110 results about "Total knee" patented technology

A method is provided for performing a total knee arthroplasty. The method includes making a primary incision near a knee joint of a patient and resecting medial and lateral condyles of the femur of the leg to create at least one femoral cut surface. The resecting step is performed without dislocating the knee joint. The method also includes balancing various ligament tensions to obtain desired tension and moving a femoral component of a total knee implant through the primary incision. The method further includes positioning the femoral component with respect to the at least one femoral cut surface.

One or more rigid components associated with an articulating bone are used to encase, encapsulate, contain, or otherwise protect a compressible / resilient member. The embodiments are applicable not only to artificial disc replacement (ADR) devices, but also to joint situations including total knee and hip arthroplasty. The cushion elements in the preferred embodiments include synthetic rubbers, hydrogels, elastomers, and other polymeric materials such as viscoelastic polymers and foam polyurethanes. The invention effectively combines the advantages of such materials (cushioning, shape memory, and expansion after insertion in the case of hydrogels), while providing increased protection, particularly the elimination of shear stresses. When applied to an ADR, the invention also minimizes the risk of extrusion.

A knee prosthesis is provided for use in knee arthroplasty. In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a tibial prosthesis having a tibial baseplate with a fixed medial bearing component and a mobile lateral bearing component. In one exemplary embodiment, the lateral bearing component is secured to the lateral portion of the tibial baseplate utilizing at least one prosthetic ligament. Additionally, in one exemplary embodiment, a stop is provided to limit anterior or posterior movement of the lateral bearing component relative to the tibial baseplate. For example, the stop may be defined by cooperating shoulders formed on the lateral bearing and the tibial baseplate.

An Extramedullary system of alignment for total knee arthroplasties uses a small diode laser at the center of the knee adjustable to the longitudinal axis of the femur to triangulate the center of the femoral head. It utilizes a V-Frame positioning device that fits into the distal femoral intercondylar notch and is tangent to the articular surfaces of the notch. It is also parallel to the anterior femoral cortex by using a removal tongue flange that sits flat on the filed surface of the anterior cortex. This prepositions the Distal Femoral Resector Guide within a few degrees of the center of the femoral head. An adjustment knob on the V-Frame pivots the distal femoral resector guide to the exact center of the femoral head for that particular patient accomplishing fine adjustment of the longitudinal axis of the femur. There is only one position where the laser beam will go through the center of the target no matter where you position the leg and that is when the target's bulls-eye is exactly over the rotational center of the femoral head. Since the laser confirms this position, the surgeon is assured that the alignment is accurate. The Distal Femoral Resector Guide is then fixed to bone with fixation pins and the resection made with a power saw. The laser is moved to the target mount to act as a longitudinal “laser ruler” for the remainder of the operation.

Systems and processes for tracking anatomy, instrumentation, trial implants, implants, and references, and rendering images and data related to them in connection with surgical operations, for example total knee arthroplasties (“TKA”). These systems and processes are accomplished by using a computer to intraoperatively obtain images of body parts and to register, navigate, and track surgical instruments.

A femoral component (100) for a total knee joint replacement has a modular structure including a number of segments (102, 112), each of the segments (102, 112) having a femoral fixation surface (104, 114) for attachment to the distal end of a femur and at least one assembly surface (108) for joining with an adjacent segment (102, 112) of the modular femoral component (100). The assembly surfaces (108) are generally planar and arranged to be oriented generally in a plane extending in a proximal-distal direction and in an anterior-posterior direction when the femoral fixation surface (104, 114) is positioned on the distal end of the femur. Although the assembly surfaces (108) are generally planar, they may be shaped or provided with complementary structures (120) to assure self-alignment when the segments (102, 112) are assembled.

A prosthetic knee implant for implantation into a mammal, which accommodates an anterior cruciate ligament substitute to provide stability to the knee implant. The prosthetic knee implant includes a femoral component having a pair of condylar surfaces and a tibial component having a surface portion adapted to slidably engage the femoral component upon rotation of the same. The femoral component further includes a recess between the condyles defining an aperture through the femoral component. The tibial component further includes a center portion defining an aperture through the tibial component substantially at its center. The femoral aperture and the tibial aperture are adapted to receive an anterior cruciate ligament substitute for biasing the mammalian femur and tibia together. Also disclosed is a method used to replace the total knee joint in a mammal with the improved prosthetic knee implant of the present invention.

Instrumentation, systems, and processes for tracking anatomy, instrumentation, trial implants, implants, and references, and rendering images and data related to them in connection with surgical operations, for example total knee arthroplasties (“TKA”). These instrumentation, systems, and processes are accomplished by using a computer to intraoperatively obtain images of body parts and to register, navigate, and track surgical instruments. Disclosed in this document are also alignment modules and other structures and processes which allow for coarse and fine alignment of instrumentation and other devices relative to bone for use in connection with the tracking systems of the present invention.

A ligament and bone conserving prosthesis for total knee resurfacing includes a distal femoral component which resurfaces the weight bearing portions of both femoral condyles and the trochlear groove. The prosthesis also includes implants to independently resurface the medial and lateral tibial plateaus in an inset manner. Also disclosed are apparatus and methods for performing the total knee resurfacing utilizing a minimally invasive, bone and ligament conserving manner.

An apparatus for resecting the distal face of either the left or right femur at a predetermined valgus angle relative to the patient's intramedullary canal prior to implanting the femoral component of a total knee prosthesis. The apparatus has a distal elongate sword having a longitudinal axis and being adapted for insertion into the intramedullary canal of the femur. A proximal handle is connected to and has a longitudinal axis coaxial with the sword. A base cartridge is fixed intermediate the sword and handle and has an axial passage extending therethrough. A face plate is fixed at the distal end of the base cartridge and is adapted to abut the face of the natural distal femur. The face plate is oriented at the predetermined valgus angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the sword. A cutting jig connects to the base cartridge. The cutting jig has a guide plate with at least one blade slot adapted to receive and guide a cutting blade, and a bracket that supports the guide plate and detachably engages the axial passage and orients the at least one blade slot at the predetermined valgus angle relative to the longitudinal axis.

The present invention generally comprises a fixed bearing prosthesis and a mobile bearing prosthesis. The fixed bearing prosthesis comprises a tibial component, a femoral component and a meniscal component and addressees the loss of congruency during deep knee flexion and the possible direct, repetitive contact of the tibial and femoral components. The tibial component of the fixed bearing prosthesis includes a tibial platform having an anterior and posterior edge. The meniscal component of the fixed bearing prosthesis includes a posterior ridge overlapping the posterior edge of the tibial platform that prevents metal-to-metal contact during deep knee flexion. The mobile bearing prosthesis comprises generally a tibial component, a femoral component and a meniscal component addresses the lack of conformity to natural biomechanical movement. The tibial component comprises a tibial platform having a curved rail system designed to mimic the asymmetrical rotation of femoral rollback while simultaneously providing sufficient anterior-posterior translation.

One or more rigid components associated with an articulating bone are used to encase, encapsulate, contain, or otherwise protect a compressible / resilient member. The embodiments are applicable not only to artificial disc replacement (ADR) devices, but also to joint situations including total knee and hip arthroplasty. The cushion elements in the preferred embodiments include synthetic rubbers, hydrogels, elastomers, and other polymeric materials such as viscoelastic polymers and foam polyurethanes. The invention effectively combines the advantages of such materials (cushioning, shape memory, and expansion after insertion in the case of hydrogels), while providing increased protection, particularly the elimination of shear stresses. When applied to an ADR, the invention also minimizes the risk of extrusion.

The present invention provides an arthroplasty supporting information calculation method for supporting diagnoses of a patient with knee disordered and total joint replacement to a total knee component, and an arthroplasty supporting information calculation program, and an arthroplasty supporting information calculation system. In an arthroplasty supporting terminal of the present invention, photographed X-ray images are acquired using X-ray irradiation mechanisms and a dedicated cassette base, Approximate three-dimensional data of a patient's bones is then created by transforming a display image of three-dimensional data of CT of the patient and / or sample bones to match the X-ray image in which the patient's bones are photographed. Three-dimensional coordinate values are then determined for this approximate three-dimensional data of the patient's bones. From these three-dimensional coordinate values, parameters are determined for evaluating positional relationships between at least two bones. The position of the display image of the three-dimensional data of a total knee component is then adjusted to match the display image of the approximate three-dimensional data of the patient's bones based on the three-dimensional coordinate values. The position of the total knee component is then calculated as anatomical coordinate values that represent the positions of at least two bones.

One or both of the condyles in a femoral component for a partial or total knee prosthesis includes a J-curve with a plurality of distinct radii, such as 5 or more radii. The centers of the radii are arranged along an arcuate path extending anteroposteriorly so that successively larger radii are serially arranged along the arcuate path from the posterior side of the femoral component to the anterior side. The femoral component provides a high degree of stability throughout the range of motion of the knee prosthesis, and facilitates a close approximation to the motion of a natural knee.

A prosthetic knee implant for implantation into a mammal, which accommodates an anterior cruciate ligament substitute to provide stability to the knee implant. The prosthetic knee implant includes a femoral component having a pair of condylar surfaces and a tibial component having a surface portion adapted to slidably engage the femoral component upon rotation of the same. The femoral component further includes a central femoral recess between the condyles providing access to the femur for drilling a channel through which a cruciate ligament substitute may be integrated into the femur. The tibial component further includes a center portion defining an aperture through which the ligament substitute maybe threaded through the tibia and integrated therein, or anchored upon its surface. Also disclosed is a method used to replace the total knee joint in a mammal with the improved prosthetic knee implant of the present invention.

Disclosed is an intra-medullary rod, including: a cylindrical body made of an X-ray transmitting material; a plurality of wires, which are made of a material that does not transmit X-ray and are deposited at regular intervals along a surface of the cylindrical body in the circumferential direction, being extended in an axial direction in a spiral shape, wherein each of the wires is made in a way that a starting end and a terminating end of the cylindrical body are connected by the shortest distance along the outer surface thereof. In a fluoroscopic image of the cylindrical body, a distance from a reference position to an intersection location of a pair of the wires corresponds to an amount of rotational angle of the intra-medullary rod. By digitizing the intersection location, the rotational angle of the intra-medullary rod is measured.

In one embodiment, a method for treating an infected implant area of a knee joint comprises surgically accessing the implant area, and inserting a tibial component into the tibia using an antibiotic-impregnated material. A femoral component is formed that is configured to interact with the tibial component by stable knee joint articulation and motion. The femoral component is formed of an antibiotic-impregnated material using a mold. The femoral component is attached to the femur using an antibiotic-impregnated material, and the tibial component is interfaced with the femoral component to form a stable temporary knee joint capable of reducing the spread of infection while permitting movement of the knee joint.

A prosthetic knee implant for implantation into a mammal, which accommodates an anterior cruciate ligament substitute to provide stability to the knee implant. The prosthetic knee implant includes a femoral component having a pair of condylar surfaces and a tibial component having a surface portion adapted to slidably engage the femoral component upon rotation of the same. The femoral component further includes a recess between the condyles defining an aperture through the femoral component. The tibial component further includes a center portion defining an aperture through the tibial component substantially at its center. The femoral aperture and the tibial aperture are adapted to receive an anterior cruciate ligament substitute for biasing the mammalian femur and tibia together. Also disclosed is a method used to replace the total knee joint in a mammal with the improved prosthetic knee implant of the present invention.

In one embodiment, a method for treating an infected implant area of a knee joint comprises surgically accessing the implant area, and inserting a tibial component into the tibia using an antibiotic-impregnated material. A femoral component is formed that is configured to interact with the tibial component by stable knee joint articulation and motion. The femoral component is formed of an antibiotic-impregnated material using a mold. The femoral component is attached to the femur using an antibiotic-impregnated material, and the tibial component is interfaced with the femoral component to form a stable temporary knee joint capable of reducing the spread of infection while permitting movement of the knee joint.

A varus-valgus alignment instrument includes a body having a bone contact surface for contacting a distal femur and an opening extending through the body and bone contact surface. The opening is sized to receive an elongate shaft therein. An alignment member is moveably attached to the body and has first and second openings therethrough. The first and second openings are sized to receive the elongate shaft and are interchangeably positioned in alignment with the opening of the body.

A femoral component (100) for a total knee joint replacement has a modular structure including a number of segments (102, 112), each of the segments (102, 112) having a femoral fixation surface (104, 114) for attachment to the distal end of a femur and at least one assembly surface (108) for joining with an adjacent segment (102, 112) of the modular femoral component (100). The assembly surfaces (108) are generally planar and arranged to be oriented generally in a plane extending in a proximal-distal direction and in an anterior-posterior direction when the femoral fixation surface (104, 114) is positioned on the distal end of the femur. Although the assembly surfaces (108) are generally planar, they may be shaped or provided with complementary structures (120) to assure self-alignment when the segments (102, 112) are assembled.

The invention discloses a tibia osteotomy positioning device which is used for artificial total knee prosthesis replacement operation. The tibia osteotomy positioning device comprises an osteotomy plate and a positioning rod, the osteotomy plate is fixed at the top end of the positioning rod, and contact screws which are used for being nailed into tibia ridge front edge bone cortex for positioning are arranged on the positioning rod. The device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the positioning is accurate, the operation and the usage are convenient, during knee prosthesis replacement, inside and outside turning, rotation and hypsokinesis can be excellently controlled to perform a marrow outside positioning tibia osteotomy in tibia osteotomy operation, and the defects that tibia osteotomy positioning devices in prior art are inaccurate in alignment, complicated in operation, and unstable caused by human factors and the like are overcome. The two contact screws are nailed into the tibia ridge for fixture, so that the upper end of a positioning device is not required to be in contact with a tibial platform, and the osteotomy plane is determined mainly according to the tibia ridge.

A system and method for knee arthroplasty procedures, using a novel leg rotation fixture to enable the leg mechanical axis, the tibia and the femur to be mutually disposed such that the load bearing, mechanical axis of the leg runs through the center of the knee joint. A measurement gauge is provided for mounting on the tibia and for aligning a baseplate in a known position on the tibia. This baseplate supports an X-ray target plate in a known position relative to the tibia, used in determining the mechanical axis, and an optional surgical robot, used to perform tibial and femoral cuts. The position of the femur relative to the robot may be determined from X-ray imaging of the pelvic region after attachment to the baseplate of an additional target extending to the pelvic region. The system enables improvement in the accuracy of knee arthroplasty procedures.

The invention relates to an artificial knee joint. The artificial knee joint comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, a tibial platform prosthesis and a joint gasket, wherein the femoral condyle prosthesis is movably placed on the tibial joint surface of the joint gasket through the femoral joint surface after being assembled; a projection in the middle of the joint gasket extends into a square hole in the middle of the femoral condyle prosthesis to limit the motion range of the knee joint and prevent the dislocation of the joint; a protrusion part of the joint gasket is movably mounted on a profiled groove of the femoral condyle prosthesis; and a gibbosity part of the joint gasket is movably mounted on a middle circular groove of the tibial platform prosthesis. Due to the adoption of the structure, the technical problem of mismatching of anatomic forms of the conventional artificial knee joint product and the oriental knee joint due to different anatomic forms of the oriental knee joint and the occidental knee joint is solved. The artificial knee joint is suitable for the orientals or the oriental patients requiring total knee arthroplasty.

One or both of the condyles in a femoral component for a partial or total knee prosthesis includes a J-curve with a plurality of distinct radii, such as 5 or more radii. The centers of the radii are arranged along an arcuate path extending anteroposteriorly so that successively larger radii are serially arranged along the arcuate path from the posterior side of the femoral component to the anterior side. The femoral component provides a high degree of stability throughout the range of motion of the knee prosthesis, and facilitates a close approximation to the motion of a natural knee.

A total knee prosthesis comprises a femoral component and a patellar component. The femoral component has a patellar flange into which is built a twist or roller coaster configuration. The patellar component has an off-set dome with respective lateral and medial facets. The configuration of the patellar flange resists forces from a medial to a lateral direction, whilst the lateral and medial facets of the patellar component are respectively shaped to allow area contact and line contact respectively with the femoral component. Also disclosed is a device for intra-operative checking of patellar tracking to allow correct insertion of the femoral and patellar components.

The invention relates to an artificial total knee replacing prosthesis which can reconstruct anterior cruciate ligament and comprises a tibia platform supporting part and a liner. The tibia platform supporting part consists of a horizontal platform and a rod part which are fixedly connected; the surface of the liner is provided with a pair of spherical concaves horizontally intervened so as to respectively receive a femur scleromere. The pad and the tibia platform supporting part are provided with a pore canal which respectively penetrates the pad and the horizontal platform of the tibia platform supporting part and are communicated with each other, so as to lead the anterior cruciate ligament to pass through the pore canals, the two ends of the ligament to be fixed on the tibias of a femur ectocondyle, and the horizontal platform of the tibia platform supporting part; thus realizing the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in a replacing surgery of the artificial total knee.