The present invention relates to a chicken gallbladder extraction composition, which comprises, by mass, 45-55% of taurochenodeoxycholic acid, 10-15% of other cholic acids, 5-15% of amino acids, 23-28% of proteins, and 0.5-2% of fat, wherein the chicken gallbladder extraction composition has the high taurochenodeoxycholic acid content, contains plural kinds of the amino acids, has the high amino acid content, has significant efficacy, and has high stability. The present invention further relates to an extraction method for the chicken gallbladder extraction composition. The extraction method comprises: freezing, chopping, melting and pressing chicken gallbladder, filtering to obtain the bile, adding ethanol to extract, standing, carrying out protein precipitation, filtering to obtain the supernatant, adding petroleum ether to extract, collecting the ethanol layer, and carrying out concentration evaporation dryness to obtain the chicken gallbladder extraction composition. The method has characteristics of simple process, easy operation, low cost and short purification period.