis based on a rigid dynamic chain model, and calculating joint torque contribution and energy transfer efficiency; technical style identification is realized through matching with a mechanical characteristic fingerprint database; and outputting a striking mechanical parameter report and personalized training suggestions. The technical problem that the striking effect in traditional martial art training is difficult to quantitatively evaluate is solved.

The invention provides an intraoperative path optimization method and system based on solid tumor preoperative image analysis, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional model of a tumor and peripheral blood vessels and nerves according to a preoperative image, and carrying out the dissection risk marking of the three-dimensional model through a deep learning model, generating an anatomical risk image with risk gradient value distribution; taking the minimum intraoperative bleeding amount and the highest tumor excision rate as a reward function, combining the three-dimensional model, an anatomical risk image and historical similar case data, and simulating multiple operation paths based on an adversarial reinforcement learning algorithm to obtain an optimal operation path; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the pose, ultrasonic image and fluorescence image of a surgical instrument in real time during surgery, matching the preoperative image with the intraoperative image based on a biomechanical model driven non-rigid registration algorithm, predicting organ displacement, and correcting an optimal surgical path, thereby avoiding accidental injury of key tissues, ensuring that an infiltration area is brought into the surgical path in time, and improving the surgical efficiency. Residues are reduced, and static planning failure is avoided.

The invention relates to the field of computer vision, artificial intelligence and intelligent fitness, and particularly discloses a fitness action recognition, counting and quality evaluation method based on machine vision, which comprises the following steps of: extracting video frames and standardizing the video frames, realizing background suppression and human body region enhancement through a semantic segmentation or inter-frame difference method, and outputting a standardized image sequence; detecting key joint points by adopting a pre-training model, and outputting a stable skeleton sequence and candidate action stage data through time sequence consistency filtering; reconstructing a feature tensor, fusing spatio-temporal features through double-branch attention collaboration, and outputting action categories and time sequence compensation parameters in a classified manner; a dynamic threshold method accumulates the number of actions, action qualification is judged in combination with biomechanical constraints, the confidence coefficient is optimized, and a structured result is output; bone rendering, error highlighting, voice generation and personalized training suggestions. According to the method, wearable equipment is not needed, the problems of instable identification, miscounting and the like in a complex scene are solved, and real-time accurate analysis is realized.

The invention relates to a self-adaptive movement method and system based on an intelligent rehabilitation device, and relates to the field of intelligent rehabilitation devices.The method comprises the steps that biomechanical data are collected; extracting multi-dimensional motion features from the biomechanical data, and combining a preset multi-stage standard motion template library to obtain a current motion state; identifying a current motion phase based on the current motion state; matching a standard motion template of a corresponding stage from a multi-stage standard motion template library according to the current motion stage; combining the current motion state with a standard motion template to obtain a motion parameter deviation risk value; when the motion parameter deviation risk value exceeds a preset risk threshold value, generating a motion adjustment strategy according to the standard motion template and the motion parameter deviation risk value; and performing adaptive motion adjustment on the intelligent rehabilitation device based on the motion adjustment strategy. The method has the effect of adapting to the actual motion states of the user in different stages.

The invention relates to a Bayesian-based VR table tennis motion track backstepping method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, acquiring original VR motion data; 2, preprocessing the VR motion data; step 3, constructing physiological priori knowledge; 4, constructing angle constraint priori knowledge; 5, solving forward motion; step 6, Bayesian solution is carried out; and step 7, visualizing the motion trail. According to the method, state space modeling is taken as a core, human body biomechanical prior and high-order Markov time sequence constraint are fused, adaptive noise observation and variational Bayesian reasoning are combined, and real-time updating and uncertainty quantification are realized in parallel through a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit).

The invention discloses an orthodontic appliance design method and system based on biomechanics and an orthodontic appliance, and relates to the technical field of orthodontics, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining oral cavity information of a target object, and constructing an initial dental digital model according to the oral cavity information; determining a target dental digital model for optimizing an occlusion relationship according to the initial dental digital model, and generating an orthodontic appliance model according to the target dental digital model; respectively calculating the movement track of each tooth according to the initial dental digital model and the target dental digital model; and correcting the orthodontic appliance model according to the movement track so as to form extruding parts and avoiding parts which are alternately arranged in a tooth socket of the orthodontic appliance model. According to the invention, the teeth can be naturally aligned, the risk of tooth root absorption or alveolar bone injury is reduced, and the orthodontic effect on the teeth is ensured.

The invention discloses a motion visual evaluation system and method combining attitude motion and visual training, and relates to the technical field of digital medical treatment and visual health, and the system comprises a biomechanics-attitude acquisition module which integrates a three-dimensional force sensor, a high-precision joint angle sensor, an inertial measurement unit sensor group and a depth camera; synchronously collecting joint torque, ground reaction force, muscle power output, joint angle and posture offset; through a mechanics-vision correlation model of the data processing module, how the biomechanical characteristics influence the visual response and the feedback effect of the visual task on the biomechanical state can be deeply excavated, the improvement of the posture and the visual ability is concerned, the training strategy can be optimized from the biomechanical level, and the training efficiency is improved. And a key basis is provided for the evaluation feedback module to output a multi-dimensional report containing collaborative rating, biomechanical optimization direction and visual adaptation suggestions.

The invention relates to the technical field of radiotherapy, and discloses a multi-modal image fusion guided chest tumor adaptive radiotherapy system. The system comprises an asynchronous bimodal sensing module, a spectrum preprocessing module, a parameter inversion module, a boundary construction module and a biomechanical calculation module. According to the method, the feedback voxel-level velocity field is utilized to execute Lagrange reverse warping on the high-energy projection with physical time delay, and motion artifacts are eliminated; and dynamically updating the Young modulus of the lung tissue mechanical model based on the inverted real-time electron density, and solving a full-field three-dimensional displacement field in combination with double boundary conditions of body surface flexibility and internal skeleton rigidity so as to reconstruct a tumor target region and generate a beam control instruction. According to the method, through closed-loop interaction of image physics and biomechanics, the problems of dual-energy imaging motion artifact interference and insufficient lung tissue fixed parameter modeling precision are solved, and accurate self-adaptive tracking of a tumor target region is realized.

The invention discloses a hip joint moment prediction method and system based on general cooperative constraint, and belongs to the technical field of sports biomechanics and artificial intelligence. The method comprises the following steps: S1, inputting only hip, knee and ankle joint angles as input data; s2, moment collaborative feature extraction; s3, collaborative constraint loss design; s4, training a plurality of models and optimizing parameters; and S5, model verification and performance evaluation. According to the method, the hip joint moment data is subjected to collaborative analysis to extract the collaborative matrix, and the collaborative matrix is embedded into the loss function of any deep learning model to serve as a biomechanical prior constraint, so that the accuracy and physiological rationality of prediction of the hip joint moment of the ONFH patient are improved, and a universal, extensible and interpretable intelligent prediction framework is realized.

The invention discloses an AI insole modeling system based on multi-modal biomechanics and a 3D printing method, and relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, and the AI insole modeling system specifically comprises an external parameter calibration module, an image processing module, a three-dimensional reconstruction module, a measurement and analysis module, a foot database establishment module, an insole database modeling module and an insole 3D printing module. Based on the biomechanical principle and the digital medical technology, a full-link digital service system of three-dimensional scanning, AI modeling and 3D printing is constructed, firstly, based on a foot scanning and analysis system of multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction, through the processing flow of camera calibration, image distortion removal, semantic segmentation, multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement, a full-link digital service system of three-dimensional scanning, AI modeling and 3D printing is constructed; and finally, key parameters of the foot length, the foot width, the hallux valgus angle and the flatfoot degree are output, high-precision foot modeling and measurement are achieved, accurate customization of the orthopedic insoles is achieved, and the device is suitable for the fields of medical diagnosis, orthopedic shoe customization and sports science and has the characteristics of high precision, automation and modularization.

The invention discloses an intelligent clothing design and template generation method and system, and relates to the technical field of clothing intelligent plate making, and relates to multi-physics field modeling, dynamic simulation, reverse optimization and iterative output technologys.The method comprises the steps that a biomechanical human body model containing skeletal muscle groups and a multi-physics field coupling model of initial clothing piece templates and fabric parameters are constructed; defining a target pressure curve; driving a human body to execute preset actions, and calculating a dynamic pressure field and a wrinkle discomfort index through explicit dynamics; constructing a loss function fusing the pressure goodness of fit and the wrinkle index, solving a gradient by using an adjoint method, and accelerating reverse optimization in combination with a physical information neural network agent model; the system comprises corresponding function modules, parameters can be automatically adjusted according to the motion posture, it is ensured that the dynamic pressure is always close to a target curve, and the functionality and comfort level of clothes are improved.

The invention discloses an orthokeratology parameter optimization method and system, a medium and a product, and relates to the technical field of data processing. By implementing the method, the system is optimized to obtain the corneal topographic maps of the patient before and after the standardized mechanical stress is applied, and point-to-point comparison is carried out, so that the corneal dynamic response deformation map for quantifying actual corneal deformation is obtained. The individualized corneal shaping response coefficient calculated based on the corneal dynamic response deformation map objectively reflects the sensitivity of the cornea of the patient to the mechanical stress. Different from related technologies which only depend on static data and empirical formulas, the method has the advantages that the orthokeratology lens parameter set is subjected to targeted correction through the individualized orthokeratology response coefficient, on one hand, the shaping effect deviation caused by the difference of individual cornea biomechanical characteristics (such as elasticity and viscosity) can be corrected, and on the other hand, the orthokeratology lens parameter set can be corrected; and on the other hand, a finally generated personalized orthokeratology lens parameter set can be more predicated and matched with an actual orthokeratology result.

This invention discloses a composite microsphere loaded with ZIF-8 nanoparticles and stem cell extracellular vesicles, its preparation method, and its applications. The composite microsphere comprises a hydrogel matrix microsphere, and ZIF-8 nanoparticles and small extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells uniformly dispersed and encapsulated within the hydrogel matrix microsphere. This invention integrates ZIF-8 nanoparticles and stem cell-derived sEVs into injectable, photocurable GelMA microspheres, constructing an integrated delivery platform capable of sequential release and multi-stage synergistic effects. This platform successfully integrates and leverages three major functions: immunomodulation, stem cell recruitment, and cartilage-induced differentiation, ultimately achieving high-quality functional healing of the tendon-bone interface at both histological and biomechanical levels, providing a highly promising new strategy for the regeneration and repair of interfacial tissues in the musculoskeletal system.

A system for determining at least one biomechanical property of a reproductive cellular structure includes a radiation source for generating illuminating radiation, at least one optic for directing the illuminating radiation onto at least a portion of the reproductive cellular structure, a detector for detecting at least a portion of radiation scattered from the reproductive cellular structure, a spectrometer for generating a frequency spectrum of the detected scattered radiation, and an analyzer. The analyzer is configured to identify at least one Brillouin frequency shift in the frequency spectrum for the at least a portion of the reproductive cellular structure, and determine viability of the reproductive cellular structure based on the at least one Brillouin frequency shift.

The present application relates to a kind of method and system for evaluating sports suit tension band structure performance, belong to sports clothing performance analysis technical field, solve the problem that evaluation means lacks unified objective standard in prior art, cannot be reused.The method includes: quantitative analysis is carried out to the sports suit to be evaluated, and the tension band is represented using corresponding structure parameter vector;The structure parameter vector of tension band is applied to the parameterized human biomechanics three-dimensional model, and finite element simulation experiment is carried out, and one or more mechanical intermediate variable vectors under the action of tension band are collected;Mechanical intermediate variable vector is used in pre-trained Gaussian process regression proxy model to predict, and the kinematic characteristic change amount before and after the sports suit to be evaluated is obtained;The comprehensive performance of the sports suit to be evaluated is evaluated based on kinematic characteristic change amount.The present application can quantitatively evaluate the performance of sports suit tension band structure, realizes efficient, reusable performance evaluation.

The invention relates to the technical field of exoskeletons, in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom hip joint mechanism which comprises a motor outer ring and a motor inner ring, two sets of positioning pins are fixedly connected to the top of the motor outer ring, a limiting block is fixedly connected to one side of the motor inner ring, and a ball bearing is slidably connected to the outer side of a transmission shaft. A self-reset spring is installed at the bottom of the connecting piece, a coating is arranged on the inner side surface of the connecting piece, and a sensing element is fixedly connected into the second hinge. The connecting piece, the transmission shaft, the ball bearing and the joint shell are arranged, the motion trail of the mechanism is highly matched with the real biomechanical characteristics of the hip joint of the human body, the problems that a traditional mechanism is rigid in motion and poor in fitting degree are solved, the positioning pin, the limiting block, the self-reset spring, the bionic coating and the sensing element are arranged, motion range protection is provided, and the reliability is high. Buffering damping and automatic resetting are achieved, and durability and smoothness are improved.

Bone and joint surface reconstruction methods are disclosed for the therapeutic amelioration of joint defects caused by various conditions, injuries, and diseases to help eliminate or reduce pain and return the joint to its proper bio-mechanical function without the need to replace fully or partially the anatomical joint. The joint may specifically include mammalian joints such as the femorotibial joint, for example. The methods disclosed herein leverage the significant role the subchondral bone plays in the health status of the afflicted joint.

The invention provides a thoracic surgery teaching assistance method and system, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a thoracic surgery virtual operation interaction environment based on a digital twin technology, and endowing a virtual thoracic cavity tissue model with initial biomechanical parameters; an operation instruction data sequence of an operator for the virtual surgical instrument is collected in real time through the man-machine interaction interface; based on the operation instruction data sequence, calculating an operation disturbance characteristic index representing the motion dispersion degree of an operator in real time by using a sliding time window algorithm; establishing a dynamic evolution mapping model of an operation disturbance characteristic index and a biomechanical parameter, dynamically correcting an initial biomechanical parameter of the virtual tissue according to the index calculated in real time, and when the index exceeds the standard, controlling the parameter to deviate to an easily damaged state so as to simulate histopathologic change caused by rough operation; and performing physical collision response calculation and three-dimensional picture rendering according to the evolved model. According to the invention, dynamic coupling of operation behaviors and organization characteristics is realized, and the physical reality sense of teaching is improved.

This invention discloses a numerical characterization method for gas explosion damage based on in vivo biological damage correction, belonging to the interdisciplinary field of explosion mechanics and biomedicine. The method first acquires multi-dimensional damage data of organisms in gas explosion experiments, constructs a fluid-structure interaction numerical model of the gas explosion flow field in the tunnel and a biomimetic finite element model of the organism, solves the model using an improved arbitrary Lagrange-Euler algorithm, and extracts dynamic biomechanical response parameters. A quantitative correlation between mechanical response and damage level is established through a multi-objective collaborative correction model and an ordered Probit correction model. After iterative optimization, a high-confidence gas explosion-induced biological damage prediction model is output. This invention forms a complete closed loop of simulation-experiment-correction, which can accurately characterize gas explosion biological damage, providing technical support for research on explosion injury mechanisms, assessment of protective effectiveness, and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The invention provides a post-retinal detachment reduction body position management method and system and wearable equipment, and relates to the technical field of medical monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: continuously acquiring head motion data through an inertial measurement unit integrated on head-mounted equipment, resolving the data through an embedded processor to obtain a real-time head posture angle, and comparing the real-time head posture angle with a preset rehabilitation position angle range to generate a posture comparison result; meanwhile, neck strain signals are collected through a flexible strain sensor array, and biomechanical characteristic signals are obtained through signal conditioning; and finally, the two types of data are fused, and a judgment result of the consistency of the overall body position of the user is generated through a classification algorithm, so that multi-modal data fusion analysis is realized, the postoperative body position state can be accurately monitored in real time, immediate feedback is provided, and the accuracy of body position management and patient compliance are effectively improved.

The invention relates to a medical beauty implant material intelligent optimization method and system based on artificial intelligence, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the performance parameters of different medical beauty implant materials, capturing the anatomical features of a patient through 3D scanning and MRI images, and carrying out the statistics of the personalized biological data of the patient; s2, constructing a multi-task learning model and training based on a multi-target supervised learning data set, wherein the target is to predict the performance of different implant material formulas in a medical beauty implant environment; s3, performing multi-objective optimization by adopting an NSGA-III algorithm to obtain an optimal implant material formula; s4, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the patient by using a reverse modeling technology based on anatomical features of the patient; and S5, based on the three-dimensional model, according to the optimal implant material formula and the personalized biological data, simulating the biomechanical characteristics of the patient by utilizing finite element analysis, and outputting biocompatibility scores and suitability suggestions of the material in different implant environments. According to the method, the clinical requirements on customized design and application of the medical beauty implant material are effectively met.

The application discloses a joint cartilage stress dynamic monitoring system based on flexible sensing and AI and belongs to the technical field of medical health monitoring.The application solves the problem that the prior art can only measure single-point pressure or strain and cannot obtain full-field three-dimensional stress distribution of a cartilage contact surface, and the system function stops at monitoring and does not form a monitoring-to-warning closed loop, quantifies uncertainty through a Bayesian neural network, provides a reliable basis for clinical decision-making, combines multidimensional biomechanical characteristics and an attention mechanism, accurately focuses on a stress key area, significantly improves the precision and individualization level of joint cartilage health evaluation, helps early detection and prevention of injury, classifies stress abnormalities, implements accurate early warning, and formulates an individualized treatment scheme according to uncertainty results and cartilage health indexes, and customizes a rehabilitation training plan according to user conditions, and improves the scientific nature of joint injury prevention and rehabilitation.

Particulated and reconstituted tissues comprising small, densely packed tissue microparticles encapsulated in a tissue specific promoting gel packed at a percolation threshold that can be transplanted into damaged tissue thereby facilitating regeneration following trauma to the tissue. The engineered microparticle construct for tissue replacement and repair, as taught herein, provides numerous benefits including (1) encouraging a regenerative response in damaged tissue regions, (2) mimicking the structural support of native tissue, (3) establishing an environment that promotes attachment, migration, and differentiation of infiltrating stem cells, and (4) providing a source of growth factors and other anti-catabolic growth factors and cytokines. Tissue specific microparticles packed together at, or past, their percolation threshold will provide the necessary mechanical environment and to best recapitulate and integrate with native tissue. The packing of microparticles, derived from the ECM of native tissue to a concentration past the percolation point will yield both the necessary biochemical and biomechanical properties necessary for reconstituting a specific tissue.

The instant invention is a device for aiding and enabling physical rehabilitation of patients with lower body disabilities. It is adaptable to a wide population of patients with varying sizes, bodyweights, conditions and pathologies. By customizing kinetic and kinematic movement parameters through the programmable control system, patients and therapists can start at an existing disabled state and progress to the desired rehabilitated state. The device is configured around a “Sit-to-Stand” movement which is a medical and therapeutical industry standard which can be measured and rated. Throughout the therapy motion, the patient is safely constrained and guided through a biomechanically sound pathway. Usage data is collected, stored and managed into reports in formats that are prescribed by doctors, therapists and insurance entities. The device is developed to be effective patient rehabilitation, efficient use of time and effort, and productive for clinical or home use.

The invention discloses an orthopedic postoperative rehabilitation training method based on biomechanical feedback. The method comprises the following steps: synchronously collecting joint kinematics, myoelectricity and plantar pressure multi-source data of a patient; performing time sequence alignment and noise suppression on the data; constructing an individualized biomechanical function evaluation model, and generating a dynamic score covering the joint motion range, the muscle symmetry, the gait stability and the load tolerance; the training intensity, the auxiliary support and the rest time are adjusted in a self-adaptive mode based on the deviation between the score and the stage target; voice with clinical semantics and visual feedback are generated; and the evaluation and regulation strategy is continuously optimized through the closed-loop learning module. According to the technical scheme, precision, individualization and intelligentization of rehabilitation training are achieved, the recovery efficiency is effectively improved, and the risk of secondary injury is reduced.

The invention provides a footwear design method based on gait biomechanics and a footwear, which integrate an integrated process of foot biomechanics modeling, dynamic gait data acquisition, multi-region lattice structure configuration, multi-target collaborative optimization and additive manufacturing, and realize direct mapping from individual biomechanics characteristics to personalized footwear products. The fundamental problem that a traditional shoe design cannot meet the differential biomechanical requirements of multiple areas of the foot in the dynamic gait cycle at the same time is solved, and systematic and accurate adaptation is achieved.

This application relates to the field of smart medical technology and discloses a method and system for monitoring medication adherence in patients during ovulation induction cycles. This invention significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of ovulation induction medication adherence assessment in complex home environments by deeply integrating the real physical boundaries of the human body, the mechanical rigidity constraints of instruments, and the fluid dynamics laws of porous media into a visual monitoring framework. Specifically, this application utilizes dynamic pixel physical mapping and biomechanical filtering technology to effectively eliminate the interference of lens distortion and physiological tremors, reconstructing a pure kinematic sequence. By using a finite state machine with dual boundaries of force application and limit, it accurately identifies and coherently processes the mid-process pauses caused by patients' fear of pain, completely solving the defect of traditional algorithms that are prone to logical breaks.