The invention discloses a test device for simulating a tunnel seismic response under fault movements, which comprises a vibration table, a model test box, a guide rail underframe, a guide rail, a calibrated rod, a spring matrix, a spring mounting plate, a load-bearing bottom plate, an adjustment connecting rod, a fixed bearing, a mobile bearing, a lifting drawer, a jack base and a hydraulic jack. The invention further discloses two test method adopted by the test device for simulating the tunnel seismic response under the fault movements, and the two methods are respectively used for normal fault simulation and reverse fault simulation. A dynamic response of a seismic action in a condition that a fault movement force acts on a tunnel model can be realized by adopting the test device disclosed by the invention, the fault movement force is provided by the hydraulic jack, faults with any inclination angle can be simulated, and the spring matrix can ensure continuous dynamic movements of a hanging side soil body when the vibration table is in operation, so that stress of the tunnel model is enabled to be more consistent with actual situations, the authenticity and the precision of a test result are significantly improved, and research on anti-seismic and shock absorption design of a fault crossing tunnel is facilitated.